SYLPH: An Ambient Intelligence Based Platform for ... - IEEE Xplore

5 downloads 569 Views 236KB Size Report
innovative solutions. Nonetheless ... heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). This ... Agents and Multi Agent Systems are one of these technologies.
 



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³VHUYLFH´FDQEHGHILQHGDVDPHFKDQLVPWKDWIDFLOLWDWHVWKH DFFHVV WR RQH RU PRUH IXQFWLRQDOLWLHV HJ IXQFWLRQV QHWZRUN FDSDELOLWLHV HWF  >@ 6HUYLFHV DUH LQWHJUDWHG WKURXJK FRPPXQLFDWLRQ SURWRFROV WKDW KDYH WR EH XVHG E\ DSSOLFDWLRQVWRVKDUHUHVRXUFHVLQWKHQHWZRUN

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



)LJ   $ FHQWUDOL]HG YHUVXV D GLVWULEXWHG DSSURDFK IRU LQWHJUDWLQJ KHWHURJHQHRXV:61V

 



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