The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new

Zootaxa 3883 (1): 001–094 www.mapress.com /zootaxa / Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press

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ZOOTAXA

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http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3883.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:48A4C0DF-00B7-45C6-8D10-5BFE40A251EE

ZOOTAXA 3883

The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new genus and fifteen new species (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae) ALLEN F. SANBORN & MAXINE S. HEATH Department of Biology, Barry University, 11300 NE Second Avenue, Miami Shores, FL 33161-6695, USA, [email protected], 104 Hummingbird Circle, Buchanan Dam, TX 78609, USA, [email protected]

Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand

Accepted by H. Duffels: 30 Sept. 2014; published: 11 Nov. 2014

ALLEN F. SANBORN & MAXINE S. HEATH The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new genus and fifteen new species (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae) (Zootaxa 3883) 94 pp.; 30 cm. 11 Nov. 2014 ISBN 978-1-77557-575-7 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-77557-576-4 (Online edition)

FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2014 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/

© 2014 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. ISSN 1175-5326

(Print edition)

ISSN 1175-5334

(Online edition)

2 · Zootaxa 3883 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press

SANBORN & HEATH

Table of contents Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Materials and Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 New Taxa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Fidicinoides ferruginosa Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Proarna alalonga Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Proarna parva Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Prasinosoma medialinea Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Dorisiana noriegai Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Guyalna platyrhina Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Herrera humilastrata Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Herrera umbraphila Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Parnisa lineaviridia Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Parnisa viridis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Alarcta micromacula Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Torresia lariojaensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Torresia sanjuanensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Chonosia longiopercula Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Chonosia septentrionala Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Checklist of the cicada fauna of Argentina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Family Cicadidae Latreille, 1802 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Subfamily Cicadinae Latreille, 1802 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Tribe Zammarini Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Odopoea Stål, 1861 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Odopoea insignifera Berg, 1879 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Odopoea signata (Haupt, 1918) rev. stat., comb. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Odopoea venturii Distant, 1906 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Zammara Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Zammara strepens Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Tribe Fidicinini Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Subtribe Fidicinina Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Fidicina Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Fidicina affinis Haupt, 1918 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Fidicina torresi Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Fidicinoides Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Fidicinoides determinata (Walker, 1858). New Record.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Fidicinoides ferruginosa Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Fidicinoides opalina (Germar, 1821) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Fidicinoides vinula (Stål, 1854) comb. n., rev. status. New Record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Bergalna Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Bergalna pullata (Berg, 1879) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Subtribe Guyalnina Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Proarna Stål, 1864 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Proarna alalonga Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Proarna bergi (Distant, 1892).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Proarna bufo Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Proarna capistrata Distant, 1885, rev. stat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Proarna dactyliophora Berg, 1879 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Proarna insignis Distant, 1881 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Proarna montevidensis Berg, 1882 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Proarna parva Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Proarna praegracilis Berg, 1881 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Proarna pulverea (Olivier, 1790) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Proarna uruguayensis Berg, 1882 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Prasinosoma Torres, 1963 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Prasinosoma fuembuenai Torres, 1963. New Record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Prasinosoma heidemanni (Distant, 1905) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Prasinosoma inconspicua (Distant, 1906) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Prasinosoma medialinea Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Dorisiana Metcalf, 1952 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Dorisiana drewseni (Stål, 1854) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

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Dorisiana metcalfi Sanborn & Heath nom. nov. pro Cicada viridis Olivier, 1790 nec Cicada viridis Linnaeus, 1758. . . . . . . 60 Dorisiana noriegai Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Dorisiana semilata (Walker, 1850) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Elassoneura Torres, 1964 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Elassoneura carychrous Torres, 1964 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Tympanoterpes Stål, 1861 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Tympanoterpes cordubensis Berg, 1884 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Tympanoterpes elegans Berg, 1882 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Tympanoterpes serricosta (Germar, 1834) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Ariasa Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Ariasa alboapicata (Distant, 1905) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Ariasa arechavaletae (Berg, 1884) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Ariasa bilaqueata (Uhler, 1903). New record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Ariasa colombiae (Distant, 1892). New record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Ariasa nigrovittata Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Hemisciera Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Hemisciera maculipennis (de Laporte, 1832) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Guyalna Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Guyalna bonaerensis (Berg, 1879) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Guyalna cuta (Walker, 1850) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Guyalna platyrhina Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Tribe Hyantiini Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Quesada Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Quesada gigas (Olivier, 1790) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Tribe Cicadatrini Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Pachypsaltria Stål, 1861 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Pachypsaltria haematodes Torres, 1960 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Pachypsaltria peristicta Torres, 1960 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Subfamily Cicadettinae Buckton, 1889 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Tribe Carinetini Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Carineta Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Carineta boliviana Distant, 1905. New record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Carineta crassicauda Torres, 1948 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Carineta diardi (Guérin-Méneville, 1829) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Carineta fasciculata (Germar, 1821) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Carineta gemella Boulard, 1986. New record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Carineta limpida Torres, 1948 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Carineta liturata Torres, 1948 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Carineta maculosa Torres, 1948 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Carineta platensis Berg, 1882 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Carineta propinqua Torres, 1948 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Carineta scripta Torres, 1948 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Ahomana Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Ahomana neotropicalis Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Herrera Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Herrera humilatrata Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Herrera umbraphila Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Guaranisaria Distant, 1905. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Guaranisaria bicolor Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Guaranisaria dissimilis Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Guaranisaria llanoi Torres, 1964 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Tribe Parnisini Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Derotettix Berg, 1882 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Derotettix mendosensis Berg, 1882 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Derotettix wagneri Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Calyria Stål, 1862 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Calyria stigma (Walker, 1850). New record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Parnisa Stål, 1862 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Parnisa lineaviridia Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Parnisa viridis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Acyroneura Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Acyroneura singularis Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Tribe Taphurini Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Subtribe Taphurina Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74


SANBORN & HEATH

Nosola Stål, 1866 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Nosola paradoxa Stål, 1866 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Selymbria Stål, 1861 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Selymbria pandora Distant, 1911. New record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Taphura Stål, 1862 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Taphura hastifera (Walker, 1858). New record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Taphura misella (Stål, 1854). New record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Elachysoma Torres, 1964 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Elachysoma quadrivittata Torres, 1964 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Subfamily Tibicininae Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Tribe Tettigadini Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Tettigades Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Tettigades angularis Torres, 1958. New record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Tettigades bosqi Torres, 1942 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Tettigades brevicauda Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Tettigades dumfriesi Distant, 1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Tettigades lebruni Distant, 1906 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Tettigades lizeri Torres, 1942 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Tettigades major Torres, 1944 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Tettigades parva Distant, 1892 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Tettigades sarcinatrix Torres, 1944 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Tettigades varivenosa Distant, 1906 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Alarcta Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Alarcta albicerata (Torres, 1949) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Alarcta bahiensis (Torres, 1942) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Alarcta blanchardi (Torres, 1948) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Alarcta macrogina (Torres, 1949) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Alarcta micromacula Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Alarcta minuta (Torres, 1949) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Alarcta quadrimacula Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Alarcta terrosa Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Torresia n. gen. Sanborn & Heath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Torresia lariojaensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Torresia sanjuanensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Tettigotoma Torres, 1942 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Tettigotoma maculata Torres, 1942 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Psephenotettix Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Psephenotettix grandis Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Psephenotettix minor Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Babras Jacobi, 1907 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Babras sonorivox Jacobi, 1907 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Calliopsida Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Calliopsida cinnabarina (Berg, 1879) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Chonosia Distant, 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Chonosia atrodorsalis Torres, 1945 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Chonosia crassipennis (Walker, 1858) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Chonosia longiopercula Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Chonosia papa (Berg, 1882) rev. stat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Chonosia septentrionala Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Chonosia trigonocelis Torres, 1945 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Acuticephala Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Acuticephala alipuncta Torres, 1958 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Mendozana Distant, 1906 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Mendozana antennaria (Jacobi, 1907) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Mendozana platypleura Distant, 1906 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Species removed from the list of species recorded from Argentina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Zammara tympanum (Fabricius, 1803) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Fidicina mannifera (Fabricius, 1803a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Proarna grisea (Fabricius, 1775) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Pachypsaltria cinctomaculata (Stål, 1854) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Dorachosa explictata Distant, 1892 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Tettigades chilensis Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Tettigades compacta Walker, 1850 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Tettigades lizeriana Delétang, 1919 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86



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Tettigades opaca Jacobi, 1907 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Tettigades ulnaria Distant, 1906 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Abstract The Argentine cicada fauna is determined. A total of 108 species belonging to 37 genera, eight tribes, and three subfamilies of cicadas are represented in the Argentine cicada fauna. One genus and 15 species are described as new to science: Torresia Sanborn & Heath gen. n., Fidicinoides ferruginosa Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Proarna alalonga Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Proarna parva Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Prasinosoma medialinea Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Dorisiana noriegai Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Guyalna platyrhina Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Herrera humilastrata Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Herrera umbraphila Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Parnisa lineaviridia Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Parnisa viridis Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Alarcta micromacula Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Torresia lariojaensis Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Torresia sanjuanensis Sanborn & Heath sp. n., Chonosia longiopercula Sanborn & Heath sp. n., and Chonosia septentrionala Sanborn & Heath sp. n. Adusella signata Haupt, 1918 rev. stat. is determined to be a valid species, removed as a junior synonym of Tettigades lebruni Distant, 1906 and reassigned to the genus Odopoea Distant to become Odopoea signata comb. n. Fidicina vinula Stål, 1854 rev. stat. is determined to be a valid species, removed as a junior synonym of Fidicinoides pronoe (Walker, 1850) and assigned to the genus Fidicinoides Boulard & Martinelli to become Fidicinoides vinula comb. n. Proarna capistrata Distant, 1885 rev. stat. is determined to be a valid species, removed as a junior synonym of Proarna montividensis Berg, 1882. Chonosia papa (Berg, 1882) rev. stat. is determined to be a valid species and removed as a junior synonym of Chonosia crassipennis (Walker, 1858). Chonosia crassipennis var. metequei nom. nud. Delétang, 1919 syn. n. is considered natural variation in C. crassipennis. Dorisia bonaerensis var. bergi nom. nud. Delétang, 1919 syn. n. and Dorisia bonaerensis var. dominiquei nom. nud. Delétang, 1919 syn. n. are considered to be natural variation within Guyalna bonaerensis (Berg, 1879). Derotettix proseni Torres, 1945 is determined to be a junior synonym of Derotettix wagneri Distant, 1905 syn. n. Dorisiana metcalfi nom. nov. pro Cicada viridis Olivier, 1790 nec Cicada viridis Linnaeus, 1758 is proposed. Tettigades lizeriana Delétang, 1919 is shown to be an invalid name for the purposes of zoological nomenclature. The first records for Argentina of Fidicinoides determinata (Walker, 1858), Fidicinoides vinula (Stål, 1854) comb. n., rev. stat., Prasinosoma fuembuenai Torres, 1963, Ariasa bilaqueata (Uhler, 1903), Ariasa colombiae (Distant, 1892), Carineta boliviana Distant, 1905, Carineta gemella Boulard, 1986, Calyria stigma (Walker, 1850), Selymbria pandora Distant, 1911, Taphura hastifera (Walker, 1858), Taphura misella (Stål, 1854), and Tettigades angularis Torres, 1958 are provided. Ten species are removed from the Argentine cicada fauna. The new records and new species represent a 36% increase in the known cicada fauna. Fifty-eight species (54%) and 10 genera (27%) are currently endemic to Argentina. Key words: biodiversity, taxonomy, Fidicinoides, Proarna, Prasinosoma, Dorisiana, Guyalna, Herrera, Parnisa, Alarcta, Torresia, Chonosia

Introduction Historically the presence of two eminent entomologists living in Argentina helped to expand the known Argentine cicada fauna beyond the descriptions of species produced by various European taxonomists. Carlos Berg (1843–1902) published five papers over a six-year period describing a new genus and 14 new species of cicadas from Argentina (see references in Metcalf 1962). Belindo A. Torres (1917–1965) published a series of 29 papers over 25 years on the Argentine cicada fauna (see references in Metcalf 1962; Duffels & van der Laan 1985). Included in his works were the descriptions of eight new genera and 35 new species inhabiting Argentina. The work of Berg and Torres within Argentina resulted in a more complete description of the native cicadas of Argentina than for most South American countries. However, new species and new records continue to be found for Argentina. This work provides a provisional checklist of the cicada fauna of Argentina. In addition to records from the literature, we provide the descriptions of a new genus, 15 new species and the first records for another 15 species. Finally, we retrieve two species from junior synonymy, reassign two species to new genera, and show one taxon is invalid. Biological notes on the species are provided from our fieldwork.


SANBORN & HEATH

Materials and Methods Specimens representing new species or new records were found during our Argentine expeditions in 1981, 1986, 1987, 1988, and 1992. They were also discovered among the undetermined cicadas of the Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville (FSCA), University of Connecticut, Storrs (UCMS), University of California at Davis (UCDC), Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles (LACM), or sent to the authors for determination. Type material and specimens of Argentine cicadas were studied in the Museo de La Plata, La Plata (MLPA), Instituto Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán (IMLA), Museo de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia, Buenos Aires (MACN), Natural History Museum, London (BMNH), Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (ZMHB), Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm (NHRS), and the Statens Naturhistoriske Museum, Copenhagen (ZMUC). In case type specimens of a species have been studied by the authors this is indicated by ‘(type material examined)’ after the citation of the original description of the species. Specimens were also sent to the first author for determination by D. Emery (DECA), F. Penco and D. Rojas Lanus. Specimens are deposited in the collection of origin with vouchers of duplicates in the Heath collection (MSHC) or the Sanborn collection (AFSC). Type material for the new species described here is deposited in the collection of the Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS). Body measurements were made with Vernier calipers or a hand held mini-scale and a compound microscope. Terminology and higher taxonomy follow Moulds (2005) with the exception that the Tibicininae is retained over the Tettigadinae based on the principle of priority (ICZN 1999). The already described cicada fauna of Argentina was determined by reviewing the cicada catalogues of Metcalf (1963a; 1963b; 1963c), Duffels & van der Laan (1985), and Sanborn (2013) and more recent literature. The bibliographies may be consulted for specific references to distribution records of Argentine cicadas in the historic literature.

Results New Taxa Fidicinoides ferruginosa Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 1) Fidicina sp. Bolcatto et al. 2006, p. 7, 8, Fig. 1F. Fidicina sp. De Santis et al. 2007, p. 4, 17, 18, Table 1, Fig. 1F. Fidicinoides ferruginosa nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 5, 8, Table 3.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Córdoba / Mina Clavero / 12 Dec 1986 / Al Sanborn Coll.”. PARATYPES: two female same data as holotype (one INHS, one MSHC); three male and one female same data as holotype except “F. Noriega Coll.” (two male MSHC, one male and one female AFSC); one female (MSHC) “Córdoba / 10 km W Salsacate / 7 Dec. 1981 / M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll.”; one female (MSHC) “Santiago / del Estero, 6.5 km No. / of Ojo de Agua. 15 Dec / 1986. J.E. Heath Coll.”; two female “Córdoba / Saltos Blancos / 7–I–1980, L. Strange, / R. Woodruff” (one FSCA, one AFSC); one female (MSHC) “Córdoba / La Cumbre 7 Dec / 1981—J. Heath Coll.”. Etymology. The species is named for the reddish ground coloration. Diagnosis.—The species is part of a group of Fidicinoides species that possess lateral pile on the mesonotum giving the appearance of stripes. The new species can be distinguished by the lacking infuscation on their forewings which is found in F. descampsi Boulard & Martinelli, 1996, F. jauffreti Boulard & Martinelli, 1996, F. pauliensis Boulard & Martinelli, 1996, F. poulani Boulard & Martinelli, 1996, F. pseudethelae Boulard & Martinelli, 1996, F. saccifera Boulard & Martinelli, 1996, F. sucinalae Boulard & Martinelli, 1996. The light color of the lateral mesonotum in the new species rather than the lateral mesonotum being the ground color distinguishes it from F. distanti (Goding, 1925), F. variegata (Sanborn, 2005), and F. yavitensis Boulard & Martinelli, 1996. Both F. determinata (Walker, 1850) and F. picea (Walker, 1850) differ from the new species by their greenish ground color, ochraceous abdomen, no black in the basal cell of the forewing, and the lateral mesothoracic black marking not extending to the cruciform elevation. Fidicinoides lacteipennis (Distant, 1905) is distinguished from the new species by its brownish ochraceous ground color, no black in the basal cell of the forewing, the lateral mesothoracic SANBORN & HEATH; ARGENTINE CICADAS


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black marking does not extending to the cruciform elevation and is known only from the Amazon. The most similar species to the new species is F. vinula (Stål, 1854) rev. stat. but the new species can be distinguished by black marking in the basal cell of the forewing, the entirely black timbal cover, the rounded posterolateral opercular margin, the U-shaped posterior of the basal lobe of the pygofer, and the lateral uncal lobes are folded against the medial uncus lobes in the new species. Description Coloration.—Ground color ferruginous marked with piceous. Head.—Head about 1.1X as wide as mesonotum. Large piceous mark on frons and vertex, not reaching eyes, surrounding ocelli except posterior of median ocellus, extending anteriorly onto supra-antennal plate along frontoclypeal suture. Small piceous mark on posterior head slightly curved laterad about one third distance to eye. Eye ringed with piceous, posterior to eye piceous. Anterior supra-antennal plate tinged with green, ground color in most paratypes. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes dark green. White pile on frons, more dense and/or extending over piceous mark on vertex in some paratypes, very long white pile posterior to eye and on ventral head. Postclypeus rounded anteriorly, centrally sulcate with 12 transverse grooves and white pile laterally. Piceous mark along frontoclypeal suture with arching extensions into transverse grooves on anterior surface, extensions reduced or absent in some paratypes. Lateral transverse grooves marked with piceous, longest centrally forming arch when viewed from side. Central sulcus piceous ventrally, mark extending laterally along posterior margin. Anteclypeus ferruginous medially, piceous laterally, piceous marks almost fusing along anterior midline. Mentum ochraceous, labium castaneous with piceous tip reaching to posterior coxae. Gena ferruginous with central piceous stripe between postclypeus and eye. Lorum castaneous anteriorly, piceous posteriorly, piceous region varies from one-third to two thirds of lorum in paratypes. Scape tawny, remaining antennal segments piceous. Thorax.—Pronotum marked with fuscous posterior to anterior margin except at midline, mark extending into anterior portion of paramedian and lateral fissures. Piceous mark on disc between paramedian and lateral fissures about midpoint of paramedian fissure. Piceous mark in ambient fissure at end of lateral fissure. Pronotal collar lighter than disc with piceous mark on anterior lateral angle, piceous mark absent in some paratypes. White pile in lateral ambient fissure, some paratypes with pile in lateral and paramedian fissures. Mesonotum ferruginous with ochraceous lateral surfaces. Mesonotum piceous on submedian sigilla, anterior and lateral portion of lateral sigilla extending to cruciform elevation, scutal depression, and transverse mark connecting scutal depressions along anterior margin of cruciform elevation that extends anteriorly along midline. Marks in submedian sigilla, lateral sigilla and transverse mark along anterior cruciform elevation reduced in some paratypes. Long, dense white pile laterally giving the appearance of a white stripe, pile very thick to absent in paratypes. White pile at anterior paramedian fissure and black pile between anterior arms of cruciform elevation in some paratypes. Wing groove fuscous, metanotum piceous. Ventral thoracic plates ochraceous except piceous basisternum 2, trochantin 2, meron 2, medial and anterior katepimeron 2, medial episternum 3, anterior basisternum 3. Lateral episternum 2 fuscous in some paratypes. Venter covered with dense, long, white pile. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Venation piceous except green costal margin to node, cubitus posterior + anal vein 1, cubitus anterior along posterior basal cell becoming ochraceous, ochraceous cubitus anterior 2, and tawny distal four fifths of anal vein 2 + 3, green faded to tawny in some paratypes. Basal cell green proximally, piceous anterodistally, hyaline posterodistally. Infuscation in proximal clavus. Basal membrane reddish gray. Hind wing venation piceous except ochraceous costa, radius anterior to radial crossvein, proximal three fourths of radius posterior, cubitus anterior, cubitus anterior 1, mediocubital crossvein and median vein 3 + 4. Anal vein 2 and median vein 2 ochraceous in some paratypes. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2 and proximal half of anal vein 1, cubital cell 2 along proximal half of anal vein 1 and proximal third of cubitus posterior, cubital cell 1 along proximal third of cubitus posterior and proximal one fourth of cubitus anterior, proximal fourth of medial cell, and base of radial cell and costal cell reddish gray distally margined with infuscation. Legs.—Ochraceous tawny marked with fuscous, greenish in some paratypes. Coxa fuscous laterally, fore coxa striped, and anteriorly marked with fuscous near junction with trochanter. Trochanter with fuscous mark anteriorly, largest in middle trochanter. Fore femur distolaterally ferruginous with oblique, piceous primary spine, larger, upright secondary spine, and small, oblique distal spine, spines along fuscous ridge. Middle and hind femur with ferruginous stripes and ochraceous distal ends. Tibia striped with ferruginous, tibial spurs and comb castaneous with fuscous tips. Tarsi ferruginous, pretarsal claw tawny with fuscous tips. Legs with white pile, more dense in some paratypes.


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FIGURE 1. Fidicinoides ferruginosa Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal cover. (D) Holotype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Holotype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Holotype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 5 mm, C–E = 2 mm, and F–I = 1 mm.

Operculum.—Male operculum ochraceous, fuscous anteriorly between middle of base and medial margin, not



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reaching posterior margin of sternite II. Lateral margin straight, posterolateral margin extended beyond sinuate posterior margin, medial margin rounded, barely reaching lateral coxa. Meracanthus ochraceous with fuscous base. Operculum covered with white pile, very dense at base, some paratypes with dense pile covering entire operculum. Female operculum and meracantus similar to male in shape and coloration but smaller. Abdomen.—Tergites piceous with ferruginous hind margin, tergite 1 ferruginous medially, tergites 2–8 ferruginous laterally, proportion decreasing in posterior tergites. Long silvery pile laterally and on posterior margin, dense on epipleurites. Black pile dorsolaterally in some paratypes. Timbal cover piceous, incomplete, dorsolateral margin straight, angled anteriorly to ventroanterior right angle and straight ventral margin, covered with silvery pile laterally, black pile posterior to timbal cavity in some paratypes. Sternites tawny, ochraceous medially and along posterior margin. Sternites III–VI semitransparent. Sternite VII tawny anteriorly, ochraceous posteriorly with depression in posterior margin. Spiracles white. Sternite VIII ochraceous. Silvery pile on sternites, additional short, castaneous pile on posteromedial sternite VIII. Male genitalia.—Pygofer ferruginous with tawny mark on posterior to distal shoulder, dorsal beak absent, anal styles ochraceous. Pygofer basal lobe bent mediad, medial margin pointed. Median uncus lobe rectangular recurved dorsally with rounded terminal margin. Lateral uncus lobes curved under median lobes forming an acute angle. Aedeagus castaneous, narrowing to a curved point, fuscous along margin which bears four tooth-like extensions. Female genitalia.—Sternite VII tawny with lateral ferrugninous spots, posterior margin with medial notch, lateral posterior margins rounded. Abdominal segment 9 ferruginous, fuscous dorsolateral mark anteriorly which may extend to posterior margin in paratypes, fuscous mark on ventroposterior margin in some paratypes. Long, white pile on dorsal and proximal lateral surface. Anal styles ferruginous, not as long as dorsal beak. Gonocoxite IX ferruginous, ovipositor sheath piceous with long white pile near tip. Ovipositor sheath extending slightly beyond tip of dorsal beak. Measurements (mm).—N = 6 males or 6 females, mean (range). Length of body: male 29.3 (27.4–31.4), female 29.2 (28.0–31.0); length of forewing: male 38.5 (36.4–40.3), female 40.0 (38.6–41.4); width of forewing: male 12.8 (12.4–13.3), female 13.8 (12.6–14.4); length of head: male 5.0 (4.7–5.3), female 5.3 (5.1–5.5); width of head including eyes: male 12.4 (11.55–13.2), female 12.8 (12.2–13.9); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 13.0 (12.4–13.6), female 13.6 (13.2–14.1); width of mesonotum: male 11.3 (10.7–11.9), female 11.3 (11.25–12.3). Notes.—We found F. ferruginosa sp. n. distributed around the north and west of the Córdoba Mountains in Córdoba Province. Bolcatto et al. (2006) also illustrate a specimen from Santa Fe Province. The species is associated with the Monte floristic region (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Proarna alalonga Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 2) Proarna alalonga nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 4, Table 1.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Salta / 3.5 km So. of Grl. / Enrique Masconi / 11 Jan. 1988. Heath– / Sanborn–Noriega Coll. // Doesn’t match / P. dactyliophora / type”. PARATYPES: one male (MSHC) same data as holotype but no comparison label; one male (MSHC) “Salta / Grl. Enrique Masconi / 11–I–1988 / Heath–Sanborn–Noriega Coll.”; one male (AFSC) “Salta / Manuel Elordi / 10 Jan. 1988 / HeathSanborn-Noriega Coll.”; two female “Salta Prov. / Dto. Orán, Aguas Blancas / 20–I–2004 / Coll. N. Vannucci” (AFSC). Etymology. The species is named for its proportionately long forewing in comparison to other members of the genus. Diagnosis.—The new species is similar in size to P. dactyliophora Berg, 1879, P. hilaris (Germar, 1834) and P. palisoti (Metcalf, 1963). Both P. hilaris and P. paliosoti are restricted to the Caribbean basin. The new species has longer (about 23.2 mm vs 19.5 mm) and wider (about 7.3 mm vs 6.2 mm) forewings than P. dactyliophora. The markings in P. dactyliophora are much more elaborate than in the new species; the lateral pronotal margin is smoothly arched in the new species but has a notch in P. dactyliophora; the anterior extension of the timbal cover is longer and the dorsomedial margin is angulate in P. dactyliophora but smoothly curved in the new species; the


SANBORN & HEATH

postclypeus has a light central mark near the apex on an otherwise unicolorous postclypeus in the new species but has a dark central stripe and light lateral areas ventrally in P. dactyliophora; the lateral abdomen begins to taper to the posterior terminus at the sixth abdominal segment in the new species but at the third abdominal segment in P. dactyliophora; the male opercula almost meet medially in the new species but are well separated in P. dactyliophora; and the lateral lobes of the uncus are longer and the dorsal extension of the terminal medial uncal lobes are larger in the new species. Description Coloration.—Ground color of head and thorax greenish and tawny, tawny only in some paratypes, marked with piceous; abdomen ferruginous marked with piceous. Head.—Not as wide as mesonotum (about 0.97X) with piceous mark surrounding ocelli extending from frontoclypeal suture to hind margin with ground color spot on posterior epicranial suture. Piceous mark extending laterally across middle of vertex from anterior arm of epicranial suture to eye then expanding along margin of eye anteriorly to gena and posteriorly past eye angle where it forms a tapering line to posterior cranial depression. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes dark tawny, ochraceous in some paratypes. Postclypeus fuscous with 11 transverse grooves, greenish mark medially on dorsal surface extending to middle of ventral surface in central sulcus, expanded in over most of the medial postclypeus in one paratype, rounded anteriorly, ventral surface flattened, short silvery pile between transverse grooves and within central sulcus. Anteclypeus fuscous, green triangular mark on anterior midline, medial posterior third green, with long silvery pile laterally. Rostrum greenish with piceous tip reaching to middle of sternite I. Gena and lorum fuscous with long silvery pile. Scape and pedicel piceous, proximal three quarters of first flagellum fuscous, remaining flagellar segments tawny, greenish in some paratypes. Head covered with short, silvery pile, longer posterior to eye. Thorax.—Pronotum ground color with fuscous longitudinal bands on either side of midline, expanding to widest point midway between anterior margin and paramedian fissure before contracting, expanding at junction of anterior margin in most paratypes, fusing anteriorly and posteriorly forming a greenish mark along midline, continuing to posterior margin of pronotal collar as width reduces slightly, reduced to a pair of anterior spots on either side of midline and medial posterior spot in one paratype. Sinuate fuscous mark extending from middle of paramedian fissure onto disc. Fuscous spot between posterior lateral fissure and ambient fissure, extending into lateral fissure. Paramedian and lateral fissures with fuscous marks of various lengths in paratypes. Mesonotum with fuscous submedian sigilla, medial lateral sigilla arching to midline and expanding posterolaterally to wing groove outlining parapsidal suture, fusing and continuing along midline to posterior margin, reduced to a thin line across cruciform elevation. Mark complete along midline in some paratypes eliminating the spot between posterior portions of submedial sigillae. Scutal depression piceous. Wing groove piceous. Metanotum ground color in the middle, fuscous anteriorly and posteriorly. Ventral thoracic plates fuscous except lighter medial epimeron 2, and posterior trochantin 2 and 3, anepisternum 2 or katepimeron 2 green in some paratypes. Thorax covered with short, silvery pile. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Costa, radius and subcostal vein greenish with fuscous markings at base and at node, remaining veins ochraceous proximally, all veins becoming fuscous distally at mid-level of ulnar cells. Fuscous along nodal line, fuscous spot on arculus and base of cubitus posterior + anal vein 1, piceous posterior margin of anal vein 2 + 3 and piceous spot at base. Infuscation on proximal and distal radius anterior 2, medial, radiomedial and radial crossveins, and on ambient vein in apical cells 3–8. A small infuscation spot is found in the left forewing apical cell 2 of the holotype and apical cell 4 of the right forewing of one paratype is significantly shortened. Basal membrane grayish white. Hind wing venation greenish and ochraceous, except piceous anal veins 2 and 3. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2, cubital cell 2 along proximal half of cubitus posterior and base of costal and medial cells grayish. Legs.—Coxae ochraceous striped with fuscous. Trochanter ochraceous, fore trochanter with fuscous mark ventrally. Fore femur ochraceous striped with fuscous with proximal and distal fuscous annuli, with piceous primary spine against angled, larger, upright piceous secondary spine, and small, distal tertiary spine. Middle and hind femora ochraceous striped with fuscous, ringed with fuscous near distal end. Fore and middle tibiae fuscous anteriorly and in distal half, hind tibia fuscous only anteriorly, fuscous band in middle of hind tibiae in some paratypes, tibial spurs and comb castaneous. Proximal half of tarsi greenish, distal half fuscous, fuscous area reduced or absent in some paratypes, pretarsal claw fuscous with darker tips.



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FIGURE 2. Proarna alalonga Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal cover. (D) Holotype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Holotype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Holotype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B–E = 2 mm, and F–I = 1 mm.


SANBORN & HEATH

Operculum.—Male operculum ochraceous with fuscous spot on lateral base and fuscous mark along meracanthus, fuscous marks connected in some paratypes, covered in silvery pile, reaching to anterior margin of sternite II. Lateral margin curved into rounded posterior margin, medial margin rounded not meeting medially, anteromedial margin curving anteriorly to base. Female operculum ochraceous, fuscous at base, straight lateral and posterior margins connected by curving margin, medial margin at level of meracanthus, covered with short silvery pile, reaching to middle of sternite II. Meracanthus ochraceous. Abdomen.—Dorsal tergites tawny with greenish medial posterior, fuscous marks on either side of midline not reaching posterior margin, lateral tergite 2 on timbal cover and margin to timbal cavity fuscous, fuscous spots on lateral tergites 3–7 becoming larger in posterior segments. Timbal cover incomplete exposing timbal anteriorly and dorsally, fuscous dorsally, greenish ventrally. Posterior timbal cavity with slightly curved margin, to rounded, triangular apex of timbal cover. Timbal with four ribs and two spots, silvery pile dorsally, more dense laterally and in some paratypes. Sternites fuscous with white spiracles. Epipleurites fuscous. Silvery pile on sternites, additional longer pile on sternite VIII. Male genitalia.—Pygofer fuscous darker along dorsal and posterior margins, with greenish tawny dorsal margin and laterodorsal spot, dorsal beak absent, anal styles tawny ringed with fuscous. Median uncus lobe tawny, short, terminus rounded, bent posteriorly at approximate right angle. Lateral uncus lobes longer, flattened distally, bent anteriorly at approximate right angle when viewed from side, narrowed at angle, lateral side expanded with curved margin, medial side straight bent anterolaterally to rounded apex. Aedeagus castaneous with tawny membrane and castaneous curved spine at terminus. Female genitalia.—Sternite VII fuscous, lateral posterior margins rounded connected to V-shaped medial notch with a transverse region. Abdominal segment 9 fuscous anteriorly and ventrally, greenish tawny posteriorly, with fuscous extension to posterior margin at level of stigma, fuscous dorsal beak and greenish tawny extension along dorsal midline to middle of segment, lateral posterior margins sinuate, covered in long and short silvery pile. Anal styles fuscous, as long as dorsal beak. Gonocoxite IX piceous, ovipositor sheath piceous with long white pile near tip. Gonapophysis IX castaneous. Ovipositor sheath extending slightly beyond tip of dorsal beak. Measurements (mm).—N = 4 males or 2 females, mean (range). Length of body: male 15.8 (14.6–17.0), female 18.9 (18.5–19.3); length of forewing: male 21.9 (21.1–22.6), female 25.7 (24.5–26.9); width of forewing: male 7.0 (6.7–7.35), female 7.85 (7.7–8.0); length of head: male 2.25 (2.2–2.3), female 2.4; width of head including eyes: male 5.14 (4.95–5.3), female 5.8; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 6.4 (6.1–6.7), female 7.55 (7.5–7.6); width of mesonotum: male 5.3 (5.2–5.4), female 6.35 (6.3–6.4). Notes.—Proarna alalonga sp. n. is from the Yunga floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Proarna parva Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 3) Proarna parva nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 4, Tables 1–2.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Salta / 9 km So. of Split of / Rts 9 & 34. 19 Dec. 1986 / Al Sanborn Coll. / EX: Prosopis”. PARATYPES: one male (MSHC) “Tucuman / Dto. Trancas. Ruta 9 / ca. Trancas. 17–I–1988 / Heath-Sanborn-/ Noriega Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Tucuman / Dto. Trancas. Ruta 9 / ca. Trancas / 17 Jan. 1988 / Al Sanborn Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Santiago / del Estero 6.5 km / No. of Ojo de Agua / 15 Dec. 1986 / Al Sanborn Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Santiago / del Estero 2 km / S.E. of Añatuya. 30 / Dec. 1986 / Al Sanborn Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Salta / Ruta 9–8 km So. of / General Guemes / 17 Jan. 1988. Heath/ Sanborn-Noriega Coll.”; two male “La Rioja / La Rioja / 5 Jan. 1987 / Al Sanborn Coll. / EX: Prosopis” (one male MSHC, one male AFSC). Etymology. The species is named for its small size in comparison to other members of the genus. Diagnosis.—The only species of Proarna that is similar in size to P. parva sp. n. is P. praegracilis Berg, 1881. All other species of Proarna (body length 15–28 mm) are significantly larger than P. parva sp. n (body length 12.5mm), The new species has darker markings on the head, thorax and abdomen and the anterior prothorax is about as wide as the eyes ; the prothorax is wider than the eyes in P. praegracilis. The postclypeus is flattened ventrally in the new species but rounded in P. praegracilis; the lateral abdomen is sharply angled and straight to the



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posterior terminus in the new species but smoothly curving to the terminus in P. praegracilis; the costal margin is arched in the new species but straight in P. praegracilis; the male opercula are more bulbous posteriorly with a dark spot on the base in the new species; the distal shoulder of the pygofer is angled dorsally but smoothly rounded in P. praegracilis; and the lateral lobes of the uncus are wider, shorter, and not bent as strongly laterally in the new species.

FIGURE 3. Proarna parva Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal cover. (D) Holotype male operculum. (E) Holotype male lateral view of genitalia. (F) Holotype male posterior view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 2 mm, and C–F = 1 mm.


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Description of male Coloration.—Ground color of head and thorax ferruginous camouflaged with green, fuscous, piceous, and tawny; abdomen ferruginous marked with piceous. Head.—Head about 0.92X as wide as mesonotum with large transverse piceous mark on frons and vertex between eyes anterior to medial angle of eye, surrounding ocelli, extending anteriorly onto supra-antennal plate along frontoclypeal suture and posteriorly to margin of head except for ferruginous spot on posterior epicranial suture. Small piceous mark on posterior head slightly curved laterad about two thirds distance to eye. Eye ringed with piceous. Anterior supra-antennal plate piceous margined anteriorly and along anterior angle of frontoclypeal suture with green. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes dark green. Postclypeus castaneous with 10 green transverse grooves and fuscous central sulcus, rounded anteriorly, ventral surface flattened, and silvery pile, more dense in transverse grooves and central sulcus. Anteclypeus fuscous, lighter medially, with tawny anterior and posterior medial margins. Rostrum ochraceous with piceous tip reaching to middle of sternite I. Gena fuscous with tawny stripe between antenna and eye and tawny margin at junction with anteromedial lorum, some paratypes darker without tawny stripe or with green stripe. Lorum fuscous. Head covered with short silvery pile. Scape tawny and elongated, pedicel and proximal first flagellum fuscous, remaining flagellar segments greenish ochraceous, proximal pedicel tawny in some paratypes. Thorax.—Pronotum ferruginous, midline tinged with green, fuscous longitudinal bands on either side of midline, expanding to widest point at medial lateral fissure, bending laterad and continuing to posterior margin of pronotal collar as width reduces. Piceous transverse spot on midline in ambient fissure and on anterior end of lateral portion of pronotal collar. Anterior margin, posterolateral pronotal collar, pronotal collar posterior to medial portion of lateral disc green. Fuscous mark on anterior of lateral disc extending across lateral part of pronotal collar. Mesonotum ferruginous with fuscous submedian sigillae, arch outlining posterior submedian sigillae connected medially, and posteriorly expanding as a longitudinal mark from junction of arches to anterior margin of cruciform elevation constricting to line and terminating transversely on along posterior midline cruciform elevation. Tawny mark on parapsidal suture outlines submedial sigilla. Anterolateral lateral sigilla and anterolateal mesonotum green. Piceous mark extending posteriorly from anterior margin between parapsidal suture and green portion of lateral sigillae connecting to fuscous arch medially, continuing laterad across middle of lateral sigilla before expanding posteriorly on posterolaterad portion of mesonotum. Scutal depression piceous. Cruciform elevation greenish ferruninous with fuscous marks across anterior of anterior arms and middle of posterior arms, marks on posterior arms connected to medial mark on ventroposterior surface. Wing groove green anteriorly, piceous posteriorly with long white pile laterlly, green faded to tawny in some paratypes. Metanotum fuscous. Dorsum covered with short silvery pile. Ventral thoracic plates fuscous except tawny basisternum 2, posterior meron 2, and basisternum 3, only basisternum 3 tawny in some paratypes. Venter covered with silvery pile. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Costa, radius and subcostal vein greenish ferruginous, becoming ferruginous past node, remaining venation ferruginous proximally becoming fuscous distally, except piceous posterior margin of anal vein 2 + 3 and proximal quarter of cubitus posterior + anal vein 1, and piceous spot on branching of radius posterior from median vein. Basal cell clouded with light gray along cubitus anterior and arculus, hyaline anteroproximally. Infuscation on arculus, basal cubitus anterior, mediocubital crossvein, radial crossvein, and ambient vein in apical cells except apical cell 2, light stripes of infuscation within apical cells. Basal membrane grayish white. Hind wing venation ferruginous except piceous anal vein 3 and fuscous proximal anal vein 1, cubitus posterior and cubitus anterior. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2, cubital cell 2 along proximal two thirds of cubitus posterior and base of costal and medial cells whitish. Legs.—Fore coxae ferruginous with fuscous anterior interrupted stripe and distal terminus, middle coxae ochraceous with proximal and distal fuscous spots and fuscous lateral margin, hind coxae ochracous with fuscous lateral margin. Fore trochanter ochraceous with fuscous mark medially, middle trochanter ochraceous with fuscous spots proximally and centrally on anterior, hind trochanter ochraceous. Fore femur tawny striped with ferruginous with proximal and distal fuscous spots anteriorly and posteriorly, with piceous primary spine against femur, larger, upright piceous secondary spine, and small, distal flattened extension. Middle femur tawny striped with ferruginous and ringed with fuscous near proximal and distal ends, hind femur tawny striped with ferruginous ringed with fuscous near distal end. Tibiae fuscous, ringed with tawny near proximal end and at about one-third distance from proximal terminus, tibial spurs and comb castaneous with fuscous tips. Tarsi fuscous, mesotarsus and



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pretarsus tawny proximally, pretarsal claw tawny with fuscous tips. Tawny areas greenish and coxae and trochanter striped with ferruginous in some paratypes. Operculum.—Male operculum ochraceous with fuscous base covered in silvery pile, reaching to anterior margin of sternite II. Lateral margin curved into rounded posterior margin, medial margin rounded not meeting centrally, anteromedial margin straight angled lateral and curving anteriorly at base. Meracanthus ochraceous. Abdomen.—Tergites ferruginous with tawny posterior and green hind margin, lateral tergite 2 and margin to timbal cavity tawny, fuscous spots on lateral tergites 3–7 becoming larger in posterior segments, posterolateral green spot in tergites 3–8 becoming larger in posterior segments, green faded to ochraceous in some paratypes. Timbal cover incomplete exposing timbal anteriorly and dorsally, fuscous with tawny margins. Posterior timbal cavity with straight margin, angled slightly anteriorly, curving to triangular apex of timbal cover. Timbal with four ribs and two spots. Silvery pile dorsally, more dense laterally and in some paratypes. Sternite I tawny, sternite II ochraceous with fuscous posterior margin, sternite III ochraceous, sternite IV ochraceous with transverse lateral fuscous marks, sternite V fuscous with ochraceous posterior, sternite VI fuscous with posterior ochraceous margin, sternite VII fuscous, sternite VIII tawny with elongate triangular fuscous mark on ventral base. Epipleurites fuscous with tawny posterior margin. Silvery pile on sternites, additional longer pile on sternite VIII. Genitalia.—Pygofer tawny basally with fuscous stripe on laterodorsal surface terminating on distal shoulder and lateral surface reaching posterior margin, greenish ochraceous posterolaterally and between fuscous marks, distal shoulder with small angled point dorsally. Dorsal beak absent, anal styles tawny ringed with fuscous. Pygofer upper lobe ochraceous, short, rounded, interior to lateral pygofer. Median uncus lobe short, recurved dorsally forming a V-shaped groove ventrally for tubular castaneous and tawny aedeagus. Lateral uncus lobes longer, flattened distally, bent ventrolaterally at approximate right angle when viewed from side, widest near base, lateral side angled more sharply to rounded apex. Aedeagus castaneous with expanded tawny membrane and castaneous recurved spine at terminus. Measurements (mm).—N = 8, mean (range). Length of body: 12.6 (11.5–13.4); length of forewing: 16.4 (14.6–17.8); width of forewing: 5.7 (5.2–6.2); length of head: male 2.1 (1.9–2.3); width of head including eyes: 4.1 (3.8–4.3); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: 4.8 (4.3–5.5); width of mesonotum: male 4.4 (4.1–4.8). Notes.—Proarna parva sp. n. is from the Yunga and Chaco floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Prasinosoma medialinea Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 4) Prasinosoma medialinea nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 4, 5. 7, Fig. 3, Tables 1–2.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Corrientes / Corrientes ca. airport / 23 Dec. 1986 / J.E. & M.S. Heath & / Al Sanborn Coll.”. PARATYPES: seven male same data as holotype (MSHC); four male “Corrientes / 12.5 km W of Scorza / Cué. 23 Dec. 1986 / J.E. & M.S. Heath & / Al Sanborn Coll.” (three male MSHC, one male AFSC); eight male and one female (AFSC) “Prov. Corrientes / Ruta 12, 12.5 km West of / Scorza Cué / 13 January 1992 / A. Sanborn & P. Ganter Coll.”. Etymology. The species is named for the dark coloration along the dorsum giving the appearance of a medial stripe. Diagnosis.—Prasinosoma medialinea sp. n. is easily differentiated from the other members of the genus by its coloration pattern as it is the only species with significant marking. Prasinosoma fuembuenai Torres, 1963 and P. inconspicua (Distant, 1906) are completely green without obvious markings and P. heidemanni (Distant, 1905) is green with a transverse black mark across the head. Description Coloration.—Ground color of head and thorax green marked with tawny, fuscous and piceous; abdomen tawny marked with fuscous.


SANBORN & HEATH

FIGURE 4. Prasinosoma medialinea Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal cover. (D) Holotype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Holotype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Holotype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 2 mm, and C–I = 1 mm.



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Head.—Head about 1.07X as wide as mesonotum, green with transverse piceous mark between eyes with fuscous lateral ends through lateral ocelli. Mark extends anteriorly to encompass median ocellus reaching frontoclypeal suture on midline, spot on posterior head between posterior cranial depression and eye green. Anterior extension of mark varies from reaching the posterior half of the median ocellus to reaching entire transverse frontoclypeal suture in paratypes, fuscous only medial to lateral ocelli in some paratypes, fuscous spot on medial supra-antennal plate in some paratypes. Head tawny posterior to eye. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes golden. Long silvery pile posterior to eye and on ventral head, dorsum covered with short silvery pile and ventral pile more dense in some paratypes. Postclypeus fuscous centrally, ventral lateral surfaces and posterior ventral margin tawny, medial green line from frontoclypeal suture to ventral apex surrounded by piceous near apex, rounded anteriorly, centrally sulcate with 10 transverse grooves and silvery pile laterally. Anteclypeus fuscous with medial anterior margin tawny covered with silvery pile. Proximal half of rostrum greenish tawny becoming fuscous with piceous tip, reaching to posterior hind coxae. Gena tawny with central piceous spot that extends laterally to margin of eye. Lorum fuscous. Antennae fuscous except tawny annulus on distal scape. Thorax.—Pronotum green with medial fuscous mark that expands anteriorly and slightly posteriorly, lighter at level of medial paramedial fissures, small piceous spots in ambient fissure on either side of midline, fuscous lateral ambient fissure and fuscous mark on anterior of pronotal collar lateral angle, slightly tawny within paramedian and lateral fissures. Piceous marks in ambient fissure fuse, markings in paramedial and lateral fissures darken, central marking reduced and light fuscous marks on disc in some paratypes. Mesonotum tawny, green laterally, submedian sigilla fuscous, lateral sigilla fuscous anteriorly spotted with fuscous posteriorly, central fuscous stripe terminating anterior to cruciform elevation, marks reduced or lightened in some paratypes. Scutal depression and transverse mark across anterior arm of cruciform elevation piceous. Silvery pile laterally, posteriorly, between anterior arms of cruciform elevation and lateral cruciform elevation, short silvery pile on disc in some paratypes. Wing groove tawny with long white pile. Metanotum tawny posteriorly, piceous anteriorly, with long white pile posteriorly. Ventral thoracic plates tawny, except greenish episternum 2 and fuscous basisternum 2, central spot in katepimeron 2 and medial episternum 3, meron 2 darker in some paratypes. Venter covered with dense silvery pile. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Venation green becoming testaceous distally except tawny subcostal vein past node. Piceous spot on arculus along radial cell and middle of anterior basal cell vein, infuscation on radial and radiomedial crossveins. Basal cell clouded with tawny. Basal membrane gray. Hind wing venation greenish except ochraceous median vein, testaceous radius posterior, and radius anterior, venation all green in some paratypes. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2, base of cubital cell 2 and base of medial cell grayish. Legs.—Fuscous marked with green and tawny. Fore coxae with green angles, coxae tawny medially and distally. Trochanter tawny medially and posteriorly. Fore femur fuscous with lateal green stripes expanding centrally, primary spine against femur, larger, upright secondary spine, and very small tertiary spine, spines fuscous on fuscous ridge. Middle and hind tibiae fuscous anteriorly, tawny posteriorly and distally. Fore tibiae fuscous, distal middle tibiae, and distal end of hind tibiae fuscous, proximal areas green in middle and hind tibiae, tibial spurs and combs castaneous with tawny base. Tarsi fuscous. Pretarsal claw fuscous with piceous tips. Operculum.—Male operculum tawny with fuscous spot on medial and lateral base and region against meracanthus, not reaching posterior margin tympanal cavity. Lateral margin straight, slightly angled medaid, posterior margin curved, medial margin rounded, medial margins not touching, anteromedial margin angled laterally then sharply medially to base at level of medial meracanthus. Meracanthus ochraceous with fuscous spot on anterior base. Operculum covered with silvery pile. Female operculum with angled lateral margin, posterior margin slightly curved to base, reaching to anterior of sternite II posteriorly and lateral meracanthus medially. Meracantus ochraceous with fuscous spot on base, longer than operculum. Abdomen.—Dorsal tergites tawny, lighter anteriorly, marked with green laterally and fuscous medially. Tergite 1 tawny with fuscous lateral spots and green posterior margin. Tergite 2 tawny with green dorsolateral surface. Tergites 3–7 tawny with fuscous medial mark, tergite 8 tawny, female tergite 8 with fuscous medial mark, tergites 7 and 8 with green posterior margin. Timbal with 3 ribs. Tergites covered with silvery pile, more dense laterally, black pile on fuscous medial spots on tergites 3–7. Sternite I ochraceous with anteromedial fuscous spot, sternite II tawny with fuscous posterior margin, sternites III–VIII and epipleurites tawny. Silvery pile on lateral sternites, long golden pile on posterior sternite VIII. Sternites with reduced fuscous area between sternites II and III and white pubescense laterally in some paratypes.


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Male genitalia.—Pygofer tawny dorsolaterally, fuscous dorsally with green on dorsal shoulder. Distal shoulder rounded, upper pygofer lobe very small smooth transition to posterior margin of pygofer. Dorsal beak absent, anal styles tawny. Median uncus lobes recurved dorsally. Lateral uncus lobes longer, median margin rolled laterally and bent ventrolaterally, approximate right angle when viewed from side, expanding then constricting to point at terminus. Aedeagus castaneous with tawny membrane and castaneous semi-circular hook on terminus. Female genitalia.—Sternite VII tawny, dark tawny lateral spots, posterior margin with medial notch, lateral posterior margins rounded. Abdominal segment 9 tawny dorsally with posterior fuscous spot and lateal fuscous spot, green dorsolateral posterior spot, ochraceous ventrally, covered with silvery pile. Ochraceous region may have faded from green. Anal styles tawny, dorsal beak absent. Gonocoxite IX tawny. Gonapophysis VII and X dark tawny with fuscous tip, long golden pile on gonapophysis X. Ovipositor sheath extending to level of abdominal segment 9 dorsum. Measurements (mm).—N = 20 males or 1 female, mean (range). Length of body: male 13.0 (12.3–13.9), female 13.5; length of forewing: male 16.2 (15.0–17.4), female 17.4; width of forewing: male 5.6 (5.4–6.0), female 5.4; length of head: male 2.2 (2.1–2.3), female 2.1; width of head including eyes: male 4.5 (4.3–4.8), female 4.3; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 4.8 (4.4–5.2), female 4.8; width of mesonotum: male 4.2 (3.9–4.4), female 4.0. Notes.—Prasinosoma medialinea sp. n. is from the transitional grasslands of the western Paranense and eastern Chaco floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Dorisiana noriegai Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 5) Dorisiana noriegai nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 4, 5, 7, Fig. 3, Table 1.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Misiones / Dto. Apóstoles / Azara. 5 Jan. 1988 / Heath-Sanborn-/ Noriega Coll.”. PARATYPES: seven male and two female same data as holotype (five male and one female MSHC, three male and one female AFSC); one male (MSHC) “Misiones / Dto. Capital / Posadas. 6 Jan. 1988 / Heath-Sanborn-Noriega / Coll. EX: Sycamore; one male and one female (AFSC) “BOLIVIA: Departmento de Santa Cruz / Provincia Cordillera, Charagua / 19o 47’ 24.65”S 63o 11’ 48.25”W / Altitude 790m, 30-XI-2001 / G. Navarro coll.” Etymology. The species is named in honor of our long time colleague in Argentine cicada research, Fernando G. Noriega. Diagnosis.—The unique genitalia of the male quickly distinguish the species as new. The lack of infuscations on the forewings and/or abdominal markings that form an arch-like pattern distinguishes this species from D. toulgoueti Boulard & Martinelli, 2011, D. panamensis (Davis, 1939) and D. crassa Boulard, 1998, D. christinae Boulard & Martinelli, 2011, D. viridifemur (Walker, 1850), and D. beniensis Boulard & Martinelli, 2011. The mesothoracic markings of the new species are absent in D. bicolor (Olivier, 1790) and D. glauca (Goding, 1925). The new species lacks the black anterior margin of the mesothorax, ground color scutal depression, and partially hyaline basal cell of the forewing in D. sutori Sueur, 2000; the black only around the ocelli on the head and a black marking along the wing groove of D. amoena (Distant, 1899); and the black submedial and lateral sigillae of D. drewseni (Stål, 1854) and D. bogotana (Distant, 1899). The remaining species found in Argentina are more similar in general appearance. The new species can be distinguished from D. semilata (Walker, 1850) by the lack of marking on the lateral and submedian sigillae and along the anterior of the mesothorax, the sinuate posterior margin of the male operculum, the lack of black pile producing a striped appearance on the abdominal tergites, and the horn-like appearance of the genitalia of the new species. The new species can be distinguished from D. metcalfi Sanborn & Heath nom. nov. pro D. viridis (Olivier, 1790) by the distinct spots on the posterior head and posterior to the eye, the marks along the parapsidal suture, the timbal cover with straight ventral margin, the sinuate posterior opercular margin, the lack of black pile on the abdominal tergites, the two lateral, horn-like extensions of the uncus, the basal pygofer lobe is short, abdominal segment 9 of the female is marked with fuscous, the dorsal beak extends beyond the anal styles, and the ovipositor extends slightly beyond the dorsal beak in the new species.



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FIGURE 5. Dorisiana noriegai Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal cover. (D) Paratype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Holotype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Holotype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B–E = 2 mm, and F–I = 1 mm.


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Description Coloration.—Ground color of head and thorax green marked with piceous; abdomen tawny. Coloration fades to brownish ochraceous with time. Head.—Head about 1.15X as wide as mesonotum with transverse piceous fascia through ocelli, fascia incomplete between lateral ocelli and eye, continuing along anterior margin of eye. Supra-antennal plate piceous except lateral corner. Vertex with small piceous spot in posterior cranial depression and piceous posterior to eye. Ocelli rosaceous or golden, eyes dark green. Long white pile posterior to eye and on ventral head, short white pile along frontoclypeal suture in some paratypes. Postclypeus brownish ochraceous with piceous dorsal surface, rounded anteriorly, centrally sulcate with 11 transverse grooves and white pile laterally, within lateral transverse grooves, and within central sulcus. Central sulcus piceous ventrally, mark extending laterally into medial transverse grooves. Anteclypeus brownish ochraceous medially, piceous laterally. Rostrum greenish ochraceous with piceous tip reaching to sternite II. Gena brownish ochraceous, transverse piceous mark between left eye and postclypeus in holotype, small transverse piceous marks in two paratypes all other genae green without marking. Lorum piceous. Antennal segments piceous except tawny annulus on distal scape. Thorax.—Pronotum brownish ochraceous with transverse piceous line behind brownish ochraceous anterior margin, narrowed medially, expanding into anterior portion of paramedian and lateral fissures and expanding laterally onto anterior quarter of disc between lateral and ambient fissures and onto medial portion of pronotal collar lateral margin. Tawny mark in lateral and central paramedian fissures, mark extends to ambient fissure in some paratypes. Transverse mark in ambient fissure across midline. Pronotal collar brownish ochraceous. White pile in paramedian, lateral and ambient fissures in some paratypes. Mesonotum brownish ochraceous with piceous anterior submedian sigilla, mark continues along parapsidal suture before expanding to cover posterior submedian sigilla, remaining submedian sigilla greenish tawny. Lateral sigilla piceous anteriorly, remaining portion greenish tawny. Scutal depression piceous. Marking reduced in some paratypes. Piceous spot on anterior wing groove. Long white pile laterally and between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, pile very thick to absent in paratypes. White pile at anterior paramedian fissure and black pile between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, shorter pile along anterior margin and parapsidal sutures in some paratypes. Metanotum brownish ochraceous, Ventral thoracic plates brownish ochraceous except piceous medial basisternum 2 and lateral spot on basisternum 3. Venter covered with white pruinosity and white pile. Forewing and hind wing.—Hyaline. Forewing venation green at base becoming fuscous past node except tawny anal vein 2 + 3, green faded to tawny in some paratypes, small piceous spot at base of cubitus posterior + anal vein 1. Basal cell semitransparent tawny. Infuscation in proximal clavus. Basal membrane gray and orange. Hind wing venation similarly colored to forewing except for tawny median vein and cubitus posterior. Vanal fold, anal cell 3 along anal vein 3, anal cell 2 along anal vein 3 and proximal half of anal vein 2, anal cell 1 along proximal half of anal vein 2, cubital cell 2 along proximal cubitus posterior, and base of radial cell and costal cell orange and gray. Infuscation in base of cells between cubital cell 1 and anal cell 2. Legs.—Coxae, trochanter, femora and proximal tibiae green, distal tibiae and tarsi tawny. Fuscous marks at proximal and distal articulations of trochanter. Fore femora with primary spine parallel to femur, larger, upright secondary spine, and very small, slightly oblique distal spine, spines greenish tawny along fuscous ridge. Tibial spurs and comb tawny with fuscous tips. Pretarsal claw tawny with fuscous tips. Coxae, trochanter and femora with white pruinosity, more dense in some paratypes. Operculum.—Male operculum ochraceous, fuscous anteriorly almost to medial margin, barely covering tympanal cavity. Lateral margin angled medially at midpoint, posterolateral margin smoothly rounded to sinuate posterior margin, medial margin rounded, opercula not meeting medially. Meracanthus ochraceous with fuscous base and tip, amount of fuscous varies in paratypes. Operculum covered with white pruinosity, more dense at base. Female operculum and meracantus similar to male in coloration, lateral margin straight, smoothly rounded posterolateral margin and curved posterior margin, medial margin extending to middle of meracanthus, posterior margin not reaching posterior of sternite II. Abdomen.—Dorsal tergites 1–6 brownish ochraceous with tawny hind margins, tergites 2–8 tawny anterolaterally laterally, proportion increasing in posterior tergites, tergites 7 and 8 tawny. Anterior margin of tergite 2 piceous between timbal cavities. Long white pile laterally and on posterior margin. Timbal cover brownish ochraceous, incomplete, dorsolateral margin curved, rounded apex pointed anteroventrally and straight ventral margin, covered with white pile laterally. Black pile on tergites 3–8, more dense medially and spreading laterally in



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posterior tergites, more dense in some paratypes. Sternites tawny, sternites III–VI semitransparent. Female sternites marked transversely with fuscous along midline. Sternite VII tawny with depression in posterior margin. White pubescense on anterolateral sternites, epipleurites and spiracles, more dense in paratypes. Male sternite VIII tawny with golden pile. Male genitalia.—Pygofer tawny with fuscous mark on posterior margin between distal shoulder and basal lobe, dorsal beak absent, anal styles ochraceous. Pygofer basal lobe bent mediad, medial margin pointed, fuscous dorsally. Long golden pile on distal lateral surface and interior pygofer surface. Median uncus lobe short, bent dorsally. Lateral uncus lobes recurved laterally terminating in a sharp point. Aedeagus castaneous with tawny membrane and laterally oriented fuscous spike at terminus. Female genitalia.—Sternite VII with fuscous arch across midline and fuscous spots on posterolateral area, posterior margin with medial notch, lateral posterior margins rounded. Abdominal segment 9 tawny dorsomedially, posteriorly, on anterolateral half and along anteroventral margin, remainder fuscous. Long, golden pile on dorsal and proximal lateral surface. Anal styles ochraceous, not as long as dorsal beak. Gonocoxite IX tawny, ovipositor sheath piceous with long golden pile near tip. Ovipositor sheath extending slightly beyond tip of dorsal beak. Measurements (mm).—N = 9 males or 3 females, mean (range). Length of body: male 24.5 (22.9–25.7), female 24.4 (23.4–25.0); length of forewing: male 37.0 (35.9–38.0), female 37.1 (35.5–37.9); width of forewing: male 11.5 (11.1–12.15), female 11.8 (11.7–12.0); length of head: male 3.6 (3.4–3.7), female 3.7 (3.7–3.8); width of head including eyes: male 9.9 (9.6–10.2), female 10.0 (9.9–10.2); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 10.0 (9.3–10.3), female 10.1 (9.8–10.3); width of mesonotum: male 8.5 (8.2–8.8), female 8.9 (8.7–9.0). Notes.—Dorisiana noriegai sp. n. is from the understory vegetation in the Paranense floristic province in Argentina (Sanborn et al., 2011a) and the xeric deciduous pre-Andean Chaco forest in the transition to subhumid Bolivian-Tucuman Yungas in Bolivia (G. Navarro, in litt. 16-II-2012).

Guyalna platyrhina Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 6) Guyalna platyrhina nom. nud. Sanborn et al., 2011a, p. 4–7, Fig. 3, Tables 1–2, Table 5.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Misiones / Dto. Candelaria / Santa Ana. 6-I-1988 / Heath-Sanborn-/ Noriega Coll.”. PARATYPES: one male and three female (MSHC) same data as holotype; two male (MSHC) “Misiones / Dto. Apóstoles / 10 km So. San Jose / 5 Jan. 1988. Heath-/ Sanborn-Noriega Coll.”; two male (MSHC) “Corrientes / Dto. Ituzaingo. Ruta 12 / 3 km E. of Ruta 38 / 7 Jan. 1988 / Heath-/ Sanborn-Noriega Coll.”. Etymology. The species is named for its flattened ventral postclypeus that differentiates it from G. cuta (Walker, 1850). Diagnosis.—Guyalna platyrhina sp. n. is the smallest of the Guyalna species with G. bonaerensis (Berg, 1879), G. chlorogena (Walker, 1850) and G. rufapicalis Boulard, 1988 all being much larger species with body lengths greater than 25 mm. Guyalna nigra Boulard, 1999 and G. cuta (Walker, 1850) are slightly larger species. Guyalna nigra is piceous and testaceous rather than green. The new species is most similar in general appearance to G. cuta but G. platyrhina sp. n. is smaller, has a more truncate postclypeus when viewed dorsally or flattened postclypeus when viewed laterally, the posterior margin of the female operculum is straight instead of curved, the male genitalia have a large dorsal extension of the median uncus lobes, the lateral uncus lobes are rounded ventrally in the new species rather than the median uncus lobes extending only as long as lateral uncus lobes in G. cuta, and both lateral and median uncus lobes recurve. Description Coloration.—Ground color green marked with fuscous and piceous. Head.—Head about 1.16X as wide as mesonotum, greenish tawny with transverse piceous fascia between eyes, incomplete in some paratypes. Fascia expanding anteriorly onto vertex between lateral supra-antennal plates to frontoclypeal suture and posteriorly to enclose lateral ocelli. Mark continues posteriorly connecting to piceous region posterior to eye and anteriorly along margin of eye join with transverse piceous stripe on anterior half of gena, piceous spots on medial supra-antennal plate. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes dark golden. Short white pile along


SANBORN & HEATH

frontoclypeal suture, long white pile posterior to eye. Postclypeus tawny with transverse green band across apex, rounded anteriorly, flattened on ventral surface, centrally sulcate on ventral suface with 10 transverse grooves, white pile dorsally, laterally, and within transverse grooves. Postclypeus piceous along medial frontoclypeal suture and in four transverse grooves around apex, fuscous in remaining transverse grooves except most posterior ventral groove; posterolateral, fuscous marks fuse along midline leaving a green elongate medial mark near apex. Anterior four transverse ridges green, posterior eight transverse ridges tawny. In some paratypes the marking is reduced in posterior postclypeus or absent ventrally while green replaces tawny. Anteclypeus fuscous with tawny midline. Mentum greenish tawny, labium greenish tawny in proximal third, fuscous in middle third and piceous in distal third reaching to sternite II. Gena with piceous stripe anteriorly, greenish posteriorly. Lorum green anteriorly, fuscous posteriorly. Lorum and posterior gena with long white pile, shorter while pile on anterior gena. Scape green, remaining antennal segments piceous. Thorax.—Pronotum green marked with piceous nearly triangular mark on either side of midline from posterior to anterior margin. Piceous paramedian fissure extending anteromedially onto disc and posteriorly to form triangular mark on either side of posterior midline, fusing in ambient fissure, posterior longitudinal extension from middle of paramedian fissure curving laterad and expanding on disc. Piceous anterior lateral disc the anterior, ambient fissure piceous, lateral fissures tawny. Pronotal collar greenish tawny, piceous spot across posterior lateral part of pronotal collar and along outer margin of lateral angle. Silvery pile in anterior paramedian fissure, black pile radiating from lateral margin of lateral part of pronotal collar. Mesonotum greenish, tawny along parapsidal suture and anteriorly between submedian sigillae. Submedian sigilla and lateral sigilla piceous, lateral sigilla with fuscous mediocentral region, lateral sigilla mark reduced to piceous anterior margin and posterior spot or completely tawny in some paratypes. Piceous medial mark beginning between posterior submedian sigillae, broadening then constricting at level of scutal depressions before broadening to cover the anterior surface of the cruciform elevation and anterior arms of the cruciform elevation. Scutal depressions piceous. Posterior half of lateral mesonotum piceous, expands to fuse with lateral sigillae mark in one paratype. Short silvery pile along anterior margin and in depression between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, longer silvery pile laterally and posteriorly on mesonotum, longer pile between lateral arms of cruciform elevation in some paratypes. Short black pile on lateroanterior margin. Wing groove green with long silvery pile, metanotum fuscous with shorter black pile. Ventral thoracic plates tawny except green anepisternum 2 with lateral piceous spot, piceous basisternum 2, piceous anterior and lateral episternum 3. Venter covered with dense, long, white pile and white pruinosity. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Forewing venation green proximally, fading to ochraceous in some paratypes, becoming piceous distally, with fuscous stripe on basal costa and piceous anterior in proximal radius + subcostal vein, tawny with fuscous posterior in proximal half of anal vein 2 + 3, and piceous spot at base. Costal margin with small black spines on anterior margin. Basal cell hyaline except tawny margin along radius + subcostal vein. Basal membrane grayish fuscous. Hind wing venation green proximally, fuscous distally except tawny cubitus posterior with piceous base and piceous anal vein 3. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2, cubital cell 2 along proximal half of cubitus posterior, grayish fuscous distally margined with infuscation. Base of costal cell white and orange. Infuscation in base of cubital cell 2 and posterior base of medial cell. Legs.—Coxae green with lateral fuscous mark at base. Trochanter greenish tawny with anterior fuscous spot. Femora greenish tawny with longitudinal fuscous stripes joining anteriorly and posteriorly forming green ovals laterally. Fore femur with oblique primary spine, larger, upright secondary spine, and very small, upright tertiary spine, spines green, ridge fuscous between primary and secondary spines. Tibiae tawny, greenish in some paratypes, with green distal ends, tibial spurs and comb cataneous. Tarsi tawny with fuscous distal pretarsus, pretarsal claw tawny with fuscous tips. Legs with white pubescense. Operculum.—Male operculum greenish tawny, fuscous anteriorly and laterally, not reaching posterior margin of sternite II or each other medially. Lateral margin straight, posterolateral angle approximate right angle, posterior margin straight bent ventrally in middle, medial margin rounded, anteromedial margin straight curving at right angel to base. Meracanthus greenish with fuscous base. Operculum covered with silvery pile and white pruinosity, more dense at base, short black spines on dorsal surface visible from posterior. Female operculum and meracanthus similar in shape and coloration to male, medial margin of operculum reaching to lateral meracanthus and posteriorly to middle of sternite II, meracanthus extends to anterior sternite III.



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FIGURE 6. Guyalna platyrhina Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal cover. (D) Holotype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Holotype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Holotype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B–E = 2 mm, and F–I = 1 mm.


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Abdomen.—Dorsal tergites piceous anteromedially, tawny posteriorly and fuscous laterally, tergites 7 and 8 with posterior green margin. Tergite 2 with piceous anteromedial opening to timbal cavity, angled anteriorly to approximate right angle and rounded timbal cover with straight ventral margin. Timbal cover incomplete exposing timbal dorsally. Timbal with two visible ribs. Tergites covered with black and golden pile dorsally, silvery pile dorsolaterally, and golden pile laterally, long white pile on tergites 7 and 8. Sternites tawny, fuscous lateral sternite II, posterior sternite VII, and medial sternite VIII, medial posterior margin of sternite VII piceous. Sternites III–VI semitransparent. Spiracles white, white pruinosity on lateral sternites. Silvery and black pile on sternites, longer sternite VIII. Male genitalia.—Pygofer tawny, green laterally, fuscous mark on anterior distal shoulder and posterior margin to pygofer upper lobe, dorsal beak absent, anal styles fuscous ringed with green. Pygofer upper lobe bent mediad, medial side tapering to lateral point. Median uncus lobe tawny, curved dorsally with rounded terminus forming an arch. Lateral uncus lobes folded laterad under median uncus lobes, anterior and posterior margin smoothly rounded, posterior margin angled, tawny with fuscous margin. Aedeagus tubular, castaneous with tawny membrane and bulbous terminus. Female genitalia.—Sternite VII tawny, fuscous medially with lateral posterior margin piceous, posterior margin with medial notch, lateral posterior margins rounded. Abdominal segment 9 tawny with fuscous dorsoanteromedially and ventroposteriorly, green anterolaterally and posterodorsolaterally, fuscous along ventral margin, with piceous dorsal beak. Long, white pile on dorsal and proximal lateral surface. Anal styles fuscous, not as long as dorsal beak. Gonapophysis VIII and X fuscous, ovipositor sheath piceous with long golden pile. Ovipositor sheath extending to level of anal styles. Measurements (mm).—N = 6 males or 3 females, mean (range). Length of body: male 15.3 (13.5–17.3), female 15.1 (14.8–15.7); length of forewing: male 21.6 (18.9–24.1), female 22.0 (20.2–23.8); width of forewing: male 6.9 (5.9–7.7), female 7.0 (6.8–7.5); length of head: male 2.3 (2.1–2.4), female 2.3 (2.2–2.4); width of head including eyes: male 6.6 (5.9–7.0), female 6.7 (6.5–6.9); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 6.3 (5.3–7.0), female 6.2; width of mesonotum: male 5.6 (4.9–6.0), female 5.8 (5.6–6.0). Notes.—Guyalna platyrhina sp. n. is distributed in the Yunga, Paranense, Chaco and Espinal floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Herrera humilastrata Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 7) Herrera humilastrata nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 4–7, Fig. 3, Table 1.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Salta / Dto. La Caldera / Vaqueros. 13–I–1988 / J.E. & M.S. Heath—Al / Sanborn & F.G. Noriega Coll.”. PARATYPES: five male same data as holotype (three male MSHC, two male AFSC); two male (MSHC) “Tucuman / Dto. Lules, 9 km. E. / of Villa Nougues / 18 Jan. 1988. Heath-/ Sanborn-Noriega Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Salta / Dto. La Caldera / La Calderilla / 13 Jan. 1988 / Al Sanborn Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Salta / Cerillos / 3 Jan. 1987 / Al Sanborn & / J.E. Heath Coll.”; one male and one female “Salta / Ruta 68 & Rio Pulares / 1 km No. of El Carril / 16 Jan. 1988. Heath-/ Sanborn-Noriega Coll.” (one female MSHC, one male AFSC); four male “Jujuy / San Salvador de / Jujuy. 2 Jan. 1987. / F. Noriega Coll.” (three male MSHC, one male AFSC); eight male and one female (MSHC) “Jujuy / San Salvador de / Jujuy. 2 Jan. 1987. / Al Sanborn Coll.”; three male (MSHC) “Salta / 1 km So. of El Allisal / 20 December 1986 / Al Sanborn Coll.”; two male and one female (MSHC) “Salta / 1 km So. of El Allisal / 20 December 1986 / F. Noriega Coll.”. Etymology. The species is named for the understory microenvironment used by the species. The microenvironment used is the lowest layer or stratum of the Yunga forest environment. Diagnosis.—Herrera humilastrata sp. n. can be differentiated from H. ancilla (Stål, 1864), H. coyamensis Sanborn, 2007, H. infuscata Sanborn, 2009, and H. umbraphila sp. n. by the dorsal thoracic markings which are absent in these species. Herrera humilastrata sp. n. can be differentiated from H. lugubrina compostelensis Davis, 1938 by the green posterior margin of the abdominal tergites and the number of timbal ribs (10 vs. six). Finally, H. lugubrina lugubrina (Stål, 1864) and H. laticapitata Davis, 1938 are primarily black species.



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FIGURE 7. Herrera humilastrata Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal. (D) Paratype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Paratype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Paratype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 2 mm, and C–I = 1 mm.


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Description Coloration.—There are two morphs in this species. The primary ground color is tawny marked with piceous. The holotype is from the darker primary morph. The light morph is tawny with very few markings. The two morphs were collected in the same locations on the same days and did not appear to differ in their biology. We consider them to be color variants of the same species not warranting subspecific status. Head.—About as wide as mesonotum (about 0.99X), piceous except tawny lateral vertex between eye and supra-antennal plate, posterior epicranial suture and medial posterior margin. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes dark green. Silvery pile on dorsal head and longer pile posterior to eye and on ventral head. Postclypeus greenish tawny, rounded anteriorly, centrally sulcate with 10 transverse grooves and silvery pile laterally. Curved fuscous mark on dorsal surface arching from angle of frontoclypeal suture, medial fuscous marks in middle six transverse grooves. Anteclypeus fuscous with green anterior margin and anterior midline, covered with silvery pile laterally. Rostrum greenish tawny with piceous tip, not reaching to posterior coxae. Gena piceous. Lorum piceous, green anteriorly along gena. Antennae fuscous except tawny distal scape and proximal pedicel. Head completely tawny except small medial fuscous marks on either side of anteclypeus midline. Thorax.—Pronotum greenish tawny, piceous marks in paramedian fissures extending to fuse at midline in ambient fissure, lateral fissures, anteriorly between paramedian and lateral fissures, ambient fissure between midline and lateral fissures and anterolaterally and centrally on lateral disc. Silvery pile in fissures, expanding onto disc in some paratypes. Light morph with marks in paramedian and lateral fissures, other marks reduced or absent. Mesonotum tawny, submedian sigilla piceous, lateral sigilla broken fuscous, fuscous spot on anterolateral disc, square fuscous mark on disc extending onto medial anterior cruciform elevation, between anterior arms of cruciform elevation enclosing scutal depressions and terminating posterior to submedian sigillae. Cruciform elevation greenish tawny. Wing groove fuscous. Long silvery pile laterally, between anterior arms of cruciform elevation and in wing groove. Metanotum tawny posteriorly, piceous anteriorly, with long silvery pile. Area with markings slightly darker than tawny ground color in light morph. Ventral thoracic plates tawny except fuscous basisternum 2, outer margins of trochantin 2, medial katepisternum 2, meron 2, medial margin of katepimeron 2, basisternum 3, medial and posterior notch of episternum 3 and trochantin 3, completely tawny in light morph. Venter covered with dense, silvery pile. Forewing and hind wing.—Hyaline. Forewing venation greenish tawny becoming testaceous distally except piceous basal half of posterior margin of testaceous anal vein 2 + 3 and anterior cubitus posterior + anal vein 1 and small piceous spot at base. Basal cell hyaline. Basal membrane gray and green. Hind wing venation ochraceous becoming fuscous distally except green cubitus anterior. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, cubital cell 2 along cubitus posterior, and base of medial cell grayish tawny. Green faded to ochraceous in some paratypes, venation completely ochraceous in light morph. Legs.—Greenish tawny, tawny areas green in some paratypes. Coxae, trochanter and femora striped with fuscous, less in middle trochanter. Fore femora with oblique primary spine, less oblique secondary spine, tertiary spine most oblique and small, oblique distal spine on fuscous ridge. Spines fuscous and piceous, decreasing in size distally. Fore tibiae tawny with green base, middle and hind tibiae green distally tawny, hind tibiae green, tibial spurs and combs tawny with fuscous tips. Tarsi tawny, darker in foreleg. Pretarsal claw tawny with fuscous tips. Legs tawny with fuscous tips to fore femora spines, tibial spurs and tibial combs in light morph. Operculum.—Male operculum ochraceous with fuscous spots on medial and lateral base, not reaching posterior margin of sternite II. Lateral margin angled mediad, posterior margin curved, medial margin rounded, medial margins not touching, anteromedial margin curved to base. Meracanthus ochraceous with fuscous base, reaching beyond anteromedial margin of operculum. Female operculum ochraceous with fuscous lateral spot on base, angled lateral margin, straight posterior margin, medial margin rounded near base, reaching to anterior of sternite II posteriorly and lateral meracanthus medially covered with silvery pile. Meracanthus ochraceous with small fuscous spot on base, slightly longer than operculum. Operculum and posterior meracanthus covered with silvery pile which also radiates from opercular margin. Abdomen.—Dorsal tergites fuscous with green posterior margin and piceous auditory capsule, fuscous replaced with tawny in some paratypes. Tergites covered with silvery pile, more dense laterally. Timbal with 10 ribs. Sternite I piceous, sternite II ochraceous except piceous medially, sternites III and IV piceous medially, tawny laterally, sternite V–VII piceous, sternite VIII fuscous. Female sternites tawny laterally with medial fuscous stripe. Epipleurites with green posterior margin, epipleurite 3 tawny, epipleurites 4–6 tawny anteriorly, fuscous posteriorly, the proportion of fuscous increasing in posterior segments, epipleurite 7 fuscous. Silvery pile on SANBORN & HEATH; ARGENTINE CICADAS


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sternites, long golden pile on sternite VIII. Light morph segment tawny with green posterior tergite margins. Male genitalia.—Pygofer fuscous with posterolateral greenish tawny spot, lateral area with greater proportion of tawny in some paratypes. Dorsal beak fuscous, anal styles ochraceous not extending to end of dorsal beak. Pygofer upper lobe folded medially, pygofer basal lobe small, rounded, bent medially. Long golden pile radiating medially inside pygofer. Uncus lobes very small. Claspers with broad base, thinning and bending at a right angle before producing posterior curved spinous process, anterior portion flat with terminus bifurcating into two spinelike processes. Aedeagus tubular with partially flattened terminus, castaneous. Female genitalia.—Sternite VII piceous medially, tawny laterally with long silvery pile laterally, posterior margin with deep medial notch, lateral margins of notch extend beyond curving lateral posterior margins. Abdominal segment 9 fuscous with longitudinal greenish tawny stripe not reaching posterior margin, covered with silvery pile. Anal styles fuscous, not as long as dorsal beak. Dorsal beak bent dorsally. Gonocoxite IX light fuscous. Gonapophysis VII castaneous. Gonapophysis X dark fuscous with long golden pile. Ovipositor sheath extending to level of abdominal segment 9 dorsum. Measurements (mm).—N = 27 males or 4 females, mean (range). Length of body: male 12.5 (10.8–13.4), female 14.7 (13.7–15.1); length of forewing: male 16.7 (14.8–18.0), female 18.2 (17.0–19.0); width of forewing: male 5.8 (5.0–6.4), female 6.5 (6.2–6.7); length of head: male 1.4 (1.3–1.6), female 1.65 (1.6–1.7); width of head including eyes: male 4.3 (3.8–4.6), female 4.58 (4.5–4.7); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 4.9 (4.5–5.4), female 5.38 (5.2–5.7); width of mesonotum: male 4.4 (4.0–4.6), female 4.9 (4.6–5.4). Notes.—Herrera humilastrata sp. n. is from the understory vegetation in the Yunga floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). The species has been shown to have unique thermal adaptations to the understory environment (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Herrera umbraphila Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 8) Herrera umbraphila nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 1, 4–7, 9–11, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Table 1, Table 7.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Salta / Dto. La Capital / Salta. 13 Jan. 1988 / Heath-Sanborn-/ Noriega Coll.”. PARATYPES: five male and two female same data as holotype (three male and one female MSHC, two male and one female AFSC); two male (one male MSHC, one male AFSC) “Salta / Ciudad Salta / 12 Jan. 1988 / Heath-Sanborn-/ Noriega Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Salta / Dto. La Caldera / Ruta 9 & Rd 11 to Grl / Guemes. 13–I–1988 / Al Sanborn Coll.”; one female (MSHC) “Salta / Ruta 68 & Rio Pulares / 1 km No. of El Carril / 16 Jan. 1988. Heath-/ Sanborn-Noriega Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Salta / Yatasto / 17 Jan. 1988 / HeathSanborn-/ Noriega Coll.”; two male (MSHC) “Salta / Ruta 9–16 km No. of / Prov. Tucuman / 17 Jan. 1988. Heath/ Sanborn-Noriega Coll.”. Etymology. The species is named for the deep shade environment within the tropical forest that the species inhabits. Diagnosis.—Herrera umbraphila sp. n. can be differentiated from H. humilastrata sp. n. and H. lugubrina compostelensis by the dorsal thoracic markings present in these species. Both H. coyamensis and H. infuscata are castaneous colored species and H. lugubrina lugubrina and H. laticapitata are primarily black species instead of the green and tawny coloration found in H. umbraphila sp. n. The most similar species to H. umbraphila sp. n. in coloration pattern is H. ancilla, but H. ancilla is smaller (about 11.5 mm vs. 13 mm), the abdomen is darker, there are fewer timbal ribs (five vs. 11 ribs), and the male operculum is a finger-like projection rather than a plate-like extension. Description Coloration.—Ground color of head and thorax green; abdomen tawny. Head.—Slightly wider than mesonotum (about 1.06X) with transverse piceous mark through lateral ocelli between eyes, extending anteriorly to encompass median ocellus, not reaching frontoclypeal suture, epicranial sutures and spot on posterior head between posterior cranial depression and eye green, anterior extension of mark varies from reaching the posterior half of the median ocellus to reaching the frontoclypeal suture in paratypes. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes dark green. Silvery pile posterior to eye and on ventral head. Postclypeus green, rounded anteriorly, centrally sulcate with 10 transverse grooves and silvery pile laterally. Anteclypeus green with silvery


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pile. Rostrum green with piceous tip, reaching to posterior coxae. Gena green. Lorum green with tawny spot near junction of postclypeus and anteclypeus. Scape green, proximal pedicel tawny, remaining antennal segments fuscous. Thorax.—Green to tawny with almost no marks or with very few markings. Pronotum with fuscous marks in ambient fissure on midline and on lateral margin of lateral portion of pronotal collar. Mesonotum green, scutal depressions light tawny, silvery pile laterally. Submedian and lateral sigillae faded to light tawny in some paratypes. Wing groove tawny. Metanotum tawny posteriorly, piceous anteriorly. Ventral thoracic plates greenish ochraceous becoming ochracous on posterior thorax except tawny spot on posterior katepisternum 2 and posterior episternum 3, episternum 3 spot absent in some paratypes. Venter covered with dense, long, silvery pile. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Venation green becoming testaceous distally except piceous basal half of posterior margin of testaceous anal vein 2 + 3 and small piceos spot at base. Basal cell hyaline. Basal membrane gray and green. Hind wing venation ochraceous becoming fuscous distally except green cubitus anterior. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2, base of cubital cell 2 and base of medial cell grayish tawny. Green faded to ochraceous in some paratypes. Legs.—Ochraceous green and tawny. Piceous mark on lateral middle and hind coxae. Fore femur with oblique primary spine, less oblique secondary spine, tertiary spine parallel to primary spine and small, oblique distal spine. Spines fuscous and piceous with green base, decreasing in size distally. Fore tibiae, distal middle tibiae, and distal end of hind tibiae tawny, amount of tawny decreased in some paratypes, tibial spurs and combs castaneous with piceous tips. Tarsi tawny. Pretarsal claw tawny with fuscous tips. Operculum.—Male operculum ochraceous, not reaching posterior margin of sternite II. Lateral margin straight, posterior margin curved, medial margin rounded, medial margins not touching, anteromedial margin angled to base. Meracanthus ochraceous with fuscous spot on medial anterior base, reaching to anteromedial margin of operculum. Operculum covered with silvery pile that also radiates from margin. Female operculum with angled lateral margin, straight posterior margin, medial margin rounded near base, reaching to anterior of sternite II posteriorly and lateral meracanthus medially. Meracantus ochraceous, longer than operculum. Abdomen.—Dorsal tergites greenish laterally marked with tawny, fuscous and piceous. Tergite 1 piceous with fuscous anterior and posterior medial margins. Tergite 2 piceous along posterior opening to timbal cavity, anterolaterally and on auditory capsule, fuscous medially with ferruginous hind margin. Timbal with 11 ribs. Tergite 3 tawny medially, fuscous anteromedially, with tawny lateral spot. Tergites 4–8 tawny centrally with fuscous posterior margin expanding on either side of midline and fuscous lateral spots, proportion of green decreases and proportion of tawny and fuscous increase posteriorly in tergites 4–7, dorsolateral tergite 8 with large green spot. Tergites covered with silvery pile, more dense laterally. Sternite I ochraceous with posteromedial fuscous spot, sternite II piceous with ochraceous anteromedial expansion and green spot on medial angle of opening to tympanal cavity, sternites III and IV piceous medially, green laterally, sternite V–VII piceous, sternite VIII tawny with piceous base. Epipleurites 3–6 green, 6 and 7 piceous. Female sternites tawny with medial piceous stripe. Silvery pile on sternites, long golden pile on posterior sternite VIII. Male genitalia.—Pygofer greenish laterally, tawny dorsally with fuscous dorsal beak, anal styles ochraceous not reaching to end of dorsal beak. Pygofer upper lobe folded medially, pygofer basal lobe small, rounded, bent medially. Long golden pile radiating medially inside pygofer. Uncus lobes very small. Claspers with broad base, thinning and bending at a right angle before expanding and splitting into a pincer-like structure, the posterior branch bifurcates again near the terminus. Aedeagus tubular with flattened ventral terminus, castaneous. Female genitalia.—Sternite VII piceous medially, tawny laterally with long silvery pile laterally, posterior margin with deep medial notch, lateral posterior margins angulate. Abdominal segment 9 tawny dorsally, large dorsolateral fuscous stripes not reaching posterior margin, ochraceous laterally, covered with silvery pile. Ochraceous region may have faded from green. Anal styles tawny, not as long as dorsal beak. Gonocoxite IX tawny, ovipositor sheath piceous with long white pile near tip. Gonapophysis VII and X dark tawny. Ovipositor sheath extending beyond tip of dorsal beak. Measurements (mm).—N = 12 males or 3 females, mean (range). Length of body: male 13.5 (12.5–14.4), female 14.9 (13.4–15.8); length of forewing: male 18.0 (16.3–18.6), female 20.1 (18.4–21.0); width of forewing: male 6.7 (6.2–7.0), female 7.3 (7.0–7.6); length of head: male 2.5 (2.2–2.7), female 2.6 (2.4–2.7); width of head including eyes: male 4.8 (4.6–5.0), female 5.1 (4.9–5.2); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 5.4 (5.0–5.6), female 5.7 (5.1–6.1); width of mesonotum: male 4.7 (4.4–5.0), female 5.0 (4.8–5.2).



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FIGURE 8. Herrera umbraphila Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal. (D) Paratype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Paratype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Paratype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 2 mm, and C–I = 1 mm.


SANBORN & HEATH

Notes.—Herrera umbraphila sp. n. is from the understory vegetation in the Yunga floristic province. The species has been shown to have unique thermal adaptations to the understory environment (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Parnisa lineaviridia Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 9) Parnisa lineaviridia nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 4, 7, Fig. 3, Table 1.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Salta / Aguaray / 11 Jan. 1988 / Heath-SanbornNoriega Coll.”. PARATYPES: eight male same data as holotype (seven male MSHC, one male AFSC); one male (MSHC) “Tucuman / 3 km So. of Tapia / 18 Dec. 1986 / Al Sanborn Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Tucuman / 3 km So. of Tapia / 18 Dec. 1986 / M.S. Heath Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Tucuman / 3 km So. of Tapia / 18 Dec. 1986 / J.E. & M.S. Heath Coll.”; one female (MSHC) “Tucuman / 3 km So. of Tapia / 18 Dec. 1986 / F. Noriega Coll.”. Etymology. The species is named for the green stripe on the posterior of the abdominal segments. Diagnosis.—Parnisa lineaviridia sp. n. can be separated from P. demittens (Walker, 1858) and P. proponens (Walker, 1858) by its smaller size (these species have body lengths greater than 15 mm). The body markings and general body coloration differentiate the species from the green P. viridis sp. n. and the castaneous P. moneta (Germar, 1830). Parnisa designata (Walker, 1858) is castaneous with a red venter. Parnisa haemorrhagica Jacobi, 1904 is green with an orangish-reddish abdominal venter. Parnisa angularis Uhler, 1903 has a ridged abdomen and brown-banded tergites, and P. protracta Uhler, 1903 has a red abdomen. The new species lacks the longitudinal abdominal markings found in P. fraudulenta (Stål, 1862). Description Coloration.—Ground color testaceous marked with piceous. Head.—Testaceous with transverse piceous stripe enclosing ocelli, supra-antennal plate anterior margin with greenish tinge, about as wide (1.0–1.1X) as mesonotum. Ocelli red, eyes testaceous with tawny margin. Head covered with white pile, more dense in sutures, longer posterior to eye. Postclypeus rounded anteriorly, centrally sulcate dorsally and posteriorly with ten transverse grooves, white pile laterally and within transverse grooves. Postclypeus testaceous with longitudinal piceous marks on either side of tawny longitudinal mark on anteroventral midline, piceous mark begins at supra-antennal plate, fuses posterior to tawny mark and terminates before junction with anteclypeus. Anteclypeus piceous with white pile laterally. Rostrum testaceous with piceous tip reaching to hind coxae. Gena testaceous with piceous transverse stripe between eye and postclypeus and short white pile. Lorum testaceous with long white pile. Antennal segments fuscous except tawny distal scape and proximal pedicel. Thorax.—Pronotum testaceous, piceous on disc between midline and paramedian fissure, anteriorly between paramedian and lateral fissures, and central portion of disc between lateral and ambient fissures, additional curved piceous mark along midline and pronotal collar between medial terminus of paramedian and lateral fissures. Central disc between lateral and paramedian fissures marked with piceous and submedian sigillae mark reduced in some paratypes. Lateral part of pronotal collar absent. Pronotum covered with short white pile. Mesonotum testaceous, submedian and lateral sigillae fuscous. White pile on disc, longer and more dense laterally and between anterior arms of cruciform elevation. Cruciform elevation lighter in color than rest of mesonotal disc. Metanotum testaceous, Ventral thoracic plates testaceous except piceous basisternum 2, covered with short white pile. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Forewing with eight apical cells, hind wings with five apical cells. Venation tawny except testaceous radius & subcostal vein in basal cell and anal vein 2 + 3, becoming darker near apex. Basal cell hyaline. Basal membrane grayish brown. Hind wing venation tawny. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 and anal cell 1 along anal veins 2 and 3 grayish, infuscation in distal anal cell 3 and anal cell 2 near grayish area. Legs.—Fore coxae testaceous with greenish tawny stripes, middle and hind coxae tawny with fuscous lateral spot on base. Trochanter tawny marked with testaceous medially. Fore femur testaceous striped with greenish tawny, primary spine largest and oblique, secondary spine smaller and more upright, tertiary spine slightly smaller and more oblique, and very small, oblique apical spine, spines fuscous with piceous tips. Middle and hind femora with proximal half and distal apex tawny, fuscous between tawny regions. Fore tibia fuscous, middle and hind tibia tawny proximally and fuscous distally, left hind tibia tawny in holotype. Tibial spurs and comb tawny with testaceous tips. Tarsi testaceous, darker distally. Pretarsal claw testaceous with fuscous tips.



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FIGURE 9. Parnisa lineaviridia Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal. (D) Paratype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Holotype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Holotype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 2 mm, and C–I = 1 mm.


SANBORN & HEATH

Operculum.—Male operculum testaceous not covering tympanal cavity or reaching anterior margin of sternite II. Lateral margin straight, posterior margin curving to rounded medial margin, anteromedial margin curving around meracanthus to base. Medial margin extends to level of medial meracathus. Meracanthus tawny with testaceous base, extending two thirds length of operculum. Operculum with short white pile. Female operculum tawny with lateral fuscous spot on base, operculum with angled lateral margin, rounded posterolateral angle, straight posterior margin, pointed medioposterior angle and curved anteromedial margin, extending to middle of sternite II. Meracanthus tawny with fuscous spot on base, extending beyond posterior operculum. Abdomen.—Testaceous. Posterior margin of tergites 3–8 green. Anterior margin of tergite 2 between timbal cavities piceous. Transverse fuscous mark across midline of anterior tergites 3 and 4. Anterior lateral portion of tergite 3 tawny, lateral tergite 7 greenish. Sternites dark tawny, sternites III–VI and epipleurites 2–7 with green posterior margin, male sternite VII dark tawny anteriorly, greenish posterolaterally and light testaceous posteromedially, male sternite VIII dark tawny. Tergites and sternites covered with short white pile, longer on male sternite VIII. Timbal with eight ribs. Male genitalia.—Pygofer testaceous with fuscous lateral stripes. Upper pygofer lobe arching to fuscous pointed tip beyond level of dorsal beak. Uncus lobes absent, anal styles testaceous with ochraceous base. Claspers tawny, parallel sided at base, slightly angled medially at base, terminating with a lateral curve and reducing to a point. Aedeagus castaneous, tubular with recurved endotheca supporting tawny membrane. Female genitalia.—Testaceous with anterior dorsomedial, dorsolateral and lateral fuscous stripes not reaching posterior margin of abdominal segment 9, anterior dorsomedial and dorsolateral stripes separated by tawny stripe anteriorly, additional tawny stripe ventrolaterad. Sternite VII with deep medial notch, short arched posterior margin next to notch before arching lateral margin extends length of sternite. Abdominal segment 9 with long and short white pile, dorsal beak bent dorsally. Anal styles testaceous, about as long as dorsal beak. Gonocoxite IX tawny. Gonapophysis VII castaneous, gonapophysis X piceous with long pile, extending well beyond dorsal beak. Measurements (mm).—N = 12 males or 1 female, mean (range). Length of body: male 11.8 (11.1–12.5), female 14.4; length of forewing: male 12.8 (11.6–13.6), female 14.0; width of forewing: male 4.8 (4.5–5.3), female 4.9; length of head: male 1.66 (1.5–1.8), female 1.8; width of head including eyes: male 3.73 (3.6–3.8), female 3.7; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 4.01 (3.6–4.3), female 4.3; width of mesonotum: male 3.54 (3.4–3.8), female 3.6. Notes.—Parnisa lineaviridia sp. n. is from the Yunga floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Parnisa viridis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 10) Parnisa viridis nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 4, Table 2.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Chaco / Rt. 11–12.5 km No. of / Rt 16. 28 Dec. 1986 / M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll. / EX: Grass”. PARATYPES: one male (MSHC) same data as holotype; three male (MSHC) “Chaco / Rt. 11–12.5 km No. of / Rt 16. 28 Dec. 1986 / Al Sanborn Coll. / EX: Grass”; three male and one female (MSHC) “Chaco / Rt. 11–12.5 km No. of / Rt 16. 28 Dec. 1986 / F. Noriega Coll. / EX: Grass”; one male (MSHC) “Chaco / Rt. 11–12.5 km No. of / Rt 16. 29 Dec. 1986 / M.S. Heath Coll. / EX: Grass”; four male “Chaco / Dto. 1o de Mayo, Ruta 11 / 12.5 km No. of Ruta 16 / 8 Jan. 1988. Heath-/ Sanborn-Noriega Coll.” (three male MSHC, one male AFSC); one male (MSHC) “Chaco / Dto. 1o de Mayo, Ruta 11 / 12.5 km No. of Ruta / 16. 8 Jan. 1988. Heath-/ Sanborn-Noriega Coll.”; three male (MSHC) “Chaco / Dto. 1o de Mayo / Ruta 11—12.5 km No. / of Ruta 16. 8 Jan. 1988 / Al Sanborn Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Chaco / Dto. Almirante Brown / 4 km W. of Los Frentones / 9 Jan. 1988. Heath-/ Sanborn-Noriega Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Salta / circa Antonio Quijarro / 11 Jan. 1988 / Heath-Sanborn-/ Noriega Coll.”; one male (AFSC) “Prov. Chaco / Rt. 11, 12.5 km North of / Junction with Ruta 16 / 12 January 1992 / A. Sanborn Coll.”. Etymology. The species is named for its green coloration. Diagnosis.—The new species is unique among its cogeners in its green coloration and the lack of any head, thoracic or abdominal markings. The most similar species is P. haemorrhagica Jacobi, 1904 which is green but has an orangish-reddish abdominal venter.



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FIGURE 10. Parnisa viridis Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Paratype male timbal. (D) Paratype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Paratype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Paratype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 2 mm, and C–I = 1 mm.


SANBORN & HEATH

Description Coloration.—Ground color green, fades to tawny in specimens placed in softening jar. Head.—Green, about 0.97X as wide as mesonotum. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes testaceous with tawny margin. Long white pile posterior to eye and on ventral head. Postclypeus rounded anteriorly, centrally sulcate with eight transverse grooves and white pile laterally. Anteclypeus green with white pile laterally. Rostrum tawny with fuscous lateral tip reaching to middle trochanter. Gena and lorum green. Scape green, remaining antennal segments fuscous except tawny proximal pedicel, distal pedicel, and proximal first flagellum. Thorax.—Pronotum green, lateral part of pronotal collar absent. Mesonotum green, light tawny within submedian sigillae in some paratypes. White pile laterally and between anterior arms of cruciform elevation. Metanotum green. Ventral thoracic plates green with sparse, short, white pile. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Forewing with eight apical cells, hind wings with five apical cells. Venation green. Basal cell hyaline. Basal membrane white marked with orange and green. Hind wing venation green. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal vein 3 greenish. Legs.—Green, tarsi and distal tips of tibiae tawny, all green except tawny distal pretarsus in some paratypes. Fore femur with primary spine largest and slightly oblique, secondary spine smaller and more oblique, tertiary spine slightly smaller than and parallel to secondary spine, and very small, oblique apical spine, spines green with fuscous tips. Tibial spurs and comb green with tawny tips. Pretarsal claw tawny with fuscous tips. Operculum.—Male operculum and meracanthus green not covering tympanal cavity or reaching anterior margin of sternite II. Lateral margin straight, posterior margin curving to rounded medial margin, anteromedial margin curving around meracanthus to base. Medial margin extends to level of middle width of posterior coxa. Meracanthus extends two thirds length of operculum. Operculum with white pile near base and radiating from margin. Female operculum and meracantus green, operculum with angled lateral margin, rounded posterolateral and median angles, straight posterior margin and curved anteromedial margin, extending to middle of sternite II. Meracanthus extending beyond posterior operculum. Abdomen.—Green with white pile, more dense dorsolaterally. Timbal with eight ribs. Male genitalia.—Pygofer green, upper pygofer lobe arching to pointed tip at level of dorsal beak. Uncus lobes absent, anal styles green with ochraceous base. Claspers green, parallel sided at base, swelling at terminus bend posteriorly when meeting medially. Aedeagus tawny striped with green, expanding laterally near apex, terminating in a small castaneous curved spine. Female genitalia.—Green. Sternite VII with deep medial notch. Abdominal segment 9 with sparse white pile, dorsal beak bent dorsally. Anal styles green, about as long as dorsal beak. Gonocoxite IX green. Gonapophysis VII tawny with green base. Gonapophysis X greenish tawny with long pile, extending to level of dorsal abdominal segment 9. Measurements (mm).—N = 18 males or 1 female, mean (range). Length of body: male 12.2 (10.5–13.1), female 13.9; length of forewing: male 12.9 (12.0–13.7), female 15.0; width of forewing: male 4.9 (4.4–5.3), female 5.1; length of head: male 1.5 (1.3–1.8), female 1.5; width of head including eyes: male 3.3 (3.1–3.5), female 3.6; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 3.9 (3.7–4.1), female 4.2; width of mesonotum: male 3.5 (3.2–3.7), female 3.8. Notes.—Parnisa viridis sp. n. is from the Chaco floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Alarcta micromacula Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. 3 (Figure 11) Alacta micromacula nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 5, 8, Table 4.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Mendoza / 3 km N.E. of Bardas / Blancas. 13 Jan. / 1987. J.E. & M.S. / Heath Coll.”. PARATYPES: two male “Mendoza / 3 km N.E. of Bardas / Blancas. 13 Jan. / 1987. M.S. Heath Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “Mendoza / 3 km N.E. of Bardas / Blancas. 13 Jan. / 1987. F. Noriega Coll.”; one male “Mendoza / 9 km S.W. of Paso / de las Carretas / 11 Jan. 1987 / M.S. Heath Coll.”; one female “Mendoza / 9 km S.W. of Paso / de las Carretas / 11 Jan. 1987 / J.E. Heath Coll.”; one male “Mendoza / 32 km S.W. of / San Rafael / 11 Jan. 1987 / J.E. & M.S. Heath Coll.”; one female “Mendoza / 9 km S. of Malargüe / 12 Jan.



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1987 / M.S. Heath Coll. / EX: Ephedra”; one male “Neuquen / 9 km N.E. of Buta / Ranquil. 14 Jan. / 1987 F. Noriega Coll.”. Etymology.—The species is named for the small spots on the dorsal mesothorax. Diagnosis.—The new species of Alarcta can be distinguished from the currently known species of the genus using a combination of characters: the number of ribs (12) on the stridulatory apparatus, the body length (16–18 mm), forewing length (20.5–23.3 mm), and forewing width (7.0–7.8 mm). All other species differ in the combination of these variables to make distinguishing the new species easy (Table 1). TABLE 1. Characteristics to distinguish Alarcta micromacula sp. n. from the known species of Alarcta. Data for all but the new species are from Torres (1942, 1948c, 1949, 1958d). Data for A. albicerata, A. macrogina, A. minuta, and A. terrosa are for holotype males. Data for A. quadrimacula includes both male and female specimens. Data for A. bahiensis and A. blanchardi are from a series but it is unknown if females are included. The data for females of the new species fall within the range of male values measured. Species

Number of stridulatory Body length apparatus ribs

Forewing length

Forewing width

A. albicerata (Torres, 1949)

10

16 mm

16 mm

6 mm

A. bahiensis (Torres, 1942)

11–14

14.5–17 mm

16.5–17 mm

6 mm

A. blanchardi (Torres, 1948)

10–12

13–15 mm

15–16 mm

5.0–5.3 mm

A. macrogina (Torres, 1949)

about 13

17 mm

17.5 mm

6 mm

A. micromacula sp. n.

12

15.8–17.1 mm

20.5–23.3 mm

7.0–7.8 mm

A. minuta (Torres, 1949)

9

13.5 mm

16 mm

5.2 mm

A. quadrimacula Torres, 1958

about 14

18 mm

23–24 mm

7.7–8 mm

A. terrosa Torres, 1958

10

17.5 mm

21 mm

6.6 mm

Description Coloration.—Ground color piceous marked with tawny. Head.—Head 1.1–1.2X as wide as mesonotum, silvery and black pile on dorsum, silvery pile more dense along frontoclypeal suture, longer silvery pile posterior to eye and on ventral head. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes greenish tawny. Postclypeus piceous, rounded anteriorly barely beyond anterior supra-antennal plates, with ventral central sulcus and 9 transverse grooves, with long black pile centrally and dorsally, short silvery pile in transverse grooves and central sulcus, longer silvery pile laterally, with white pubescense laterally. Anteclypeus black with long white pile, white pruinosity laterally. Rostrum piceous with tawny midline of labrum and ferruginous proximal midline of labium, reaching to posterior to middle coxae. Gena black with tawny medial margin. Lorum black. White pruinosity on gena and lorum. Antennal segments piceous except tawny annulus on distal scape. Thorax.—Pronotum piceous, except tawny anterior margin between eyes except midline, anterior pronotal collar lateral margin, spot on posterior junction of pronotal collar and pronotal collar lateral angle, extending to ambient fissue in some paratypes, and posterior pronotal collar between eyes, connecting to lateral spot in some paratypes, all tawny areas of pronotal collar connected in one paratype. Silvery pile on dorsum, more dense in lateral, paramedian and lateral ambient fissures, black pile on pronotal collar lateral margin. Mesonotum piceous with elongate tawny spot extending from anterior terminus of anterior arm of cruciform elevation onto disc and tawny lateral posterior arm of cruciform elevation, markings larger in some paratypes. Stridulatory apparatus on anterolateral mesonotum with 12 ribs. Long silvery pile laterally, between anterior arms of cruciform elevation and posteriorly, shorter and more dense along parapsidal suture. Wing groove posteriorly tawny with long silvery pile. Metanotum piceous. Ventral thoracic plates piceous except tawny anterior, posterior and medial episternum 2, posterior margin of basisternum 2, anterior and posterior margins of trochantin 2, posterior meron 2, posterior katepimeron 2, epimeron 3, posterior margin of episternum 3, and medial anterior and postrior margins of trochantin 3. Venter covered with long white pile and white pruinosity. Forewings and hind wings.—Hyaline. Venation piceous except tawny costal margin to node but piceous dorsally in distal half, arculus, anterior portion of cubitus posterior + anal vein 1, median vein from distal half of ulnar cell 3 to node, proximal median vein 1 + 2, across nodal line on median vein 3 + 4, across nodal line of cubitus anterior and distal cubitus anterior 2. Basal cell tawny with fuscous posteromedial corner, posterior cubital


SANBORN & HEATH

FIGURE 11. Alarcta micromacula Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male stridulatory apparatus. (D) Holotype male timbal. (E) Holotype male operculum. (F) Paratype female operculum. (G) Paratype male lateral view of genitalia. (H) Paratype male posterior view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (J) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 2 mm, C = 1 mm, D–F = 2 mm, and G–J = 1 mm.



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cell and basal clavus clouded with tawny. Basal membrane reddish orange. Hind wing venation piceous except tawny proximal medial vein and proximal radius posterior for more than half the distance of the radial cell. Vanal fold, anal cell 3 along anal vein 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along proximal two thirds of anal vein 2, postrior median vein in medial cell, and median veins 2 and 3 in apical cell 4 proximal to crossveins white, distally margined with infuscation in anal cells 2 and 3, proximal radial cell along median vein and basal radius posterior, and proximal costal cell ochraceous. Small infuscated spot in proximal cubital cells 1. Legs.—Fuscous, tawny on distal coxae, fore and middle coxae striped with tawny, proximal and distal trochanter, distal tibiae, middle tibiae with tawny lateral spot near proximal end, hind tibiae tawny except fuscous proximally and two fuscous stripes, tarsi fuscous. Fore femur with upright primary spine and larger, upright secondary spine, spines fuscous, primary spine with tawny tip. Tibial spurs and comb castaneous with tawny base. Pretarsal claw fuscous. Legs with white pile and white pruinosity, both more dense proximally. Operculum.—Male operculum fuscous anterior half and ochraceous posterior half, reaching anterior margin of sternite II. Lateral margin straight, posterolateral margin angled mediad, posterior margin with shallow incurvation, medial margin rounded, anteromedial margin straight angled laterad to base. Medial margin about level of middle of meracanthus. Meracanthus ochraceous with fuscous base. Operculum covered with long white pile, more dense at base, white pruinosity at base, more dense laterally. Female operculum and meracanthus similar to male but smaller, operculum reaching to half-length of sternite II, meracanthus slightly longer. Abdomen.—Tergites piceous except tawny posterior margin of tergite 1, anteromedial margin and anterior margin of tergite 2 along timbal cavity, and posterior margins of tergites 7 and 8. Timbal with eight long ribs and seven short intercalary ribs. Sternites piceous except tawny posterior margin of sternites III–VI, posterior two thirds of sternite VII, sternite VIII tawny with piceous anterolateral spots and fuscous medial posterior third. Medioposterior margin of epipleurites tawny, medial margin also tawny in some paratypes. Segments covered with long silvery pile, sternites and epileurites with white prubescence. Male genitalia.—Pygofer piceous with tawny dorsal shoulder, pygofer upper lobe folded medially covered with white pruinosity. Pygofer basal lobe tawny with rounded terminus. Median uncus lobe parallel sided with central ridge and rounded terminus. Anal styles fuscous with tawny base, tawny tip in some paratypes, extending beyond dorsal beak. Anal styles and dorsal beak castaneous in one paratype. Aedeagus tawny with long curling endotheca and short castaneous spine at base of endotheca. Female genitalia.—Sternite VII tawny with fuscous medial posterior margin and anterolateral triangular fuscous marks expanding laterally with posterior margin, posterior margin with deep curved medial notch, lateral margins curved. Abdominal segment 9 piceous with tawny posterior and ventral margins. Long and short silvery pile on abdominal segment 9. Anal styles fuscous with tawny base, reaching beyond dorsal beak. Gonocoxite IX tawny, gonapophysis VII castaneous, gonapophysis X fuscous with tawny base, long white pile near tip. Ovipositor sheath extending to ventral anal styles. Measurements (mm).—N = 7 males, 2 females, mean (range). Length of body: male 16.5 (15.8–17.1), female 16.25 (16.1–16.4); length of forewing: male 22.0 (20.5–23.3), female 22.1 (21.3–22.9); width of forewing: male 7.5 (7.0–7.8), female 7.5 (7.2–7.8); length of head: male 3.0 (2.9–3.0), female 3.05 (2.9–3.2); width of head including eyes: male 7.4 (6.9–8.0), female 7.4 (7.2–7.4); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 8.5 (8.0–8.9), female 8.15 (7.9–8.4); width of mesonotum: male 6.8 (6.6–7.0), female 6.15 (6.0–6.3). Notes.—Alarcta micromacula sp. n. is from the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Torresia Sanborn & Heath, gen. n. Type species. Torresia sanjuanensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Included species. Torresia lariojaensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n.; T. sanjuanensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Etymology. The genus is named in honor of Belindo A. Torres for his extensive contributions to the knowledge of the Argentine cicada fauna. The gender of the genus is feminine. Distribution. Currently the genus is known only from La Rioja and San Juan Provinces, Argentina. Diagnostic characteristics. The new genus is most similar to Alarcta Torres and Tettigades Amyot & Audinet-Serville. Torresia can be distinguished from Alarcta by its trapezoid rather than rectangular basal cell, the apical cell 6 being longer than 7, the cruciform elevation that is not elongated anteroposteriorly, and the lack of dense, long pile on the head. The new genus can be distinguished from Tettigades by the less sulcate postclypeus, the stridulatory apparatus with 9–10 ribs, the lack of a thick pile on the body, the hyaline and not infuscated


SANBORN & HEATH

forewings, apical cell 5 of the forewing which is about half the length of apical cell 6, and the wing length to width ratio that is between 2.8–3.0:1. The remaining genera of the Tettigadini can be distinguished by a few characters each. Torresia can be distinguished from Acuticephala Torres by the head that is narrower than the pronotum, the angled pronotal lateral margins, and the forewing apical cell 1 of about the same length as apical cell 2. The new genus differs from Babras Jacobi in the forewing apical cell 5 which is about half as long as apical cell 6, the forewing apical cell 8 with more than three times the size of apical cell 7, and the 12–13 timbal ribs. The new genus is two-thirds the body length of Calliopsida Torres, the postclypeus is shorter than the vertex, the pronotum is not broadly expanded, the forewings are without infuscation, the forewing length to width ratio is 2.8–3.0, and the stridulatory apparatus has 9–10 ribs. The head is slightly wider than the mesonotum, the pronotum lateral margins are rounded, and the abdomen is as long as the head-cruciform elevation length which distinguish the new genus from Chonosia Distant. The head being slightly wider than the mesonotum, the lack of distally expanded antennae and a globose postclypeus, the anterior pronotum being narrower than the posterior, the angled lateral margins of the pronotum, and the small opercula of the new genus distinguish it from Mendozana Distant. The new genus differs from Psephenotettix Torres in the wider head, the curved forewing cubitus anterior 2, and the stridulatory apparatus with 9–10 ribs. Finally, Torresia can be distinguished from Tettigotoma Torres in the fore femora having two spines, the pronotum is not vaulted, and the mesonotum lacks a saddle-like appearance as is found in Tettigotoma. Description. General body proportions (males).—Length of body: 15.6–18.0; length of forewing: 18.2–20.9; width of forewing: 6.6–7.2; length of head: 2.2–2.4; width of head including eyes: 5.8–6.4; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: 6.2–7.0; width of mesonotum: 5.1–6.0. Head.—Head including eyes slightly wider than mesonotum, frons steeply angled from vertex. Postclypeus sulcate, truncated anteriorly, rostrum reaching to middle trochanter. Thorax.—Pronotum not as long as mesonotum, pronotal collar wide with curved lateral margins. Mesonotum cruciform elevation elongated anteroposteriorly, anterior wider than posterior, stridulatory apparatus with 9–10 ribs. Metanotum mostly obscured by mesonotum. Forewings and hind wings.—Forewings and hind wings hyaline with eight and six apical cells respectively, some hind wings with cells missing. Forewing basal cell trapezoidal, apical cells 2 and 3 about the same length, apical cell 5 half as long as apical cell 6, apical cell 6 longer than apical cell 7, apical cell 8 about three times the size of apical cell 7, radial and radiomedial crossveins forming a zig-zag pattern with veins of apical cells 1–4. Legs.—Anterior femora with proximal spine against femur, secondary spine larger and upright. Male operculum.—Operculum short, not extending beyond middle of sternite II, not meeting medially. Meracanthus wide and angulate. Male abdomen.—Longer than head and thorax. About as wide as mesonotum at base, narrowing to apex at segment 6. Lacking timbal cover. Timbal with 12–13 long ribs extending below wing base laterally. Sternite VII with curved posterior margin. Male genitalia.—Pygofer with distal shoulders not developed, basal lobe flattened against pygofer. Uncus extended, rounded at terminus, flattened with sinuate lateral margins in lateral view. Aedeagus with two basal, curved spines, the left possesing cornuti. Female unknown. Type species. Torresia sanjuanensis Sanborn & Heath.

Torresia lariojaensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 12) Torresia lariojaensis nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 5, Table 3.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “La Rioja / 2 km W. of Paganzo / 5 Jan. 1987 / M.S. Heath Coll.”. PARATYPES: one male (MSHC) “La Rioja / 2 km W. of Paganzo / 5 Jan. 1987 / Al Sanborn Coll.”. Etymology. The species is named for the province in which the type series was collected. Diagnosis.—The species is similar in general appearance to T. sanjuanensis sp. n. but is larger (body length 17.95 mm vs. 16.3 mm), marked with castaneous and tawny rather than tawny, there is no spot on the supraantennal plate and vertex, no large dorsal mesothoracic marking, a stridulatory apparatus with nine ribs, a straight



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FIGURE 12. Torresia lariojaensis Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male stridulatory apparatus. (D) Holotype male timbal. (E) Holotype male operculum. (F) Paratype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Paratype male posterior view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 2 mm, C = 1 mm, D–E = 2 mm, and F–G = 1 mm.


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posterior opercular margin, timbal with 12 long and 11 short ribs, and the left spine of the aedeagus has five cornuti. Description of male Coloration.—Ground color piceous marked with castaneous and tawny. Head.—Slightly wider (about 1.1X) than mesonotum, piceous with golden pile, more dense in the sutures and longer posterior to eye. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes castaneous. Postclypeus piceous, sulcate, 10 transverse grooves, golden pile laterally and within central sulcus. Anteclypeus piceous with long golden pile. Rostrum piceous except tawny labrum, reaching to middle trochanter. Gena piceous with short golden pile. Lorum piceous with tawny lateral margin and castaneous anterior margin. Antennae piceous castaneous. Thorax.—Pronotum castaneous with large medial black mark expanding laterally, anteriorly and posteriorly within the ambient fissure, dark castaneous marking in lateral fissure and posterior paramedian fissure, anterior mark of the paramedian fissure connected with posterior mark in the lateral fissure, and extended on disc between lateral and ambient fissures. Pronotal collar castaneous with posterior margin, including lateral angle of collar, tawny. Short golden pile, more dense in fissures. Mesonotum piceous except lateral castaneous cruciform elevation and stridulatory apparatus, tawny spot on medial portion of stridulatory apparatus in holotype, apparatus completely castaneous in paratype. Stridulatory apparatus with nine ribs. Long golden pile laterally, in wing groove, and within depressions of cruciform elevation. White pruinosity laterally in wing groove. Metanotum piceous becoming castaneous centrally with tawny lateral margin and posterior covered with white pruinosity. Ventral thoracic plates dark castaneous except tawny margins and tawny katepisternum 2. Venter covered with long white pile and white pruinosity. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Venation castaneous becoming piceous distally except tawny costal margin along radial cell, medial vein to node, and central region of cubitus posterior + anal vein 1. Basal cell and proximal clavus clouded with castaneous. Basal membrane grayish. Hind wing venation tawny except castaneous subcostal + radius vein and ambient vein. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2, and proximal cubital cell 2 along cubitus posterior grayish. Proximal cubital cells 1 and 2 clouded with castaneous. Legs.—Castaneous with tawny extremities, coxae marked with tawny, femora striped with tawny. Fore femur with rounded primary spine against femur and larger, upright secondary spine. Fore tibiae castaneous, middle tibiae with proximal tawny annulus, hind tibiae tawny except for castaneous proximal spot and distal third, tibial spurs and comb castaneous. Tarsi castaneous, pretarsal claw castaneous, lighter at base. Operculum.—Male operculum tawny with castaneous base and anteromedial region, not reaching anterior margin of sternite II, extending medially to level of medial meracathus. Lateral and posterior margins straight at approximate right angle to one another, rounded medial and lateral angles, medial margin straight to base. Meracanthus tawny with castaneous base. Operculum covered with short white pile, more dense at base, white pruinosity on base, more dense laterally. Abdomen.—Tergites piceous, with posterior, transverse castaneous stripe and tawny posterior margin. Lateral tergite 1 castaneous, tawny mark on anterior and above timbal. Tergite 2 with tawny mark along timbal cavity. Tergites covered with short golden pile, more dense laterally, tergites 1 and 2 with white pruinosity medial to timbal. Sternites piceous, posterior margin of sternites I and III–VI tawny covered with long pile, more dense anteriorly. Sternite VII castaneous with lighter posterior margin, posterior margin smoothly curved. Sternite VIII castaneous with long golden pile. Timbal with 12 long and 11 short ribs. Genitalia.—Pygofer piceous at base with castaneous lateral surfaces, pygofer upper lobe folded medially against pygofer. Median uncus lobe piceous at base, castaneous at terminus, arched in cross-section, tapering to rounded terminus at about half its length, sinuate lateral margin. Anal styles piceous with tawny edges, extending beyond dorsal beak. Aedeagus castaneous and tawny with two curving spines at base, the left side with five cornuti, long recurved endotheca tawny. Female unknown. Measurements (mm).—N = 2 males, mean (range). Length of body: male 17.95 (17.9–18.0); length of forewing: male 20.9; width of forewing: male 7.0; length of head: male 2.3 (2.2–2.4); width of head including eyes: male 6.3 (6.2–6.4); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 6.85 (6.7–7.0); width of mesonotum: male 5.7. Notes.—Torresia lariojaensis sp. n. is from the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).



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Torresia sanjuanensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 13) Torresia sanjuanensis nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 5, Table 3.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “San Juan / 25 km S. of Astica / 8 Jan. 1987 / Al Sanborn Coll.”. PARATYPES: one male (MSHC) same data as holotype; one male (MSHC) “San Juan / 25 km S. of Astica / 8 Jan. 1987 / F. Noriega Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “San Juan / 25 km S. of Astica / 8 Jan. 1987 / F. Noriega Coll. / EX: Larrea”; one male (MSHC) “San Juan / 25 km S. of Astica / 8 Jan. 1987 / J.E. Heath Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “San Juan / 25 km S. of Astica / 8 Jan. 1987 / J.E. & M.S. Heath Coll.”. Etymology. The species is named for the province in which the type series was collected. Diagnosis.—The species is similar in general appearance to T. lariojaensis sp. n. but is smaller (body length 16.3 mm vs. 17.95 mm), is marked only with tawny, there is a tawny spot on the supra-antennal plate and vertex, large dorsal mesothoracic marking, a stridulatory apparatus with 10 ribs, a curved posterior opercular margin, timbal with 13 long and 10 short ribs, and the left spine of the aedeagus with two cornuti. Description Coloration.—Ground color of piceous marked with tawny. Head.—Slightly wider (about 1.05X) than mesonotum, piceous with tawny spot on posterior supra-antennal plate expanding onto anterior vertex, with golden pile, more dense in the pronounced sutures and longer posterior to eye. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes tawny castaneous. Postclypeus piceous with small castaneous spot on dorsal apex, sulcate anteriorly, central sulcus extends entire length, 10 transverse grooves, golden pile laterally and within central sulcus, white pubescence laterally. Anteclypeus piceous with long golden pile. Rostrum piceous except castaneous tawny labrum, reaching to middle trochanter. Gena piceous with tawny mark surrounding antenna and short golden pile. Lorum piceous with tawny lateral margin and tawny spot at anteromedial margin. Antennae dark castaneous except tawny castaneous scape and proximal pedicel. Thorax.—Pronotum tawny, large medial black mark expanding laterally anteriorly and posteriorly anterior to ambient fissure before extending throughout the ambient fissure surrounding the discs. Dark castaneous marking in lateral fissure and posterior paramedian fissure, on disc connecting the anterior mark of the paramedian fissure with the posterior mark in the lateral fissure and on disc between lateral and ambient fissures. Pronotal collar tawny with castaneous medial spot on anterior margin with ambient fissure, and castaneous spots on lateral collar anterior to lateral angle of collar reaching anterior but not lateral margin. Short golden pile, more dense in fissures. Mesonotum piceous except tawny comma-shaped mark on either side of midline between posterior parapsidal suture and anterior terminus of anterior arm of cruciform elevation not including scutal depression, medial portion, posterior half of anterior arms, posterior arms and posterior half of lateral depressions of cruciform elevation, and stridulatory apparatus, tawny area reduced in some paratypes. Stridulatory apparatus with 10 ribs. Long golden pile laterally, in wing groove, and within depressions of cruciform elevation. Wing groove tawny, castaneous spots on anterolateral margin, centrally along wing groove, and lateral to cruciform elevation, covered with silvery pile. Metanotum castaneous with tawny lateral margin, covered with white pruinosity centrally. Ventral thoracic plates dark castaneous except tawny margins and and tawny katepisternum 2. Venter covered with long white pile and white pruinosity. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Venation fuscous except tawny costal margin and medial vein to node, and central region of cubitus posterior + anal vein 1. Basal cell and proximal clavus clouded with tawny. Basal membrane grayish. Hind wing venation tawny except fuscous anal vein 3 and ambient vein. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2, and proximal cubital cell 2 along cubitus posterior grayish. Proximal cubital cells 1 and 2 clouded with tawny. Legs.—Castaneous with tawny extremities, coxae marked with tawny, femora striped with tawny. Fore femur with rounded primary spine against femur and larger, upright darker secondary spine. Fore tibiae castaneous, middle tibiae with proximal half tawny, hind tibiae tawny striped with castaneous, tibial spurs and comb castaneous. Tarsi castaneous, middle and hind tarsi lighter at base. Pretarsal claw castaneous, lighter at base. Operculum.—Male operculum tawny with castaneous base and anteromedial region, extending to middle of sternite II, extending medially to middle of meracathus. Lateral margin straight, slightly curved posterior margin, rounded medial and lateral angles, medial margin straight to base. Meracanthus tawny with castaneous base. Operculum covered with short white pile, more dense at base, white pruinosity on base, more dense laterally, short white pile in center of meracanthus.


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FIGURE 13. Torresia sanjuanensis Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male stridulatory apparatus. (D) Holotype male timbal. (E) Holotype male operculum. (F) Holotype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Holotype male posterior view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 2 mm, C = 1 mm, D–E = 2 mm, and F–G = 1 mm.



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Abdomen.—Tergites 1 and 2 piceous, tergites 3–8 dark castaneous, with posterior, transverse tawny posterior margin. Lateral tergite 1 with tawny mark on anterior and above timbal and tawny spots on posterior midline and posterior lateral margin with timbal cavity. Tergite 2 with tawny mark along timbal cavity. Tergites covered with short golden and silvery pile, more dense laterally, and white pruinosity tergites 1 and 2 meidal to timbal. Sternites I and II castaneous, sternite I with posterior and sternite II with anterior transverse tawny mark along midline. Sternites III–VII castaneous with tawny posterior margin, lighter on lateral margin with epipleurites, epipleurites castaneous with lighter medial margin and tawny posterior margin. Sternites covered with golden and silvery pile, longer silvery pile very dense on midline of sternites I and II. Male sternite VIII castaneous with lighter dorsal margin for proximal half, posterior margin pointed with long golden pile. Timbal with 13 long and 10 short ribs. Male genitalia.—Pygofer castaneous, darker bordering tawny posterior, pygofer upper lobe flattened against pygofer. Median uncus lobe castaneous, tawny castaneous along midline, slightly arched in cross-section, tapering to rounded terminus at about half its length, lateral margin sinuate. Anal styles castaneous with tawny edges, extending to length of dorsal beak. Aedeagus castaneous and tawny with two curving spines, left spine with two cornuti, long curled tawny endotheca. Female unknown. Measurements (mm).—N = 6 males, mean (range). Length of body: male 16.3 (15.6–16.9); length of forewing: male 19.7 (18.2–20.4); width of forewing: male 6.9 (6.6–7.2); length of head: male 2.23 (2.2–2.3); width of head including eyes: male 6.0 (5.8–6.2); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 6.5 (6.2–6.8); width of mesonotum: male 5.7 (5.1–6.0). Notes.—Torresia sanjuanensis sp. n. is from the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Chonosia longiopercula Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 14) Chonosia longiopercula nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 5, Table 3.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “La Rioja / Dto. Capital, 6.5 km / N.E. of Bazan / 19 Jan. 1988 / Heath / Sanborn-Noriega Coll.”. PARATYPES: four male and one female same data as holotype (three male and one female MSHC, one male AFSC). Etymology. The species is named for the long male opercula which are the longest known for the genus. Diagnosis.—Male specimens of C. longiopercula sp. n. can be differentiated by the length of their opercula as no other species of Chonosia has opercula reaching past half-length sternite III. Females can be differentiated by their larger body size (32.5 mm) from C. atrodorsalis Torres, 1945 (about 24 mm) and C. trigonocelis Torres, 1945 (about 26 mm). The notch on the posterior of sternite VII in the new species has parallel sides while the notch of C. septentrionala sp. n. is circular, the notch of C. papa (Berg, 1882) rev. stat. has parallel sides posteriorly with a circular anterior terminus, and the notch expands anteriorly into a tear drop shape in C. crassipennis (Walker, 1858). Description Coloration.—Ground color of tawny and ferruginous. Head.—Head 1.23–1.4X wider than mesonotum with transverse fuscous mark between eyes enclosing ocelli, expanding anteriorly to central frontoclypeal suture and posteriorly to posterior margin of head, mark extends along anterior margin of eye to transverse mark across gena to antenna fusing with fuscous mark on supra-antennal plate. Tawny spots within transverse mark anterolateral to lateral ocellus, in posterior cranial depression and on posterior epicranial suture. Posterior to eye fuscous. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes greenish tawny. Long white pile on posterior head and posterior to eye. Postclypeus fuscous, rounded anteriorly, with ventral central sulcus, 12 transverse grooves, ferruginous transverse ridges, a central strip on midline, lateral margin of postclypeus and posterior junction with anteclypeus tawny, and with white pile laterally, within lateral transverse grooves, and within central sulcus. Anteclypeus ferruginous, tawny spot on anterior midline in paratypes. Rostrum ferruginous, labium piceous laterally and on tip, reaching to posterior coxae. Gena tawny with central fuscous stripe between postclypeus and eye. Lorum ferruginous. Long white pile on lateral gena and lorum, short white pile on medial gena and lorum. White pruinosity on lateral postclypeus, anteclypeus, gena and lorum. Scape ferruginous, pedicel dark tawny with fuscous distal annulus, remaining antennal segments fuscous.


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FIGURE 14. Chonosia longiopercula Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male stridulatory apparatus. (D) Holotype male timbal. (E) Holotype male operculum. (F) Paratype female operculum. (G) Paratype male lateral view of genitalia. (H) Paratype male posterior view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (J) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 5 mm, C = 1 mm, D = 2 mm, E = 5 mm, and F–J = 2 mm.



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Thorax.—Pronotum ferruginous, tawny along anterior margin and in midline. Fuscous marks on disc medial to paramedian fissures and connected across midline, and on anterior and central disc between paramedian and lateral fissures, and between lateral and ambient fissures. Lateral mark extends onto medial lateral margin of pronotal collar along anterior of the tawny pronotal collar and the ambient fissure fusing with a mark across the posterior disc between the posterior paramedian fissure and posterior lateral fissure, and fusing across midline in ambient groove. White pile in anterior lateral and paramedian fissures, pile in lateral ambient fissure in some paratypes. Mesonotum ferruginous with piceous submedian and lateral sigillae. Piceous marks anteriorly between sigillae, lateral to the lateral sigillae, and between anterior arms of cruciform elevation. The mark anterior to the cruciform elevation extends anteriorly along midline narrowing to anterior margin between submedian sigillae. Lateral mesonotum marked with tawny in some paratypes. White pile and pruinosity laterally, between anterior arms of cruciform elevation and along anterior margin, wing groove with heavy white pruinosity. Metanotum ferruginous with white pruinosity. Ventral thoracic plates fuscous except ferruginous posterior basisternum 2, posterior and medial episternum 2, lateral anepimeron 2, and posterior basisternum 3, epimeral lobe tawny. Venter covered with short white pile and white pruinosity. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Venation tawny, fuscous between costa and radius + subcostal vein, pterostigma reddish. Basal cell, cubital cell and proximal third of clavus clouded with tawny. Basal membrane reddish. Hind wing venation tawny. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2 and proximal half of anal vein 1, and proximal one fourth of radial cell reddish, reddish in anal cells 2 and 3 distally margined with infuscation. Infuscation in proximal cubital cells 1 and 2 and medial cell. Legs.—Coxae, trochanter and femora ferruginous striped with fuscous. Fore femur with primary spine almost parallel to femur and larger, upright secondary spine, spines with fuscous base and tip along tawny ridge. Tibiae and tarsi ferruginous, striped with fuscous in one paratype, tibial spurs and comb testaceous with fuscous tips. Pretarsal claw ferruginous with fuscous tips. Legs with white pile and white pruinosity, both more dense proximally. Operculum.—Male operculum ochraceous, with fuscous base, reaching posterior margin of sternite V, extend as far as the middle of sternite VII in some paratypes. Lateral margin stepped mediad, posterior margin rounded, medial margin straight until constricting at base. Medial margin extends to middle of hind coxa. Meracanthus ochraceous with fuscous base, base tawny in some paratypes. Operculum covered with short white pile, more dense at base, white pruinosity at base, more dense laterally. Female operculum ochraceous with fuscous base posterior margin rounded extending medially to middle of meracanthus, not reaching to posterior margin of sternite II. Meracanthus ochraceous with broad, fuscous base. Abdomen.—Tergites ferruginous posteriorly and laterally, fuscous anteromedially with fuscous lateral spots. Timbal with 14 long and 13 short ribs. Tergites covered with short white pile, longer pile laterally and posteriorly, and white pruinosity, pruinosity more dense on lateral tergites 1 and 2, coverage decreasing on more posterior tergites. Sternites ferruginous, posterior margins of sternites III–VI red, red absent or anterior sternites fuscous in some paratypes, posterior sternite II fuscous. Long white pile medially on sternite II, white pruinosity dense on sternites I and II and laterally on sternites III–VII and epipleurites 3–6. Male sternite VII ferruginous with curving sides and straight posterior margin. Sternite VIII ferruginous with long white pile. Male genitalia.—Pygofer ferruginous with fuscous anterior, pygofer upper lobe folded medially covered with white pruinosity. Pygofer basal lobe short with fuscous rounded terminus. Median uncus lobe with parallel sided base, tapering to rounded terminus at about half length, central ridge tawny. Anal styles ferruginous with fuscous tips, extending to level of dorsal beak. Aedeagus fuscous with tawny membrane and two curved fuscous spines, endotheca recurved and tawny. Female genitalia.—Sternite VII dark tawny with lateral ferruginous spots and anterolateral fuscous marks, posterior margin sinuate with thin, parallel sided medial notch. Abdominal segment 9 ferruginous, fuscous anterodorsally and laterally, mark not reaching posterior margin. Long white pile and pruinosity on abdominal segment 9. Anal styles ferruginous with fuscous tips, reaching beyond dorsal beak. Gonocoxite IX ferruginous with white pile and pruinosity, gonapophysis VII castaneous, gonapophysis X piceous with long white pile near tip. Ovipositor sheath extending slightly beyond tip of dorsal beak and anal styles. Measurements (mm).—N = 5 males or 1 females, mean (range). Length of body: male 33.0 (31.0–34.7), female 32.5; length of forewing: male 41.2 (39.2–43.4), female 43.2; width of forewing: male 14.6 (13.1–15.7), female 15.4; length of head: male 5.5 (5.0–5.9), female 6.1; width of head including eyes: male 16.2 (15.2–16.9),


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female 16.7; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 15.5 (14.5–16.4), female 16.9; width of mesonotum: male 12.3 (11.9–13.0), female 13.5. Notes.—Chonosia longiopercula sp. n. is from the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Chonosia septentrionala Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. (Figure 15) Chonosia septentrionala nom. nud. Sanborn et al. 2011a, p. 4–5, Tables 2–3.

Type material.—ARGENTINA. HOLOTYPE: male (INHS), “Tucuman / Dto. Trancas. Ruta 9 / ca. Trancas. 17–I–1988 / J.E. & M.S. Heath, Al / Sanborn & F. Noriega Coll.”. PARATYPES: one male and one female (MSHC) same data as holotype; two male (MSHC) “Catamarca / Ruta 40. 1 km No. of / Rio Salado. 20–I–1988 / J.E. & M.S. Heath, Al / Sanborn & F. Noriega Coll.”; one male (MSHC) “La Rioja / Dto. San Blas de los / Sauces. Salicas / 20 Jan. 1988 / Heath / Sanborn-Noriega Coll.”. Etymology. The species is named for northern distribution of the species compared to its congeners. Diagnosis.—Male specimens of C. septentrionala sp. n. can be differentiated by the length of their opercula which reach to the middle of sternite III. The opercula of Chonosia longiopercula sp. n. extend to sternites V and VII, while the opercula of C. papa (Berg, 1882) rev. stat., C. atrodorsalis, and C. crassipennis do not reach the posterior of sternite II. Females can be differentiated by their larger body size (about 30 mm) from C. atrodorsalis Torres, 1945 (about 24 mm) and C. trigonocelis Torres, 1945a (about 26 mm). The notch on the posterior of sternite VII of C. septentrionala sp. n. is circular, has parallel sides in C. longiopercula sp. n., has parallel sides posteriorly with a circular anterior terminus in C. papa, and the notch expands anteriorly into a tear drop shape in C. crassipennis (Walker, 1858). Description Coloration.—Ground color ferruginous and tawny marked with piceous. Head.—Head 1.26–1.32X as wide as mesonotum. Head with laterally fuscous and medially piceous transverse mark between eyes enclosing ocelli, expanding anteriorly to central frontoclypeal suture and posteriorly to posterior margin of head. Mark extends along anterior margin of eye to transverse mark across gena to antenna fusing with fuscous mark on lateral supra-antennal plate. Posterior to eye fuscous. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes greenish tawny. Dorsum covered with short silvery pile, long silvery pile on posterior head and posterior to eye. Postclypeus fuscous, rounded anteriorly, with ventral central sulcus and 12 transverse grooves, transverse ridges ferruginous, tawny central strip on midline, lateral margin, and posterolateral junction with anteclypeus. Silvery pile laterally, within lateral transverse grooves, and within central sulcus, white pruinosity laterally. Anteclypeus piceous with long white pile and white pruinosity. Mentum tawny, labium ferruginous medially, piceous laterally and on tip, reaching beyond posterior coxae. Gena tawny with central fuscous stripe between postclypeus and eye. Lorum ferruginous with tawny anterolateral corner. Long white and short silvery pile and white pruinosity on gena and lorum. Scape and pedicel ferruginous with tawny junction, flagellar segments piceous. Thorax.—Pronotum ferruginous with tawny anterior margin and midline. Piceous on disc medial to paramedian fissures connected across midline, and on anterior, central and posterior disc between paramedian and lateral fissures. Posterior mark curving mediad fusing on midline. Ambient fissure mark extending lightly onto anterior midline of pronotal collar. Marks on anterior and central disc between lateral and ambient fissures. Lateral mark extends onto medial portion of pronotal collar lateral margin and along ambient fissure fusing with mark across posterior disc between posterior paramedian fissure and posterior lateral fissures. Pronotal collar tawny, fuscous along posterior margin and posterior margin of lateral angle. Pronotum covered with silvery pile. Mesonotum ferruginous with piceous submedian sigillae except central lateral portion along parapsidal suture. Mark in lateral sigillae extends onto posterolateral mesonotum. Medial mark extends posteriorly from anterior margin, expands to medial side of scutal depression, constricts between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, and terminates on anterior disc of cruciform elevation. Anterior arms of cruciform elevation with longitudinal fuscous mark on anterior surface. Wing groove ferruginous medially, tawny laterally. Short, silvery pile covering dorsum, white pruinosity laterally, between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, surrounding scutal depression, and within wing groove. Metanotum ferruginous with white pruinosity. Ventral thoracic plates fuscous except tawny lateral



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FIGURE 15. Chonosia septentrionala Sanborn & Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male stridulatory apparatus. (D) Holotype male timbal. (E) Holotype male operculum. (F) Paratype female operculum. (G) Paratype male lateral view of genitalia. (H) Paratype male posterior view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (J) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B = 5 mm, C = 1 mm, D = 2 mm, E = 5 mm, and F–J = 2 mm.


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and posterior anepisternum 2 and epimeral lobe and ferruginous lateral anepimeron 2 and basisternum 3. Venter covered with long white pile and white pruinosity. Forewing and hind wings.—Hyaline. Venation tawny proximally, becoming ferruginous distally with light infuscation along veins, fuscous between costa and radius + subcostal vein. Basal cell, cubital cell and proximal third of clavus clouded with tawny. Basal membrane reddish gray. White pruinosity in basal cell, along cubital cell, in proximal clavus. Hind wing venation tawny except ochraceous radius posterior, veins margined with infuscation. Vanal fold, anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2 and proximal one fourth of anal vein 1, and proximal cubital and radial cell reddish gray, reddish in anal cells 2 and 3 distally margined with infuscation. Legs.—Tawny marked with fuscous and ferruginous, articulations bright red in one paratype. Coxae, trochanter and femora ferruginous striped with fuscous. Fore femur with primary spine almost parallel to femur and larger, upright secondary spine, spines tawny with fuscous tips along tawny ridge. Tibiae and tarsi tawny with fuscous mark proximally, tibial spurs and comb tawny proximally, fuscous distally. Pretarsal claw tawny with fuscous tips. Legs with white pile and white pruinosity, both more dense proximally. Operculum.—Male operculum ochraceous, with fuscous base, reaching to half-length sternite III. Lateral margin sinuate, rounded posterolateral margin, posterior margin angled anteriorly, posteromedial margin rounded, medial margin straight until constricting at base. Medial margin extends slightly medial to meracanthus. Meracanthus ochraceous with fuscous base. Operculum and meracanthus covered with short white pile and white pruinosity, more dense laterally and on base. Female operculum ochraceous posteriorly, fuscous anteriorly, posterior margin rounded extending medially to middle of meracanthus, not reaching to posterior margin of sternite II. Meracantus ochraceous with fuscous base. Abdomen.—Tergites ferruginous posteriorly and laterally, fuscous anteromedially with fuscous lateral spots, tergite 2 with tawny anterior margin along timbal cavity. Timbal with 16 long and 14 short ribs. Tergites covered with short white pile, longer pile posterolaterally, and white pruinosity, pruinosity more dense laterally. Sternites tawny ferruginous posteriorly, fuscous anteriorly, sternite II more fuscous, sternite III with fuscous only anteromedially, proportion of fuscous variable in paratypes, one paratype with red posterior margins. Epipleurites fuscous with tawny ferruginous posterior. Long white pile medially on sternite II, silvery pile on sternites, white pruinosity dense on sternites I and II, laterally and epipleurites. Male sternite VII with curving sides and rounded posterior margin. Male sternite VIII tawny ferruginous, fuscous at base and along posterior midine with long and short white pile and white pruinosity. Male genitalia.—Pygofer piceous anteriorly, ferruginous posteriorly, pygofer upper lobe folded medially and covered with white pruinosity. Pygofer basal lobe short with fuscous rounded terminus. Median uncus lobe fuscous with parallel sided base, tapering to rounded terminus at about half its length, central ridge tawny. Anal styles tawny, fuscous centrally, extending beyond level of dorsal beak. Aedeagus fuscous with tawny membrane and two curved fuscous spines, endotheca recurved and tawny. Female genitalia.—Sternite VII dark tawny with lateral ferruginous spots and anterolateral fuscous marks, posterior margin curving to rounded medial notch. Abdominal segment 9 piceous, ferruginous tawny posterodorsally and ventrolaterally with long white and short silvery pile and pruinosity on abdominal segment 9. Anal styles ferruginous tawny with fuscous tips, not reaching beyond dorsal beak. Gonocoxite IX ferruginous, gonapophysis VII castaneous, gonapophysis X castaneous with long white pile near tip and white pruinosity. Ovipositor sheath extending to base of anal styles. Measurements (mm).—N = 5 males or 1 females, mean (range). Length of body: male 34.0 (31.5–35.4), female 30.6; length of forewing: male 41.4 (37.0–43.8), female 40.6; width of forewing: male 14.3 (12.7–15.3), female 13.3; length of head: male 5.7 (5.4–6.0), female 5.9; width of head including eyes: male 16.5 (15.3–18.2), female 15.7; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 16.0 (15.4–17.1), female 16.4; width of mesonotum: male 12.8 (12.0–13.7), female 12.4. Notes.—Chonosia septentrionala sp. n. is from the Chaco and Monte floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).



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Checklist of the cicada fauna of Argentina A total of 108 species, 37 genera, eight tribes, and three subfamilies are currently represented in the Argentine cicada fauna.

Family Cicadidae Latreille, 1802 Subfamily Cicadinae Latreille, 1802 Tribe Zammarini Distant, 1905 Odopoea Stål, 1861 Adusella Haupt 1918: 84. Edholmbergia Delétang 1919: 70.

Type species. Tettigonia dilatata Fabricius 1775 (Jamaica). Remarks. The genus is spread over most of tropical South and Central America and into the Caribbean with species reported from the Antilles, Argentina, Brazil, Hispaniola, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Peru (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2006a; 2007b; 2013).

Odopoea insignifera Berg, 1879 O[dopoea] insignifera Berg 1879: 135.

Type locality. Tucumán and Salta, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from Argentina and has been reported from Tucumán, Jujuy, and Salta Provinces (Berg 1879; Hayward 1942; Torres 1946; Hayward 1960; Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Goemans 2010). We collected specimens in Salta Province. The species was collected in the middle levels of the Yunga floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Odopoea signata (Haupt, 1918) rev. stat., comb. n. Adusella signata Haupt 1918: 84.

Type locality. Catamarca, Argentina. Remarks. Delétang (1919) incorrectly transferred Tettigades lebruni Distant, 1906 to a new genus: Edholmbergia. However, the illustration of E. lebruni in Delétang (1919) clearly does not match the type specimen of T. lebruni in the BMNH and T. lebruni has been reassigned to Tettigades (Torres 1958a). Metcalf (1963a) synonymized T. lebruni, O. venturii Distant, 1906, Adusella signata and Edholmbergia lebruni with O. lebruni. Odopoea venturii was considered correctly a distinct species in Duffels & van der Laan (1985). The figures of Adusella signata in Haupt (1918) and Edholmbergia lebruni in Delétang (1919) appear to depict the same species. Both are members of the genus Odopoea rather than Tettigades. Therefore, Edholmbergi is retained as a junior synonym of Odopoea despite the fact it was originally produced for a species that is now classified in the genus Tettigades. The taxon T. lebruni was misapplied to the specimen used as the type for the genus Edholmbergi. As a result, Adusella signata rev. stat. is resurrected as a valid species and reassigned to Odopoea to become O. signata (Haupt, 1918) comb. n. The lateral extensions of the pronotum in O. signata are less expansive than O. venturii, the forewing is more ovoid, and the zig-zag pattern of infuscation along the transverse veins at the base of the apical cells may also be incomplete. It also appears to have a more southerly distribution than O. venturii with specimens being collected in Catamarca and La Rioja Provinces (Metcalf 1963a; Goemans 2010) while O. venturii has been reported from Catamarca, Salta, and Tucumán (Distant 1906a; Hayward 1942; Torres 1946; Hayward


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1960) in Argentina extending northward through Bolivia (AFS unpublished) into Peru (Jacobi, 1951). Therefore, we resurrect Odopoea signata as a valid species.

Odopoea venturii Distant, 1906 Odopoea venturii Distant 1906a: 150 (type material examined)

Type locality. Salta Province, Argentina. Remarks. Torres (1945b) synonymized Adusella signata and Edholmbergi lebruni into O. venturii but these taxa represent multiple species as outlined above. Odopoea venturii was listed correctly as a valid species in Duffels & van der Laan (1985). The species was reported from Catamarca, Salta, and Tucumán (Distant 1906a; Hayward 1942; Torres 1946; Hayward 1960) in Argentina extending northward through Bolivia (AFS unpublished) into Peru (Jacobi 1951).

Zammara Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 Type species. Tettigonia tympanum Fabricius, 1803b (Brazil). Remarks. The genus is spread over the neotropics with records from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2006a; 2007a; 2008a; 2010a; 2011a; 2011b; 2013).

Zammara strepens Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 Cicada tympanum Palisot de Beavois 1813: 132. Zammara strepens Amyot & Audinet-Serville 1843: 469 nom. nov. pro Cicada tympanum Palisot de Beauvois, 1813 [nec Cicada tympanum Fabricius, 1803b].

Type locality. Santo Domingo, Brazil. Remarks. Previous records for Z. tympanum (Fabricius) in Argentina appear to be references to the invalid Cicada tympanum Palisot de Beauvois, 1813. The previous records for Z. tympanum (Metcalf 1963a) are from northeastern Argentina where the specimens studied were collected. Zammara strepens is also distributed in southeastern Brazil (Amyot & Audinet-Serville 1843; Metcalf 1963a). Zammara tympanum appears to be a more northernly distributed species with records from Brazil, Peru, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras and Belize (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2006b; 2011b; 2013). Zammara strepens has been reported from Argentina, Brazil, and French Guiana (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2011b; 2013; Sanborn et al. 2011a) but no specific locations within Argentina were provided. We collected the species in the understory of the Paranense floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Misiones, Cataratas, 24-XII-1986, J.E. & M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Misiones, Campo Viera, F.H. Walz, XII–1955 (one male, FSCA, one male AFSC); Misiones, Parque Nacional Iguazú, Research Station CIES, 185 msnm, 6-I-2008, HG/ Search, S 25o 40.733’ W 54o 26.972’, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Goemans 08.AR.MN.IES (15 males and 11 females, UCMS).

Tribe Fidicinini Distant, 1905 Subtribe Fidicinina Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 Fidicina Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 Type species. Tettigonia mannifera Fabricius, 1803a (South America).



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Remarks. The genus was split into multiple genera by Boulard & Martinelli (1996). The remnant species are distributed in the Antilles, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2007a; 2010a; 2011a; 2011b; 2013).

Fidicina affinis Haupt, 1918 Fidicina affinis Haupt 1918: 83.

Type locality. Catamarca and La Rioja, Argentina. Remarks. The species currently is known only from Catamarca and La Rioja Provinces of Argentina (Haupt 1918).

Fidicina torresi Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 Fidicina torresi Boulard & Martinelli 1996: 27.

Type locality. Punto Bemberg, Misiones, Argentina. Remarks. This includes previous references to Fidicina mannifera (Fabricius) from Misiones (e.g., Torres, 1946; Sanborn et al. 1995b). The species is now known from Argentina (Boulard & Martinelli 1996), Brazil (Sanborn 2008a), and Paraguay (Sanborn 2011). We collected the species in the middle levels of the Paranense floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a) the species is endothermic (Sanborn et al. 1995b).

Fidicinoides Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 Type species. Fidicina picea Walker, 1850 (Mexico). Remarks. The genus Fidicinoides almost doubled in size to 35 species since its description and is about twice as diverse as the genus Fidicina (Santos et al. 2010). Members of the genus were collected in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Boulard & Martinelli 1996; Sanborn 2001; 2006a; 2007a; 2007b; 2008a; 2010a; 2011b; 2013).

Fidicinoides determinata (Walker, 1858). New Record. Fidicina determinata Walker 1858b: 14 (type material examined).

Type locality. Venezuela. Remarks. The species was incorrectly synomymized with F. picea Walker, 1850 (Distant, 1881) along with other species exhibiting lateral mesonotal stripes of white pile but was determined to be a valid species by Boulard & Martinelli (1996). Fidicinoides determinata was recorded from Brazil, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Boulard & Martinelli 1996; Sanborn 2001; 2006a; 2007a; 2007b; 2008a; Sueur 2002; Sanborn et al. 2008; Santos et al. 2010). Material examined. Jujuy Province, 13 km N San Salvador de Jujuy, RN 9, Campground Yala, 1452 msnm, 18I-2008, S 24o 07.049’ W 65o 24.227’, Col. Moulds, Hill & Marshall. 08.AR.JY.SJN.01 (one female, UCMS).

Fidicinoides ferruginosa Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Mina Clavero, Córdoba, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known from the type series from Córdoba and Santiago del Estero Provinces and a


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specimen figured in Bolcatto et al. (2006) from Santa Fe Province (De Santis et al. 2007). The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Fidicinoides opalina (Germar, 1821) Cicada opalina Germar 1821: 97. Fidicina phaeochlora Walker 1858a: 8.

Type locality. São Paulo, Brazil. Remarks. The species recently was transferred to Fidicinoides (Sanborn et al. 2008). The species was reported from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru in Metcalf (1963a) and from the following provinces in Argentina: Córdoba (Deletang 1919), Misiones (Torres 1941) and Entre Rios (Berg 1879).

Fidicinoides vinula (Stål, 1854) comb. n., rev. status. New Record. F[idicina] vinula Stål 1854: 242 (type material examined).

Type locality. Brazil. Remarks. Syntypes of Fidicina vinula Stål, 1854 were studied in the NHRS along with additional specimens from Brazil and Argentina. These specimens show that Fidicina vinula is morphologically distinct from F. pronoe and that the species should be assigned to Fidicinoides Boulard & Martinelli. The taxon was reported previously from Brazil (Metcalf 1963a) but some of the records to other South American countries for F. pronoe may refer to F. vinula. The short descriptions often seen in historical taxonomy have led to confusion in the identification of species (e.g. Sanborn 2008b). Fidicina vinula Stål, 1854 was created for a Brazilian cicada. Stål’s (1854) original description was 36 words long and, along with other abbreviated descriptions of the time period, may have led to confusion as to the identity of the taxon by later authors. Several species have been described from the New World with similar thoracic markings and lateral pilosity on the mesothorax, that may have contributed to incorrect synonymy of species. Similarly, Boulard & Martinelli (1996) resurrected F. determinata from the synonymy with F. picea (Walker, 1850) once they determined the taxa to be distinct. Stål (1862) synonymized F. vinula to Cicada pronoe Walker, 1850 without explanation and transferred C. pronoe to Fidicina Amyot & Audinet-Serville. The color patterns identified in the original descriptions of F. vinula (Stål, 1854) and F. pronoe (Walker, 1850) differ but the lateral pilosity may have caused Stål to synonymize the species. Another species with lateral pilosity, Cicada compacta (Walker, 1858), was also synomymized with C. pronoe and F. vinula (Distant, 1881). Fidicinoides vinula differs from F. pronoe in the color of lateral mesonotum that is ground color in F. pronoe but lightly colored in F. vinula, there is a pair of medial piceous spots anterior to the pronotal collar in F. pronoe that are absent in F. vinula, the frons bends at an approximate right angle to the vertex in F. pronoe but the frons slops to the postclypeus in F. vinula, the black mark on the head of F. vinula is larger, the postclypeus markings are darker in F. pronoe, the secondary femoral spine is upright in F. pronoe but angled in F. vinula, the posterolateral opercular margin in the male is extended into a triangle in F. vinula but there is no posterior extension in F. pronoe, the entire timbal cover is black in F. pronoe but only in the dorsal half in F. vinula, the abdominal tergites of F. pronoe are covered with thick black pile which is lacking in F. vinula, basal lobe of the pygofer is extended in F. pronoe but forms a small point in F. vinula, the medial uncal lobes are short and bent in F. pronoe but are extended and not bent in F. vinula, the lateral uncal lobes are longer than the medial lobes and are bent at an approximate right angle terminating in a curving triangular shape in F. pronoe while the lateral uncal lobes are short and folded under the medial uncal lobes in F. vinula, and the lateral posterior extensions of sternite VII in the female are larger in F. vinula than in F. pronoe. The species was known previously from Brazil (Stål 1854). All Argentine specimens we have seen were collected in Corrientes Province.



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Material examined. Corrientes, II–9–1946, M. Birabén (one male, MLPA); Corrientes Province, 5 km SW Mburucuyá town, 77 msnm, 9–I–2008, S 28o 08.339’ W 58o 21.814’, Col. M. Moulds, K. Hill & D. Marshall. 08.AR.CN.MSW.01-28 (20 males and eight females, UCMS).

Bergalna Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 Type species. Fidicina pullata Berg, 1879 (Argentina). Remarks. The genus has representatives collected in Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2010a; 2013).

Bergalna pullata (Berg, 1879) Fidicina pullata Berg 1879: 139 (type material examined).

Type locality. Corrientes, Argentina. Remarks. The species was collected in Argentina and Brazil (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Martinelli & Zucchi 1997). The species was reported from Corrientes Province in Argentina (Berg 1879; Torres 1945b) and we identified a male from Misiones Province. New provincial record. S. JOSÉ–(Mis), 42, NICOLAO S.S. (one male, MLPA).

Subtribe Guyalnina Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 Proarna Stål, 1864 Type species. Cicada hilaris Germar, 1830 (“Australia?” was given as the type locality but it is a New World genus). Remarks. The genus is widespread through the neotropics with species recorded from the Antilles, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, Peru, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, Virgin Islands, and West Indies (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2006a; 2007a; 2007b; 2008a; 2010a; 2011a; 2011b; 2013).

Proarna alalonga Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. 3.5 km So. of General Enrique Masconi, Salta, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series from Salta Province, Argentina. The species is associated with the Yunga floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Proarna bergi (Distant, 1892) Tympanoterpes bergi Distant 1892: 61 (type material examined).

Type locality. Argentina. Remarks. The species was reported from Colombia and Argentina (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2010a) but the reference to Colombia was an error made by Metcalf (1963a) in reading the source of specimens in Distant’s (1892) original paper (Sanborn 2010a). The distribution described for this species in the literature has been confused due to lack of clarity about the identity of P. bergi and P. bufo (Torres 1961a). Currently P. bergi is known only from Argentina with the provinces of Santa Fe and Tucumán specifically named


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(Costilla 1969; Costilla et al. 1971; Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2007). We collected specimens in Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Entre Rios, La Rioja, Santiago del Estero and Tucumán Provinces and a western variety in Catamarca, Jujuy, Salta, and San Luis Provinces. The species is distributed more northernly and westerly than P. bufo. The species is associated with the Chaco, Espinal, Monte, and Pampas floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Prov. Buenos Aires, 8 km North of Ezeiza Airpport on Autopista Ricchieri, 5-I-1992, A. Sanborn & P. Ganter coll. (one male, AFSC); Catamarca, 1 km So. of Amadores, 4-I-1988, M.S. & J.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Catamarca, 1 km So. of Amadores, 4-I-1988, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC); Catamarca, 1 km So. of Amadores, 4-I-1988, F. Noriega coll. (one male, MSHC); Prov. Catamarca, Colonia Nueva Coneta, 9-I-1992, A. Sanborn & P. Ganter coll. (11 males, one female, AFSC); Prov. Catamarca, Andalgala, 5–29X-1973, A. & K. Hulse coll. (two males, one female, AFSC); Prov. Catamarca, Andalgala, 1–13-I-1974, A. & K. Hulse coll. (one female, AFSC); Cordoba, 36 km E. of Vicuña Mackenna, 22-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Entre Rios, Ruta 12—8 km No. of Rio Parana Guazu, 3-I-1988, Al Sanborn Coll. (two males, MSHC); Jujuy, 9 km No. of Grl. San Martin, 10-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); La Rioja, Dto. San Blas de los Sauces, Salicas, 19-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. (three males, MSHC); Salta, Yatasto, 17-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. ex. grass (two males, MSHC); Salta, Rosario de la Frontera, 17-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. ex. grass (four males, MSHC); Salta, 4 km So. of Rosario de la Frontera, 31-XII-1986, J.E. & M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Salta, 4 km So. of Rosario de la Frontera, 31XII-1986, F. Noriega coll. (one male, MSHC); Salta, Ruta 68 & Rio Pulares, 1 km No. of El Carril, 16-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. (two males, MSHC); Salta, 1 km E. of Macapillo, 9-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Salta, 3.5 km So. of Grl. Enrique Mosconi, 10-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Salta, 4 km No. of Pichinal, 11-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Salta, 3.5 km So. of Grl. Enrique Mosconi, 12-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. (one female, MSHC); Salta, General Guemes, 9-I-1988, Heath, Sanborn, Noriega Coll. (one female, MSHC); San Luis, ca. Eleodora Lobas, 28-I-1988, J.E. & M.S. Heath, Al Sanborn, & F. Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Prov. San Luis, Ruta 7, 3 km East of Mercedes, 6-I-1992, A. Sanborn & P. Ganter coll. (13 males, one female, AFSC); Santiago del Estero, Colonia Dora, 30-XII-1986, J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Santiago del Estero, Colonia Dora, 30XII-1986, J.E. & M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Santiago del Estero, Colonia Dora, 30-XII-1986, M.S. Heath Coll. (one female, MSHC); Santiago del Estero, Colonia Dora, 30-XII-1986, F, Noriega coll. (two males, MSHC); Santiago del Estero, Colonia Dora, 30-XII-1986, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC); Prov. Santiago del Estero, Fernandez, Ruta No. 34, 8-XII-2004, F. Penco leg. (one male, five females, AFSC).

Proarna bufo Distant, 1905 Proarna bufo Distant 1905a: 312 (type material examined).

Type locality. Argentina and Bolivia. Remarks. Torres (1961a) synomymized this species with P. bergi. This was probably due to the fact that the specimens examined were collected in a zone of overlap where the two species co-occur. The type specimen of P. bufo in the BMNH is morphologically distinct from the type of P. bergi. The two species also differ in their distribution and physiology (Sanborn et al. 1995b) and were considered to be separate species. Although the species was reported from Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Chaco, Formosa, La Pampa, La Rioja, Santa Fe, San Luis, Salta, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán Provinces (Torres 1946; Hayward 1942; 1960; Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2007), we determined P. bufo generally has a more southern and eastern range species than P. bergi. We collected specimens from Córdoba, Entre Rios and San Luis Provinces. The species is associated with the Espinal and Pampas floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Entre Rios, Ruta 12—8 km No. of Rio Parana Guazu, 3-I-1988, M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Entre Rios, Ruta 12—8 km No. of Rio Parana Guazu, 3-I-1988, J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, one female, MSHC); Entre Rios, Ruta 12—8 km No. of Rio Parana Guazu, 3-I-1988, F. Noriega coll. (two males, MSHC).



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Proarna capistrata Distant, 1885, rev. stat. Proarna capistrata Distant 1885: 60 (type material examined).

Type locality. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Remarks. Torres (1961) considered the species a junior synonym of P. montevidensis Berg. Torres’ specimens came from an area where the two species are sympatric and he considered the two species to be one (Torres 1961b). When compared to P. montevidensis, P. capistrata is smaller, has less infuscation in the forewing, has less dorsal coloration, proportionately smaller forewings, the anterior point of the timbal cover is angled dorsally rather than pointing anteriorly, male opercula are angulate medially rather than rounded, the posterior cruciform elevation is smoothly rounded rather than angulate, and the primary femoral spine is more upright, the secondary spine is narrower at the base and the distal spine is almost missing in P. capistrata. More importantly, the male genitalia differ in the size and shape of the lateral uncal lobes (Figure 16) and the medial unus lobes recurve dorsally at the posterior terminus in P. capistrata rather than forming a right angle. The species is known only from Buenos Aires Province, Argentina (Distant 1885).

Proarna dactyliophora Berg, 1879 Proarna dactyliophora Berg 1879: 143 (type material examined).

Type locality. Tucumán, Argentina. Remarks. The species may represent a complex of species based on geographic variability in the coloration patterns. The species has been collected in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Paraguay, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; De Santis et al. 2007; Sanborn 2007a; 2010a; 2011a). The species was reported from Catamarca, Chaco, Córdoba, Corrientes, Formosa, La Rioja, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán Provinces in Argentina (Berg 1879; Hayward 1942; Torres 1946; Hayward 1960; Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2007). We collected specimens in Chaco, Córdoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, La Pampa, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán Provinces in Argentina. The species is associated with the Chaco floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Entre Rios, Dto. Federacion, Ruta 14—2.5 km So. of Corrientes, 4-I-1988, M.S. Heath Coll. (two males, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Federacion, Ruta 14—2.5 km So. of Corrientes, 4-I-1988, J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Federacion, Ruta 14—2.5 km So. of Corrientes, 4-I-1988, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, one female, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Federacion, Ruta 14—2.5 km So. of Corrientes, 4-I-1988, F. Noriega coll. (two males, one female, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Gualeguaychu, Ruta 14—3 km So. of Rio Gualeguaychu, 3-I-1988, M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Gualeguaychu, Ruta 14—3 km So. of Rio Gualeguaychu, 3-I1988, J.E. Heath Coll. (two males, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Gualeguaychu, Ruta 14—3 km So. of Rio Gualeguaychu, 3-I-1988, Al Sanborn Coll. (three males, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Gualeguaychu, Ruta 14—3 km So. of Rio Gualeguaychu, 3-I-1988, F. Noriega coll. (three males, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Concordia, Ruta 14 & A del Pedernal, 3-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); La Pampa, Rt. 35—33 km SW Rt. 152, 4-XII1981, M.S. & J.E. Heath coll. EX: Prosopis (two males, MSHC); La Pampa, 20 km N Santa Rosa, 10-XII-1986 (MSHC); La Pampa, 20 km No. of Santa Rosa, 10-XII-1986, F. Noriega coll. EX: Mesquite (one male, MSHC).

Proarna insignis Distant, 1881 Proarna albida insignis Distant 1881: 12 (type material examined).

Type locality. Nicaragua and Panama. Remarks. The species is restricted to the grasslands of the cloud forest habitat in Argentina (Sanborn et al. 1995b; 2011a). The species was recorded from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2006a; 2007a; 2007b; 2010a; 2011b). We collected specimens in Salta Province. The species is associated with the clearings in the cloud forests of the Yunga floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).


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New provincial records. Salta, 3.5 km So. of Grl. Enrique Mosconi, 10-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (12 males, eight females, MSHC, one male, one female, AFSC);

FIGURE 16. Proarna capistrata Distant, 1885 rev. stat. and P. montevidensis Berg, 1882. (A) Male habitus (P. capistrata top, P. montevidensis bottom). (B) Proarna capistrata male dorsum. (C) Proarna montevidensis male dorsum. (D) Proarna capistrata male timbal cover. (E) Proarna montevidensis male timbal cover. (F) Proarna capistrata male operculum. (G) Proarna montevidensis male operculum. (H) Proarna capistrata male lateral view of genitalia. (I) Proarna montevidensis male lateral view of genitalia. (J) Proarna capistrata male posterior view of genitalia. (K) Proarna montevidensis male posterior view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B–G = 2 mm, and H–K = 1 mm.



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Proarna montevidensis Berg, 1882 Proarna montevidensis Berg 1882: 44 (type material examined).

Type locality. Montevideo, Uruguay. Remarks. The species was described from Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay (Metcalf 1963a; Torres 1961b; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; De Santis et al. 2007). It was reported from Buenos Aires, Entre Rios, Misiones, and Santa Fe Provinces (Torres 1961b; Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2007). We have collected specimens in Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Corrientes, and Entre Rios Provinces. The species is associated with the Pampas floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Prov. Catamarca, Colonia Nueva Coneta, 9-I-1992, A. Sanborn & P. Ganter coll. (one male, AFSC); Corrientes, Dto. P. de los Libres, 2 km NE Pacheta, 4-I-1988, Al Sanborn—M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC).

Proarna parva Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Salta, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series with specimens collected in Salta, Tucumán and Santiago del Estero Provinces and specimens not in the type series (due to damage) from Catamarca and La Rioja Provinces. The species is associated with the Yunga and Chaco floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Proarna praegracilis Berg, 1881 Proarna praegracilis Berg 1881: 264.

Type locality. Bolivia. Remarks. The species was reported in Tucumán Province in Argentina (Torres 1945a) and from Bolivia and Paraguay (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2011a). We were sent specimens from Chaco Province as well. New provincial records. Chaco, Rosa Azul Misiones, I-2004, P. Wagner (18 females, DECA, three females, AFSC).

Proarna pulverea (Olivier, 1790) Cicada pulverea Olivier 1790: 759.

Type locality. Surinam. Remarks. The species was recorded in Argentina, Brazil, Surinam, Uruguay and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2007a) with questionable references to Mexico (Sanborn 2007b). The species is reported from Cabo de San Antonio, Buenos Aires Province within Argentina (Berg 1882).

Proarna uruguayensis Berg, 1882 Proarna uruguayensis Berg 1882: 43 (type material examined).

Type locality. Montevideo, Uruguay. Remarks. The species was recorded from Buenos Aires Province in Argentina (Berg 1883) and Uruguay (Metcalf 1963a).


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Prasinosoma Torres, 1963 Type species. Proarna heidemanni Distant, 1905 (Bolivia). Remarks. Currently the species of the genus are recorded from Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2011a; 2013).

Prasinosoma fuembuenai Torres, 1963. New Record. Prasinosoma fuembuenai Torres 1963a: 311.

Type locality. Bolivia. Remarks. The species was known only previously from Bolivia (Duffels & van der Laan 1985). We collected specimens in Santiago del Estero Province. The species is associated with the Chaco floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). Material examined. Santiago del Estero, 7 km W of Pampa de los Guanacos, 9-I-1988, Heath-SanbornNoriega coll. (eight males, MHSC, three males, AFSC).

Prasinosoma heidemanni (Distant, 1905) Proarna heidemanni Distant 1905a: 311 (type material examined).

Type locality. Argentina and Sapucay, Paraguay. Remarks. The species was reported from Argentina and Paraguay (Metcalf 1963a). Specimens were collected in Corrientes, Formosa, and Misiones Provinces within Argentina (Torres 1963a). We collected specimens in Chaco, Corrientes, Misiones, and Santa Fe Provinces. The species is associated with the Chaco and Espinal floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Chaco, Dto. General Donovan, 5 km E Lapachito, 8-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Santa Fe, 2 km S Florencia, 29-XII-1986, Al Sanborn Coll., EX: Grass (one male, MSHC); Santa Fe, 7 km NW Tostado, 30-XII-1986, F. Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC).

Prasinosoma inconspicua (Distant, 1906) Proarna inconspicua Distant 1906a: 150 (type material examined).

Type locality. Misiones, Argentina. Remarks. The species was recorded from Argentina and Uruguay (Metcalf 1963a; Torres 1963a). Argentine specimens were collected previously in Misiones Province (Distant 1906a; Torres 1963a). We collected specimens in Corrientes Province. The species was collected in the Paranense floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Corrientes, Dto. Ituzaingo, Ruta 12, 3 km E of Ruta 38, 7-I-1988, Heath-SanbornNoriega Coll. (seven males, one female, MSHC, two males, AFSC).

Prasinosoma medialinea Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Corrientes, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series with specimens being collected in Corrientes Province. The species is associated with the transitional grasslands of the western Paranense and Chaco floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).



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Dorisiana Metcalf, 1952 Dorisia Delétang 1919: 83. Dorisiana Metcalf 1952: 229 nom. nov. pro Dorisia Delétang, 1919 nec Dorisia Moeschler, 1883.

Type species. Cicada semilata Walker, 1850 (St. Lucia and French Guiana). Remarks. The genus is spread over much of the New World with examples being reported from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Ruffinelli 1970; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Martinelli & Zucchi 1997; Sueur 2000; Sanborn 2006a; 2007a; 2007b; 2010a; 2011a; 2013; De Santis et al. 2007).

Dorisiana drewseni (Stål, 1854) C[icada] drewseni Stål 1854: 242 (type material examined). Fidicina gastracanthophora Berg 1879: 138.

Type locality. Minas Gerais, Brazil. Remarks. The species has been collected in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay (Metcalf 1963a; Ruffinelli 1970; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Martinelli & Zucchi 1997; De Santis et al. 2007; Sanborn 2011a). It has been reported from Buenos Aires (Berg 1879; Torres 1945b) and Santa Fe (Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2006; 2007) Provinces in Argentina. We collected specimens in Corrientes Province. The species is associated with the Chaco, Espinal, and Pampas floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Corrientes, Dto. Monte Caseros, 1 km So. of Mota Piedritas, 4-I-1988, HeathSanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC, one male, AFSC).

Dorisiana metcalfi Sanborn & Heath nom. nov. pro Cicada viridis Olivier, 1790 nec Cicada viridis Linnaeus, 1758. [Cicada] viridis Stoll 1788: 89, plate XXIII, Fig. 127. Cicada viridis Olivier 1790: 754 (type material examined). [Cicada] viridis Stoll 1792: 70, plate XXIII, Fig. 127. [Cicada viridis] Olivier 1797: plate 113, Fig 1. Cicada viridis Walker 1850: 120. Cicada viridis Dohrn 1859: 74. Fidicina viridis Distant 1906b: 92 (in part). Fidicina viridis Jacobi 1907a: 10. Fidicina viridis Distant 1914: 19 (in part). [Dorisia] viridis Delétang 1919: 85. Fidicina viridis Goding 1925: 5, 13. Fidicina viridis Daniel 1946: 244. Fidicina viridis Jacobi 1951: 89. Fidicina viridis Ciferri, Machado and Vital 1957: 16–22, Figs 1–7. Dorisiana viridis Wolda 1977: 239, 244, Table 1. Dorisiana viridis Wolda 1983: 95, 99, Fig 4. Dorisiana viridis Torres 1963b: 48, 52, 54, 56, Plate I, Fig 2. Dorisiana viridis Martinelli & Zucchi 1986: 16. Dorisiana viridis Martinelli & Zucchi 1987a: 469. Dorisiana viridis Martinelli & Zucchi 1987b: 470. Dorisiana viridis Martinelli & Zucchi 1989: 6, 8–9, 11, Fig. 2. Dorisiana viridis Martinelli 1990: 12–13. Dorisiana viridis Martinelli & Zucchi 1997: 135–141, Figs. 1–2, Plate 1 Fig. 11, Plate 2 Fig. 17, Table 1. Dorisiana viridis Albuquerque, Martinelli, Ros and Stülp 2000: 196. Dorisiana virides (sic) Paião, Meneguim, Casagrande and Leite 2002: S67. Dorisiana viridis Motta 2003: 19–22, Fig. 7, Table 1.


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Dorisiana viridis Almeida 2004: 104–105. Dorisiana viridis Cominetti, Aoki & Souza 2004: 125. Dorisiana viridis Ferreira, Aoki & Souza 2004: 125. Dorisiana viridis Martinelli 2004: 518–521, 524–526, 529–531, Figs 18.1–18.2, 18.4a, 18.4c, Table 18.1. Dorisiana viridis Martinelli, Maccagnan, Ribiero, Pereira & Santos 2004: 619. Dorisiana viridis Santos & Martinelli 2004: 630. Fidicina viridis Salazar Escobar 2005: 193. Dorisiana viridis Bolcatto, Medrano & De Santis 2006: 7–8, Fig 1E. Dorisiana viridis De Santis, Urteaga & Bolcatto 2006: 1. Dorisiana viridis Maccagnan, Martinelli, Sene & Prado 2006: sin pagination. Dorisiana viridis Maccagnan, Prado, Sene & Martinelli 2006: sin pagination. Dorisiana viridis Martinelli 2006: 2. Dorisiana viridis De Santis, Medrano, Sanborn & Bolcatto 2007: 4, 11, 14, 17, 19, Fig 1E, Fig 4, Table 1. Dorisiana viridis Sanborn 2007a: 28. Dorisiana viridis Santos & Martinelli 2007: 311. Dorisiana viridis Aoki, Lopes & de Souza 2010: 162. Dorisiana viridis Sanborn 2010a: 1595. Dorisiana viridis Maccagnan & Martinelli 2011: 446–449, 451, Fig. 1d, 2c, 3c, 4b, 5a, Table 1. Dorisiana viridis Oliviera, Martinelli, Bellon, & Maccagnan 2012: 370. Dorisiana viridis Sanborn 2011a: 466–467. Dorisiana viridis Decaro Júnior, Martinelli, Maccagnan & Ribeiro 2012: 1. Dorisiana viridis Santos-Cividanes, Sequino, Cividanes, Martinellli, Martins, & Perdoná 2013: 1221–1222.

Type locality. Surinam. Remarks. The species was synomymized incorrectly to Dorisiana semilata (Walker, 1850) by Metcalf (1952). The taxon represented by Cicada viridis Olivier, 1790 is distinct from D. semilata in genitalia and other morphological characteristics and multiple authors have continued to distinguish between the two taxa by publishing under the name D. viridis. However, Metcalf (1952) was correct in the name Cicada viridis being preoccupied. Linnaeus (1758) described Cicada viridis (presently Cicadella viridis [Cicadellidae]) and, thus, has priority over Cicada viridis Olivier, 1790. As a result, we propose Dorisiana metcalfi nom. nov. as a replacement name for the taxon represented by Cicada viridis Olivier, 1790. The species was reported from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Martinelli & Zucchi 1997; Sanborn 2007a; 2010a; 2011a). It was reported from Santa Fe Province in Argentina (De Santis et al. 2007). Dorisiana metcalfi nom. nov. is considered to be a valid species as outlined above and includes previous references to Argentine records to D. viridis (Delétang 1919; Martinelli & Zucchi 1997; Martinelli 2004; Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2007). We examined or collected additional material from Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa, and Salta Provinces. New provincial records. Chaco, PN Chaco, Campground. 77 msnm. 10 I 2008, Hg–vapor, S 26° 48.608’ W 59° 36.893’, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Goemans 08.AR.CC.CPL (16 males and 26 females, UCMS); Corrientes Province, PN Mburucuyá, campground, 120 msnm, 8-I-2008, Hg–vapor, S 28o 00.893’ W 58o 02.262’, Col. Moulds, Hill & Marshall. 08.AR.CN.MBU (eight males, UCMS); Formosa Province, Estancia, Guaycolec, 185 m, 25 km N of Formosa, 25o 59’ S 58o 12’ W, 26-II–10-III-1999, S.L. Heydon & J. Ledford, blacklight (one female, AFSC); Salta Province, Depto. Orán, El Cadral, 19-XII-2002, J. Carreras leg. (one male, AFSC).

Dorisiana noriegai Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Misiones, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series in Misiones Province, Argentina and Cordillera Province, Bolivia. Specimens were collected from the understory vegetation in the Paranense floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Dorisiana semilata (Walker, 1850) Cicada semilata Walker 1850: 122 (type material examined). Cicada passer Walker 1850: 124.



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Cicada brizo Walker 1850: 125. Cicada melisa Walker 1850: 127. Cicada melina Walker 1850: 128. Cicada panyases Walker 1850: 133. Cicada pidytes Walker 1850: 134. Cicada physcoa Walker 1850: 135. Cicada braure Walker 1850: 136. Cicada solennis Walker 1850: 143.

Type locality. St. Lucia (Antilles), Cayenne (French Guiana). Remarks. The species was reported previously from a wide geographic range. Records for the species have been published for Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, St. Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela (Walker 1850; Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2010a; 2011b). We collected specimens in Chaco Province. The species was collected in the Paranense and Chaco floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Chaco, Dto. Cmte. Fernandez, 3 km E. of Pres. Roque Saenz Peña, 8-I-1988, Al Sanborn Coll. (1 male, MSHC); Chaco, Dto. Cmte. Fernandez, 3 km E. of Pres. Roque Saenz Peña, 8-I-1988, F. Noriega coll. (1 male, MSHC).

Elassoneura Torres, 1964 Type species. Elassoneura carychrous Torres, 1964 (Argentina). Remarks. The genus is currently recorded only from Argentina (Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2013).

Elassoneura carychrous Torres, 1964 Elassoneura carychrous Torres 1964a: 136 (type material examined).

Type locality. Campo del Cielo, Santiago del Estero, Argentina. Remarks. The species currently is known only from Argentina and Paraguay (Torres 1964a) with specimens collected in Santiago del Estero and Corrientes Provinces within Argentina.

Tympanoterpes Stål, 1861 Type species. Cicada serricosta Germar, 1834 (Brazil). Remarks. The genus is distributed over much of southern South America. Records of specimens collected in Argentina, Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela, and Uruguay have been published (Metcalf 1963a; De Santis et al. 2007; Sanborn 2007a; 2013).

Tympanoterpes cordubensis Berg, 1884 Tympanoterpes cordubensis Berg 1884: 113 (type material examined).

Type locality. Córdoba, Argentina. Remarks. The species was reported from Córdoba Province (Berg 1884). We collected specimens in Córdoba and San Luis Provinces. The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. San Luis, ca. El Chorrillo, 22-I-1988, J.E. & M.S. Heath-Allen Sanborn-F. Noriega coll. (one male, MSHC, three males, AFSC); Prov. San Luis, San Luis, 6-I-1992, A. Sanborn & P. Ganter coll. (three males, AFSC).


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Tympanoterpes elegans Berg, 1882 Tympanoterpes elegans Berg 1882: 40 (type material examined).

Type locality. Argentina, Montevideo, Uruguay, and Brazil. Remarks. The species was reported from Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay (Metcalf 1963a). It was reported from the Entre Rios and Santa Fe Provinces (Berg 1882; Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2007) in Argentina. The reference to Buenos Aires (Metcalf 1963a) is actually in reference to the museum housing specimens studied by Berg (1882). We collected specimens in Córdoba, Entre Rios, La Pampa, Rìo Negro, and San Luis Provinces. The species is associated with the Espinal and Pampas floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Cordoba, 23–25 km N Huinea Renanco, 10-XII-1986, J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Cordoba, 34 km So. Of Salsacate, 14-XII-1986, F. Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Cordoba, 34 km So. Of Salsacate, 14-XII-1986, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC); La Pampa, Junction Rts. 188 & 35, 10-XII-1986, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, AFSC); La Pampa, Junction Rts. 188 & 35, 10-XII-1986, M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Rio Negro, 56 km E Choele Choel, 9-XII-1986, F. Noriega coll. (two males, MSHC); Rio Negro, 56 km E Choele Choel, 9-XII-1986, J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Rio Negro, 56 km E Choele Choel, 9-XII-1986, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Rio Negro, 56 km E Choele Choel, 9-XII-1986, M.S. Heath Coll. (two males, MSHC); Rio Negro, 56 km E Choele Choel, 9-XII-1986, A. Sanborn Coll. (three males, MSHC); San Luis, 4 km N San Jose del Morro, 11-XII-1986, M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); San Luis, 3 km S Rt 8 on Rt 148 btw Noschet & Concaran, 5-XII-1981, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll., EX: Bunchgrass (five males, MSHC).

Tympanoterpes serricosta (Germar, 1834) C[icada] serricosta Germar 1834: 62. Fidicina pusilla Berg 1879: 140.

Type locality. Brazil. Remarks. The species was reported from Argentina, Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2007a). Argentine specimens have been reported from Buenos Aires and Córdoba Provinces (Berg 1879). We collected specimens in Chaco Province. The species is associated with the Chaco floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Chaco, Dto. Independencia, 3 km SE of Avia Terai, 8-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (two males, MSHC, one male, AFSC).

Ariasa Distant, 1905 Type species. Tympanoterpes colombiae Distant, 1892 (Colombia). Remarks.The genus was recorded from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Surinam, Uruguay, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; De Santis et al. 2007; Sanborn 2007a; 2010a; 2011a; 2011b; 2013).

Ariasa alboapicata (Distant, 1905) Tympanoterpes alboapicata Distant 1905a: 313 (type material examined).

Type locality. Argentina. Remarks. The species currently is known only from Argentina (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2013). It has been reported from Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán Provinces in Argentina (Hayward 1960; Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2007). We collected specimens in Chaco, Córdoba, Entre Rios, La Rioja, San Juan, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán Provinces. The species is associated with the



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Chaco and Espinal floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Chaco, Lapachito, 8 km NE Makale 22-XII-1986, F. Noriega coll. (one male, MSHC); Cordoba, Villa Dolores, 5-XII-1981, M.S. & J.E. Heath & F. Noriega coll., EX: Prosopis (nine males, MSHC); Cordoba, 18 km SW Soto, 14-XII-1986, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC); Cordoba, 18 km SW Soto, 14-XII1986, J.E. & M.S. Heath Coll., EX: Larrea (one male, MSHC); Cordoba, 18 km SW Soto, 14-XII-1986, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll., EX: Larrea (one male, MSHC); Cordoba, 18 km SW Soto, 14-XII-1986, F. Noriega coll., EX: Larrea (one male, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Federacion, Ruta 14, 2.5 km So. of Corrientes, 4-I-1988, HeathSanborn-Noriega Coll. (three males, MSHC, one male, AFSC); Entre Rios, Dto. Federacion, Ruta 14, 2.5 km So. of Corrientes, 4-I-1988, J.E. Heath Coll. (two males, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Federacion, Ruta 14, 2.5 km So. of Corrientes, 4-I-1988, F. Noriega coll. (one male, MSHC); Entre Rios, Dto. Federacion, Ruta 14, 2.5 km So. of Corrientes, 4-I-1988, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC); La Rioja, South edge of La Rioja, 5-I-1987, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); La Rioja, Dto. Capital, 6.5 km NE Bozan, 19-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male MSHC); La Rioja, 5 km South of San Antonio on Provincial Ruta 29, 8-I-1992, A. Sanborn Coll. (one male, AFSC); San Juan, 5 km S San Agustin de Valle Fertil, 8-I-1987, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC); Prov. San Luis, Ruta 141, 2 km East of Junction with Ruta 20, 7-I-1992, A. Sanborn Coll. (four males, AFSC).

Ariasa arechavaletae (Berg, 1884) Tympanoterpes arechavaletae Berg 1884: 111 (type material examined).

Type locality. Carmelo and Montevideo, Uruguay. Remarks. The species was recorded from Argentina and Uruguay (Metcalf 1963a). We collected specimens in San Luis Province and the first author was sent specimens from Misiones and Santa Fe. The species is associated with the Chaco and Espinal floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Misiones, Loreto, XII-1955, F.H. Walz (two females, AFSC); San Luis, Rt. 148—22 km No. of Mercedes, 11-XII-1986, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC, one male, AFSC); San Luis, Rt. 148—22 km No. of Mercedes, 11-XII-1986, F. Noriega coll. (three males, MSHC); Santa Fe, Carcarana (one male, one female, AFSC).

Ariasa bilaqueata (Uhler, 1903). New record. Cicada bilaqueata Uhler 1903: 7 (type material examined).

Type locality. Chapada, Brazil. Remarks. The species was reported previously from Brazil (Metcalf 1963a) and Venezuela (Sanborn 2007a). Material examined. Chaco Province, PN Chaco, Campground, 77 msnm, 10-I-2008, Hg–vapor, S 26o 48.608’ W 59o 36.893’, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Goemans 08.AR.CC.CPL.21 (two females, UCMS); Corrientes Province, PN Mburucuyá, campground, 120 msnm, 8-I-2008, Hg–vapor, S 28o 00.893’ W 58o 02.262’, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Goemans 08.AR.CN.MBU.08 (30 males and one female, UCMS).

Ariasa colombiae (Distant, 1892). New record. Tympanoterpes colombiae Distant 1892: 60 (type material examined).

Type locality. Manaure and Bogota, Colombia and Venezuela. Remarks. The species was reported previously from Colombia and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2007a; 2010a). We collected specimens in Jujuy Province. The species is associated with the Chaco floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). Material examined. Jujuy Province, 5 km South of Fraile Pintado, 2-I-1987, F. Noriega coll. (one male, AFSC); Jujuy Province, 5 km South of Fraile Pintado, 2-I-1987, Al Sanborn Coll. (one female, MSHC); Jujuy


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Province, 5 km South of Fraile Pintado, 2-I-1987, M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Jujuy Province, 5 km South of Fraile Pintado, 2-I-1987, M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC).

Ariasa nigrovittata Distant, 1905 Ariasa nigrovitatta Distant 1905a: 314 (type material examined).

Type locality. Central Brazil, Chapada (Brazil), and Bolivia. Remarks. The species was reported from Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil (Metcalf 1963a) and was recently added to the cicada fauna of Paraguay (Sanborn 2011a). It has been recorded in Córdoba, Jujuy, and Tucumán Provinces in Argentina (Torres 1945b; Hayward 1960). We collected specimens in Chaco, Córdoba, Salta, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán Provinces. The species is associated with the Chaco floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Chaco, Pampa del Infierno, 21-XII-1986, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, two females, MSHC); Chaco, Pampa del Infierno, 21-XII-1986, J.E. Heath Coll. (two males, MSHC); Salta, 9 km S Rts. 9 & 34, 19-XII-1986, J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Santiago del Estero, El Cabure, 9-I-1988, Heath-SanbornNoriega Coll. (one male, MSHC).

Hemisciera Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 Type species. Cicada maculipennis de Laport 1832: 412 (French Guiana). Remarks. The genus is distributed over Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, and Peru (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2011b; 2013).

Hemisciera maculipennis (de Laporte, 1832) Cicada maculipennis de Laporte 1832: 412. Cicada versicolor Brullé 1835 (in Audouin & Brullé): Plate v, Fig. 1. Cicada sumptuosa Blanchard 1840: 165. Fidicina floslofia Walker 1858a: 15.

Type locality. French Guiana. Remarks. The species was recorded from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, and Peru (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2011b). It was reported from the borders of Bolivia and Argentina (Delétang 1923) which would limit the species to Jujuy and/or Salta Provinces.

Guyalna Boulard & Martinelli, 1996 Type species. Fidicina bonaerensis Berg, 1879: 140 (Argentina). Remarks. The genus is distributed within Argentina, Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, and Uruguay (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2011a; 2011b; 2013).

Guyalna bonaerensis (Berg, 1879) Fidicina bonaerensis Berg 1879: 140. Dorisia bonaerensis var. bergi nom. nud. Delétang 1919: 85. syn. n. Dorisia bonaerensis var. dominiquei nom. nud. Delétang 1919: 85. syn. n.

Type locality. Buenos Aires, SantaFe and Entre Rios Provinces, Argentina and Uruguay. Remarks. This species can be found in large numbers. We have determined that it is endothermic (Sanborn et



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al. 1995a). The two nomina nuda listed by Delétang (1919) are considered to be part of the nominotypical species as no formal description was provided for the varieties and because we have found variability in the coloration patterns and size within individual populations. The species has a wide distribution within the Chaco and Espinal floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). It was reported from Buenos Aires, Chaco, Córdoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, La Pampa, Misiones, Salta, San Luis, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán Provinces (Berg 1879; Hayward 1942; Torres 1946; Hayward 1960; Sanborn et al. 1995b; Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2007). We collected specimens in Catamarca, Chaco, Córdoba, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones, Salta, San Luis, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán Provinces. The species has also been reported from Brazil and Paraguay (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2011a). The reference to a specimen from Guyana (Uhler 1903) is considered erroneous as the habitat is different and the specimens were described as being larger than Fidicina mannifera which is not the case for G. bonaerensis. The species is endothermic regulating its body temperature through endogenous heat production (Sanborn et al. 1995b). New provincial records. Prov. Catamarca, Ruta 38, 1 km South of San Fernando del Valle Catamarca, 9-I1992, A. Sanborn Coll. (four males, AFSC); Formosa, 8 km S Tatané, 28-XII-1986, J.E. Heath Coll. (one female, MSHC).

Guyalna cuta (Walker, 1850) Cicada cuta Walker 1850: 139 (type material examined). Cicada lucastia Walker 1850: 140 (type material examined).

Type locality. The type specimen was described from an unknown locality. Remarks. The species has been reported from Argentina, Brazil, and French Guiana (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2011b; Sanborn et al. 2011a). We collected specimens in Catamarca, Salta, and Tucumán Provinces. The species was collected in the Yunga, Paranense, Chaco, and Espinal floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Catamarca, 1 km N La Vina, 4-I-1987, M.S. Heath & F. Noriega Coll. (one male, one female, MSHC); Catamarca, 1 km N La Vina, 4-I-1987, F. Noriega & M.S. Heath Coll. (one female, MSHC); Salta, Professor Salvador Mazza (Est. Pocitos), 11-I-1988, J.E. Heath Coll. Taken from Mantis (one female, MSHC); Salta, Prof. Salvador Mazza (Est. Pocitos), 11-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Salta, Rt 5—5 km N.E. of intersection with Rt. 20, 21-XII-1986, F. Noriega Coll. (one female, MSHC); Salta, 9 km S split Rts 9 & 34, 19-XII-1986, F. Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Salta, 4 km N Pinchanal, 11-I-1988, HeathSanborn-Noriega Coll. (one female, MSHC); Prov. Salta, Ruta 16, 5 km West of El Bordo, 11-I-1992, A. Sanborn Coll. (four males, two females, AFSC); Tucuman, 8 km N Tapia, 18-XII-1986, M.S. Heath Coll., EX: Prosopis (one male, MSHC); Tucuman, La Madrid, 16-XII-1986, M.S. Heath Coll., Ex. Riparian Habitat (one male, AFSC); Tucuman, La Madrid, 16-XII-1986, F. Noriega Coll., EX: Riparian habit (one male, MSHC); Tucuman, 17 km N Tucuman, 31-XII-1986, F. Noriega & Al Sanborn Coll. (one female, MSHC); Tucuman, 8 km No. of Tapia, 18XII-1986, M.S. Heath Coll., EX: Prosopis (one male, MSHC).

Guyalna platyrhina Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Santa Ana, Misiones, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series with specimens collected in Corrientes and Misiones Provinces. The species was collected in the Yunga, Paranense, Chaco, and Espinal floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).


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Tribe Hyantiini Distant, 1905 Quesada Distant, 1905 Type species. Cicada gigas Olivier, 1790 (Java is listed as the type locality. That is an error as the genus is restricted to the New World). Remarks. The genus has an extensive north to south distribution being reported from central Argentina in the south to southern Texas in the north (Davis 1944).

Quesada gigas (Olivier, 1790) Cicada gigas Olivier 1790: 750. Cicada triupsilon Walker 1850: 103 (type material examined). Cicada sonans Walker 1850: 104 (type material examined). Cicada consonans Walker 1850: 106. Cicada vibrans Walker 1850: 107. Cicada grossa [nec Fabricius] Stål 1861: 614. Tympanoterpes sibilatrix Berg 1879: 141.

Type locality. Java is mistakenly listed as the type locality. The species is restricted to the New World. Remarks. The species is distributed from central Argentina to southern Texas in the New World with records of specimens from the Antilles, Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad & Tobago, Uruguay, United States, Venezuela, and the West Indies (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2001; 2006b; 2007a; 2007b; 2010a; 2011a; 2011b; Sueur 2002; Sanborn & Maes 2012). The species has been reported in Catamarca, Chaco, Córdoba, Corrientes, La Rioja, Misiones, Salta, San Luis, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán (Berg 1879; Torres 1945b; Hayward 1960; Sanborn et al. 1995b; Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2006; 2007). We collected specimens in Córdoba, Entre Rios, Formosa, Salta, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán Provinces. The species was collected in the Yunga, Paranense, Chaco, Monte, and Espinal floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a) and is endothermic (Sanborn et al. 1995b). New provincial records. Entre Rios, Rt. 14, 2.5 km S Corrientes, 4-I-1988, F. Noriega Coll. (one female, MSHC); Entre Rios, Rt. 14, 2.5 km S Corrientes, 4-I-1988, J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Formosa, 8 km S Tatane, 28-XII-1986, Al Sanborn & F. Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC).

Tribe Cicadatrini Distant, 1905 Pachypsaltria Stål, 1861 Type species. Cicada cinctomaculata Stål, 1854 (Venezuela). Remarks. Representatives of the genus have been reported in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963b; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2007a; 2010a; 2013).

Pachypsaltria haematodes Torres, 1960 Pachypsaltria haematodes Torres 1960: 227.

Type locality. Tucumán Province, Argentina. Remarks. This species includes the specimens considered to be P. cinctomaculata by Torres (1945a) as those specimens are paratypes of P. haematodes (Torres 1960). Currently it is known only from Tucumán, Argentina (Torres 1960), where we collected our specimen. The species was collected in the middle levels of the Yunga floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). SANBORN & HEATH; ARGENTINE CICADAS


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Pachypsaltria peristicta Torres, 1960 Pachypsaltria peristicta Torres 1960: 230.

Type locality. Tabladitas, Jujuy Province, Argentina. Remarks. Previously the species was known only from Jujuy Province, Argentina (Torres 1960). We have also been sent a specimen from Tucumán. New provincial record. Tucumán, El Cochuna, R.P. No. 365, 3-III-2005, (1100 mts), F. Penco leg. (one male AFSC).

Subfamily Cicadettinae Buckton, 1889 Tribe Carinetini Distant, 1905 Carineta Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 Type species. Cicada formosa Germar, 1830 (Brazil). Remarks. The genus is distributed over much of the neotropical region. Records of Carineta species are attributed to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela, and the West Indies (Metcalf 1963c; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2006a, 2007a; 2007b; 2010a; 2010b; 2011a; 2011b; 2013; Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Carineta boliviana Distant, 1905. New record. Carineta boliviana Distant 1905b: 484 (type material examined).

Type locality. St. Paulo and Toungas de la Paz, Bolivia Remarks. The species was previously reported from Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru (Metcalf 1963c). Material examined. Misiones, Puerto Iguazú, Public Campgound, 202 msnm, 7-I-2008, Hg–vapor, S 25o 37.344’ W 54o 32.876’, Col. Moulds, Hill & Marshall. 08.AR.MN.PIC.05 (one female, UCMS); Misiones Province, Puerto Iguazú, 28-I-1990, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (one male, AFSC).

Carineta crassicauda Torres, 1948 Carineta crassicauda Torres 1948a: 125 (type material examined).

Type locality. Catamarca, Argentina. Remarks. Currently the species is known only from Argentina with specimens being collected in Catamarca, Salta, and Tucumán Provinces (Torres 1948a; Hayward 1960).

Carineta diardi (Guérin-Méneville, 1829) Cicada diardi Guérin-Méneville 1829: Plate 58, Fig. 1. Cicada formosa Germar 1830: 45. Cicada polychroa Perty 1833: 176, Plate XXXV, Fig. 2. Cicada duvaucelii Guérin-Méneville 1838: 184.

Type locality. The type specimen was described without collection location. Remarks. A colorful species that has been reported from Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay (Metcalf 1963c;


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Sanborn 2011a). It has been reported from Misiones Province in Argentina (Berg 1879; Bolcatto et al. 2006; De Santis et al. 2007) which is where we collected our specimen. The species was collected in the understory of the Paranense floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Carineta fasciculata (Germar, 1821) Cicada fasciculata Germar 1821: 97 (type material examined). Cicada bilineosa Walker 1858b: 12 (type material examined). Cicada obtusa Walker 1858b: 14. Cicada tenuistriga Walker 1858c: 311. Carineta diplographa Berg 1879: 144.

Type locality. São Paulo, Brazil. Remarks. The species has been reported from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Paraguay (Metcafl 1963c; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Martinelli & Zucchi, 1997; Sanborn 2011a). It has been reported in Misiones (Berg 1879; Torres 1945b) and Tucumán (Hayward 1960) Provinces in Argentina.

Carineta gemella Boulard, 1986. New record. Carineta gemella Boulard 1986: 417.

Type locality. Cano Wiraki, Venezuela. Remarks. The species was reported previously from Brazil and Venezuela (Boulard 1986; Sanborn 2007a; 2008a). Material examined. Misiones, Iguazú, 5-I-1997, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (one female AFSC); Misiones, Iguazú, 12-I-1997, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (one female AFSC); Misiones, Iguazú, 20-I-1997, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (one male AFSC); Chaco, Rosa Azul Misiones, I-2004, P. Wagner (seven males, one female, DECA, two males, AFSC).

Carineta limpida Torres, 1948 Carineta limpida Torres 1948a: 121 (type material examined).

Type locality. Puerto Bemberg, Misiones, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known from Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay (Metcalf 1963c). The reported from Misiones Province in Argentina by Torres (1948a).

species

was

Carineta liturata Torres, 1948 Carineta literata Torres 1948a: 116 (type material examined).

Type locality. Catamarca, Argentina. Remarks. Currently the species is known only from Catamarca Province in Argentina (Torres 1948a).

Carineta maculosa Torres, 1948 Carineta fasciculata [nec Germar] Jacobi 1907a: 18. Carineta maculosa Torres 1948a: 114 (type material examined).

Type locality. Villa Nougués, Tucumán Province, Argentina.



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Remarks. The species has been recorded from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2007a; 2010a). It was reported from Catamarca and Tucumán Provinces in Argentina (Torres 1948a; Hayward 1960) and we have seen a specimen from Salta Province. New provincial records. David Emery (DECA) has a male from Salta, 8km S Guochipas (1120m), 25o 33.07’S; 65o 32.41’E, 20-I-2006.

Carineta platensis Berg, 1882 Carineta platensis Berg 1882: 45 (type material examined).

Type locality. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Remarks. The type specimen was the only specimen used in the description of the taxon. The type specimen was reported as lost and the species considered unidentifiable (Torres 1948a). However, one of us (AFS) has seen a specimen labeled as the type of C. platensis in the MFNB collection. The species was reported only from Buenos Aires (Berg 1882).

Carineta propinqua Torres, 1948 Carineta propinqua Torres 1948a: 122 (type material examined).

Type locality. Volcán, Jujuy Province, Argentina. Remarks. Currently the species is known only from Jujuy and Tucumán Provinces in Argentina (Torres 1948a; Hayward 1960).

Carineta scripta Torres, 1948 Carineta scripta Torres 1948a: 118 (type material examined).

Type locality. Jujuy, Argentina. Remarks. The species was reported from Catamarca, Salta, and Tucumán Provinces in Argentina (Torres 1948a; Hayward 1960).

Ahomana Distant, 1905 Type species. Ahomana neotropicalis (Peru and Paraguay). Remarks. The genus was classified in the Tibicinini Distant, 1905 but a change in the affiliation to the Carinetini has been made recently (Sanborn 2014). Members of the genus are recorded from Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, and Peru (Metcalf 1963c; Sanborn 2011a) but the Paraguayan records are questionable (Sanborn 2014).

Ahomana neotropicalis Distant, 1905 Ahomana neotropicalis Distant 1905e: 24 (type material examined).

Type locality. Callao, Peru. Remarks. The type locality has recently been fixed as Callao, Peru (Sanborn 2014). The species is recorded from Argentina, Paraguay, and Peru (Metcalf 1963c; Sanborn 2011a) but the records from Paraguay need to be confirmed (Sanborn 2014).


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Herrera Distant, 1905 Type species. Cicada marginella Walker 1858a (Orizaba, Mexico). Remarks. The new species described here from Argentina significantly increases the range of the genus. The genus has an expansive but incomplete distribution with records of species being collected in Argentina, Belize, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Panama (Metcalf 1963c; Sanborn 2006a; 2007b; 2009a; 2013).

Herrera humilatrata Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Vaqueros, Salta Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series. Specimens were collected in Jujuy, Salta, and Tucumán Provinces in the understory of the Yunga floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Herrera umbraphila Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Salta, Salta Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series with specimens collected in Salta and Tucumán Provinces in the understory vegetation in the Yunga floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011).

Guaranisaria Distant, 1905 Type species. Guaranisaria dissimilis Distant, 1905 (Argentina and Paraguay). Remarks. The genus includes species reported from Argentina and Paraguay (Duffels & van der Laan 1985).

Guaranisaria bicolor Torres, 1958 Guaranisaria bicolor Torres 1958b: 23 (type material examined).

Type locality. Pindapoy, Misiones, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from Argentina (Duffels & van der Laan 1985). Torres (1958b; 1964b) reported specimens from Misiones Province.

Guaranisaria dissimilis Distant, 1905 Guaranisaria dissimilis Distant 1905c: 560 (type material examined).

Type locality. Argentina and Sapucay, Paraguay. Remarks. The species was recorded from Argentina and Paraguay (Metcalf 1963c; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2011a). Torres (1964b) reports specimens from Chaco and Corrientes Provinces in Argentina.

Guaranisaria llanoi Torres, 1964 Guaranisaria llanoi Torres 1964b: 149 (type material examined).

Type locality. Pronunciamiento, Entre Rios, Argentina.



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Remarks. The species is currently known only from Argentina (Duffels & van der Laan 1985) and the type locality (Torres 1964b).

Tribe Parnisini Distant, 1905 Derotettix Berg, 1882 Type species. Derotettix mendosensis Berg, 1882. Remarks. The genus is known only from Argentina (Metcalf 1963c).

Derotettix mendosensis Berg, 1882 Derotettix mendosensis Berg 1882: 47 (type material examined).

Type locality. Mendoza, Argentina. Remarks. The species was reported from Mendoza and Río Negro Provinces (Berg 1882; Torres 1945a). The reference to Buenos Aires by Metcalf (1963c) was a mistake as Berg (1882) was referencing the location of the museum where one of the specimens he had examined was deposited. We collected specimens in La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquén, Rìo Negro, and San Juan Provinces. We reported the species from La Rioja, Rio Negro and San Juan Provinces without localities (Sanborn et al. 2004). The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. La Pampa, Rt. 154, 52 km No. of Rio Colorado, 9-XII-1986, J.E. Heath Coll. EX: Atriplex (one female, MSHC); La Pampa, Rt. 154, 52 km No. of Rio Colorado, 9-XII-1986, M.S. Heath Coll. EX: Atriplex (one male, MSHC); La Pampa, Rt. 154, 52 km No. of Rio Colorado, 9-XII-1986, Al Sanborn Coll. EX: Atriplex (one male, MSHC); La Pampa, Rt. 154, 52 km No. of Rio Colorado, 9-XII-1986, F. Noriega Coll. EX: Atriplex (one male, MSHC); La Rioja, Patquia, 5-I-1987, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll., EX: Atriplex (two males, one female, MSHC); La Rioja, Patquia, 5-I-1987, Al Sanborn Coll., EX: Atriplex (one male, one female, MSHC); La Rioja, Patquia, 5-I-1987, F. Noriega Coll., EX: Atriplex (one male, MSHC); La Rioja, Dto. Independencia, Patquia, 21-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. , Ex: Atriplex (one male, AFSC); La Rioja, Dto. Rosaria V. Peñaloza, 4 km No. of San Antonio, 21-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male, one female, MSHC); Prov. La Rioja, Patquia, 8-I-1992, A. Sanborn & P. Ganter coll. (one male, AFSC); Prov. La Rioja, 6 km South of San Ramon on Provincial Ruta 29, 8-I-1992, A. Sanborn Coll. (seven males, AFSC); Neuquen, Rt. 40, 67 km N. of Zapala, 9-XII1981, M.S. & J.E. Heath & F. Noriega coll. (two males, MSHC, one male, AFSC); San Juan, Rt. 40, 4 km No. of Mendoza Prov. Border, 8-XII-1981, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll., EX: Atriplex (one female, AFSC); Prov. San Luis, Ruta 40, 2 km North of Villa de Media Agua, 7-I-1992, A. Sanborn & P. Ganter coll. (two males, AFSC).

Derotettix wagneri Distant, 1905 Derotettix wagneri Distant 1905d: 209 (type material examined). Derotettix proseni Torres 1945a: 77 (type material examined). syn. n.

Type locality. Chaco of Santiago del Estero, edges of the Rio Salado, Argentina. Remarks. Torres (1945a) distinguished D. proseni from D. wagneri by the lack of coloration on the vertex in the region of the ocelli, the absence on the pronotum of a black central band, marks on the mesonotum, the absence of the black longitudinal band on the dorsal abdomen, lack of markings on the timbal ribs, and for the lack of infuscation on the forewing. Study of the male holotype and a paratype of D. proseni and the holotype of D. wagneri showed that D. proseni is a polymorphic form of D. wagneri. The only characters that distinguish D. proseni are a lack of dark body markings and the uninfuscated and unmarked wings. There are no structural differences between the species which are also of the same size. As a result, we propose D. proseni as a junior synonym of D. wagneri. The species is known only from Santiago del Estero Province (Distant 1905d; Torres 1945a; Sanborn et al. 2004)


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which is where we collected our specimens. The reference to Buenos Aires (Metcalf 1963c) is an error as Buenos Aires in not mentioned in the original species description.

Calyria Stål, 1862 Type species. Cicada (Calyria) blanda Stål, 1862 (Rio de Janiero). Remarks. Our records represent an extension of the genus into Argentina. Specimens have now been collected in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Peru, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963c; Sanborn 2006b; 2007a; 2010b; 2013).

Calyria stigma (Walker, 1850). New record. Cicada stigma Walker 1850: 167 (type material examined).

Type locality. Brazil. Remarks. The species previously was reported from Brazil and Bolivia (Metcalf 1963c). We collected our specimens at several sites in Misiones Province. The species was collected in the understory of the Paranense floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). Material examined. Misiones, Azara, 5-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Misiones, 10 km S San Jose, 5-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Misiones, Dto. Leandro N. Alem, 4 km NW Alem, Rt. 14, 6-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Misiones, Dto. Leandro N. Alem, 9 km E of L.N. Alem, 6-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Misiones, Dto. Candelaria, Sanata Ana, 6-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (one male, two females, MSHC, one male, AFSC); Misiones, Parque National Iguazú, Research Station CIES. 185 msnm, 6-I-2008, S 25o 40.733’ W 54o 26.972’, Hg-vapor, S 25o 40.733’ W 54o 26.972’, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Goemans 08.AR.MN.IES.05 (one male, UCMS); Misiones, Parque National Iguazú, Research Station CIES. 185 msnm, 6-I-2008, S 25o 40.733’ W 54o 26.972’, Hg/Search, S 25o 40.733’ W 54o 26.972’, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Goemans 08.AR.MN.IES.06 (one male, UCMS); Misiones, RN 14, 7 km NE Campo Grande. 458 msnm. 5-I-2008, Search. S 27o 10.161’ W 54o 55.937’, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Goemans 08.AR.MN.NCG.01 (one male, UCMS).

Parnisa Stål, 1862 Type species. Cicada proponens Walker, 1858c (Brazil). Remarks. The new species described here are the first records of the genus in Argentina. The genus has now been recorded from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963c; Sanborn 2007a; 2010a; 2013).

Parnisa lineaviridia Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Aguaray, Salta Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series with specimens collected in Salta and Tucumán Provinces. The species was collected in the understory of the Yunga floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Parnisa viridis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Chaco Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series with specimens collected in Chaco and Salta Provinces. The species is associated with the Chaco floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).



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Acyroneura Torres, 1958 Type species. Acyroneura singularis Torres, 1958 (Argentina). Remarks. The genus is currently known from Argentina (Torres 1958b) and Uruguay (Ruffinelli 1970).

Acyroneura singularis Torres, 1958 Acyroneura singularis Torres 1958b: 18 (type material examined).

Type locality. Ituzaingó, Corrients, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known from Argentina (Torres 1958b) and Uruguay (Ruffinelli 1970). Torres (1958b) reported specimens from Corrientes and Entre Rios Provinces.

Tribe Taphurini Distant, 1905 Subtribe Taphurina Distant, 1905 Nosola Stål, 1866 Type species. Nosola paradoxa Stål, 1866 (Bolivia). Remarks. This monospecific genus is known from Argentina and Bolivia (Metcalf 1963c).

Nosola paradoxa Stål, 1866 Nosola paradoxa Stål 1866: 171 (type material examined).

Type locality. Bolivia. Remarks. The species is known from Argentina and Bolivia (Metcalf 1963c) with Argentine specimens being collected in Salta Province (Torres 1945a).

Selymbria Stål, 1861 Type species. Cicada stigmata Germar, 1834 (Brazil). Remarks. Our records are the first for the genus in Argentina. The genus is known from Argentina, Brazil, French Guiana, Guatemala, and Panama (Metcalf 1963c; Ramos and Wolda 1985; Sanborn 2010b; 2011b; 2013).

Selymbria pandora Distant, 1911. New record. Selymbria pandora Distant 1911: 134 (type material examined).

Type locality. Espirito Santo, Brazil. Remarks. Previously the species was reported from Brazil (Metcalf 1963c). Material examined. Misiones Province, Puerto Iguazú, 3-I-1991, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (one male, AFSC).

Taphura Stål, 1862 Type species. Cicada misella Stål, 1862 (Brazil).


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Remarks. Our records extend the distribution of the genus into Argentina. Species of the genus are recorded from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Panama, Peru, Surinam, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963c; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Wolda & Ramos 1992; Sanborn 2007a; 2010a; 2011b; 2013).

Taphura hastifera (Walker, 1858). New record. Cicada hastifera Walker 1858a: 25 (type material examined).

Type locality. Santarem, Brazil. Remarks. Previously the species was reported from Venezuela, Brazil, Peru, and Panama (Metcalf 1963c; Wolda & Ramos 1992; Sanborn 2007a). Material examined. Misiones, Parque National Iguazú, Research Station CIES. 185 msnm, 6-I-2008, S 25o 40.733’ W 54o 26.972’, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Goemans 08.AR.MN.IES.08 (one male, UCMS).

Taphura misella (Stål, 1854). New record. Cicada misella Stål 1862: 243 (type material examined).

Type locality. Minas Gerais, Brazil. Remarks. Previously the species was recorded from Brazil (Metcalf 1963c). Material examined. Misiones, 20 km N Dos de Mayo on RP 11, 425 msnm, 5-I-2008, Search, S 26o 55.913’ W 54o 42.984’, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Goemans 08.AR.MN.CMP.01 (one male, UCMS); Misiones, 20 km N Dos de Mayo on RP 11, 425 msnm, 5-I-2008, Hg–vapor, S 26o 55.913’ W 54o 42.984’, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Goemans 08.AR.MN.CMP.25 (one male, UCMS).

Elachysoma Torres, 1964 Type species. Elachysoma quadrivittata Torres, 1964 (Argentina). Remarks. The genus is recorded only from Argentina (Duffels & van der Laan 1985).

Elachysoma quadrivittata Torres, 1964 Elacysoma quadrivittata Torres 1964a: 139 (type material examined).

Type locality. Picani, Formosa, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from Chaco and Formosa provinces (Torres 1964a) in Argentina (Duffels & van der Laan 1985).

Subfamily Tibicininae Distant, 1905 Tribe Tettigadini Distant, 1905 Tettigades Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 Type species. Tettigades chilensis Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 (Chile). Remarks. The genus is restricted to Argentina and Chile (Metcalf 1963c; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2013). The reference to a species inhabiting Mexico concerns a mislabeled specimen (Torres 1958a; Sanborn 2007b).



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Tettigades angularis Torres, 1958. New record. Tettigades angularis Torres 1958a: 77.

Type locality. Laguna de La Laja, Los Barros, Biobío Province, Chile. Remarks. Previously the species was reported from Chile (Torres 1958a). Material examined. Chubut Province, Trelew, Estepa, 14-XII-1997, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (one male, AFSC); Mendoza Province, Upsallata, 2200 m alt., 4-XII-1997, D. Rojas Lanus (one male, AFSC).

Tettigades bosqi Torres, 1942 Tettigades bosqi Torres 1942: 258 (type material examined).

Type locality. The holotype female was described without locality data. Remarks. The species has been reported from Mendoza Province (Torres 1942) which is where we collected specimens. It is associated with the Patagonian floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Tettigades brevicauda Torres, 1958 Tettigades brevicauda Torres 1958a: 88 (type material examined).

Type locality. Cordillera Chillán, Ñuble Province, Chile. Remarks. Torres (1958a; 1959) reported the species from Argentina and Chile. The Argentine specimen was collected in Neuquén Province (Torres 1959).

Tettigades dumfriesi Distant, 1920 Tettigades dumfriesi Distant 1920: 169 (type material examined).

Type locality. Argentine side of the Andes, about 6,000 ft (1829 m) above sea level. Remarks. The species is known only from Argentina with specimens collected in Chubut, Mendoza, and Río Negro Provinces (Torres 1958a). We collected specimens in Mendoza, Neuquén and Río Negro Provinces. The species is associated with the Monte and Patagonian floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Neuquen, Barrancas, 14-I-1987, F. Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); Neuquen, Barrancas, 14-I-1987, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll. (one female, MSHC); Neuquen, 15 km S Buta Ranquil, 14-I-1987, M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, one female, MSHC); Neuquen, 15 km S Buta Ranquil, 14-I-1987, Al Sanborn Coll. (one female, MSHC).

Tettigades lebruni Distant, 1906 Tettigades lebruni Distant 1906c: 385 (type material examined).

Type locality. Santa Cruz, Argentina. Remarks. The species was assigned to a new genus by Delétang (1919) but he had confused Distant’s taxon with Haupt’s taxon as described under the treatment for Odopoea signata rev. stat., comb. n. Tettigades lebruni was considered a distinct species again by Torres (1958a). The species is restricted to Argentina with specimens reported from Mendoza, Neuquén and Santa Cruz Provinces (Torres 1958a; 1959). The references to Catamarca and La Rioja by Delétang (1919) are not considered to be referencing this taxon but Odopoea signata. We collected specimens in Mendoza and Neuquén Provinces. The species is associated with the Monte and Patagonian floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).


SANBORN & HEATH

Tettigades lizeri Torres, 1942 Tettigades lizeri Torres 1942: 262 (type material examined).

Type locality. Mendoza, Argentina (Torres 1942). Torres (1958a) provided Villavicencio, Mendoza as additional location data for the holotype. Remarks. The species is recorded from Argentina with specimens collected in Catamarca, Mendoza, and Salta Provinces (Torres 1942; 1958a). We were sent specimens from Chubut, and Río Negro Provinces. New provincial records. Chubut Province, Trelew, Estepa, 14-XII-1997, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (one female, AFSC); Chubut Province, Trelew, 22-XII-1997, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (one male, one female, AFSC); Chubut Province, Trelew, 2-I-1998, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (one male, AFSC); Chubut Province, Las Altares, 43o 05’37”S, 68o 35’01”W, 3-I-1998, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (two females, AFSC); Rio Negro Province, Between San Antonio & Sierra Grande, 41o 02’30”S, 65o 23’41”W, 13-XII-1997, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (one male, AFSC).

Tettigades major Torres, 1944 Tettigades major Torres 1944: 467 (type material examined).

Type locality. The cotypes were described from Bajo Santa Rosa and San Antonio, Río Negro Province, Neuquén and Mendoza. Remarks. The species is recorded from Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquén, and Río Negro Provinces (Torres 1944; 1958a; Sanborn et al. 2004). We collected specimens in Mendoza Province. The species is associated with the Monte and Patagonian floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Tettigades parva Distant, 1892 Tettigades parva Distant 1892: 65 (type material examined). Tettigades brevivenosa Torres 1942: 259.

Type locality. Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from Argentina with examples being reported from Mendoza, Río Negro, and San Luis Provinces (Torres 1942; 1958a). The record for San Juan Province by Delétang (1919) was considered erroneous by Torres (1958a). We captured specimens in La Pampa Province. The species is associated with the Espinal and Monte floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. La Pampa, Rt. 35—33 km SW of Rt 152, 4-XII-1981, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll., EX: Piquillin (four males, MSHC, one male, AFSC).

Tettigades sarcinatrix Torres, 1944 Tettigades sarcinatrix Torres 1944: 469 (type material examined).

Type locality. The cotypes were collected at San Carlos de Bariloche and Bahuel Huapi, Río Negro, and Isla Victoria, Neuquén, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from Argentina with records from Neuquén and Río Negro Provinces (Torres 1944; 1958a). Our specimens were collected in Neuquén Province and we located specimens from Chubut in the LACM. The species is associated with the Patagonian floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Chubut Province, Lago Puelo, 20-XI-1956, Andor Kovacs coll. (three males, LACM, one male, AFSC); Chubut Province, Cholila, II-1958, Andor Kovacs coll. (one male, LACM, one male, AFSC).



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Tettigades varivenosa Distant, 1906 Tettigades varivenosa Distant 1906a: 152 (type material examined).

Type locality. Río Negro, Argentina. Remarks. The species is restricted to Argentina with specimens being reported from Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Neuquén, Río Negro, and Santiago del Estero Provinces (Distant 1906a; Torres 1958a). We collected examples in Neuquén Province. The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Alarcta Torres, 1958 Type species. Tettigades bahiensis Torres, 1942. Remarks. All species of Alarcta are endemic to Argentina (Metcalf 1963c; Duffels & van der Laan 1985).

Alarcta albicerata (Torres, 1949) Tettigades albicerata Torres 1949: 181 (type material examined).

Type locality. Choele-Choel, Río Negro, Argentina. Remarks. The species has only been reported from the type locality in Río Negro, Province (Torres 1949; 1958d). The first author was given specimens from Chubut but the origin of the specimens is unclear since they were found in a broom.

Alarcta bahiensis (Torres, 1942) Tettigades bahiensis Torres 1942: 256 (type material examined).

Type locality. The holotype male does not have a locality label. However, an allotype (sic) male and the paratype males were all collected at Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Since there is no mention of a female specimen in the description, the listing of an allotype is considered a lapsus calami. The type locality is thus Bahia Blanca. Remarks. The species has only been reported from the type locality in Buenos Aires Province (Torres 1942; 1958d). We collected specimens in Buenos Aires, Chubut, and Neuquén Provinces. The species is associated with the Espinal, Monte, and Pampas floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Chubut, Puerto Madryn, 28-XI-1986, M.S. Heath & Al Sanborn Coll., EX: Sand dunes (10 males, MSHC, one male, AFSC); Chubut, Puerto Madryn, 29-XI-1986, M.S. Heath & Al Sanborn Coll. (two males, MSHC); Chubut, Puerto Madryn, 6-XII-1986, M.S. Heath & Al Sanborn Coll. (eight males, MSHC).

Alarcta blanchardi (Torres, 1948) Tettigades blanchardi Torres 1948c: 181.

Type locality. Zapala, Neuquén Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species was reported from the type locality in Neuquén Province (Torres 1948c; 1958d). We collected specimens in Mendoza and Neuquén Provinces. The species is associated with the Patagonian floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Mendoza, Rt. 40 West branch, 41 km N. of Barrancas, 9-XII-1981, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Mendoza, 3 km NE Bardas Blancas, 13-I-1987, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC).


SANBORN & HEATH

Alarcta macrogina (Torres, 1949) Tettigades macrogina Torres 1949: 184 (type material examined).

Type locality. Central Pampa, La Pampa Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species was reported from the type locality in La Pampa Province by Torres (1949; 1958d). We were sent specimens from Chubut. New provincial records. Prov. Chubut, Trelew, 29-XI-1997, D. Rojas Lanus coll. (three males, AFSC).

Alarcta micromacula Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Northeast of Bardas Blancas, Mendoza Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series with specimens collected in Mendoza and Neuquén Provinces. The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Alarcta minuta (Torres, 1949) Tettigades minuta Torres 1949: 187 (type material examined).

Type locality. Central Pampa, La Pampa Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species was recorded previously only from the type locality in La Pampa Province (Torres 1949; 1958d). We collected specimens in Buenos Aires, La Pampa and San Juan Provinces. The species is associated with the Espinal and Monte floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Buenos Aires, Pehuen-Có, 17-XI-1981, J.E. & M.S. Heath (two males, MSHC); San Juan, Rt. 148—22 km N Mercedes, 11-XII-1986, F. Noreiga Coll. (one male, MSHC).

Alarcta quadrimacula Torres, 1958 Alarcta quadrimacula Torres 1958d: 26 (type material examined).

Type locality. El Sosneado, Mendoza Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known from the type series collected in La Pampa and Mendoza Provinces (Torres 1958d). We collected specimens in Mendoza Province. The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Alarcta terrosa Torres, 1958 Alarcta terrosa Torres 1958d: 30 (type material examined).

Type locality. Central Pampa, La Pampa Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series collected in La Pampa Province (Torres 1958d).

Torresia n. gen. Sanborn & Heath Type species. Torresia sanjuanensis Sanborn & Heath. Remarks. Species of the genus are known only from La Rioja and San Juan Provinces, Argentina.



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Torresia lariojaensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. West of Paganzo, La Rioja Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series collected in La Rioja Province. The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Torresia sanjuanensis Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. San Juan Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series collected in San Juan Province. The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Tettigotoma Torres, 1942 Type species. Tettigotoma maculata Torres, 1942. Remarks. Currently the genus is known only from Argentina (Metcalf 1963c).

Tettigotoma maculata Torres, 1942 Tettigotoma maculata Torres 1942: 254 (type material examined).

Type locality. The holotype male was described without locality data. Remarks. The species is known only from Argentina (Metcalf 1963c). Torres (1942) lists an allotype (sic) male collected at “Pampa Central”. Metcalf (1963c) took this to mean La Pampa Province but the Pampas floristic province extends over several provinces (Cabrera 1971; Sanborn et al. 2011a). Specific location data were provided by Torres (1948b) with specimens being reported from Córdoba and Mendoza Provinces. We collected specimens in Mendoza Province. We found the species associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a) suggesting the “allotype” was collected on the western edge of the “Central Pampa” and not in La Pampa Province.

Psephenotettix Torres, 1958 Type species. Psephenotettix minor Torres, 1958. Remarks. The genus is endemic to Argentina (Torres 1958c).

Psephenotettix grandis Torres, 1958 Psephenotettix grandis Torres 1958c: 37 (type material examined).

Type locality. Salta, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known from Catamarca, Mendoza, Salta, San Juan, and Tucumán Provinces in Argentina (Torres 1958c). We collected examples in Tucumán Province. The species is associated with the Monte and Prepuña floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Psephenotettix minor Torres, 1958 Psephenotettix minor Torres 1958c: 35 (type material examined).


SANBORN & HEATH

Type locality. Puna Jujeña, Jujuy Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from Jujuy Province in Argentina (Torres 1958c) which is where we collected our specimens. The species is associated with the Prepuña floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Babras Jacobi, 1907 Type species. Babras sonorivox Jacobi, 1907. Remarks. The genus is endemic to Argentina (Metcalf 1963c; Duffels and van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2013).

Babras sonorivox Jacobi, 1907 Babras sonorivox Jacobi 1907b: 206 (type material examined).

Type locality. Santiago del Estero, Argentina. Torres (1959) added Suncho Corral for a more specific type locality. Remarks. The species was reported from Santiago del Estero Province (Torres 1959), and we reported the species from La Rioja Province without location (Sanborn et al. 2004). We collected the species in La Rioja and Santiago del Estero Provinces. It is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. La Rioja, Patquia, 5-I-1987, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC, one male, AFSC); La Rioja, Patquia, 5-I-1987, F. Noriega Coll. (one male, MSHC); La Rioja, Patquia, 5-I-1987, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); La Rioja, Dto. Independencia, Patquia, 21-I-1988, M.S. & J.E. Heath, Al Sanborn & F. Noriega coll. (one male, one female, MSHC, one male, AFSC); Prov. La Rioja, Patquia, 8-I-1992, A. Sanborn Coll. (one male, AFSC).

Calliopsida Torres, 1958 Type species. Tettigades cinnabarina Berg, 1879. Remarks. The genus was recorded from Argentina and Chile (Metcalf 1963c; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2013).

Calliopsida cinnabarina (Berg, 1879) Tettigades cinnabarina Berg 1879: 137 (type material examined).

Type locality. Mendoza, Argentina. Remarks. The species was reported from Argentina and Chile with Argentine specimens recorded from Buenos Aires, Mendoza, Neuquén, Río Negro, San Juan, and Tucumán (Jacobi 1907a; Delétang 1919; Torres 1945b; 1958c). The record from Buenos Aires is suspect since there are no other data and the habitat in Buenos Aires province is significantly different than the mountainous western portion of the country from where the remaining records originate. We also found specimens from Catamarca in the IMLA. New provincial records. Catamarca, Loro Huasi, 2000m, 14-IV-1970, Col. P. Fidalgo (one male, IMLA); Catamarca, Loro Huasi, 22-I-1970, Terán-Fidalgo coll. (two males, three females, IMLA); Catamarca, Campo Pozuelos, 50 km S. de Santa Maria, 13-X-1973, col. L. Strange (one male, IMLA) ; Catamarca, Campo Pozuelos, 50 km S. de Santa Maria, 13-X-1973, col. L. Strange (one male, IMLA); Catamarca, Ciénaga de Belén, 12-XII1973, col. L. Strange (one female, IMLA).



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Chonosia Distant, 1905 Type species. Fidicina crassipennis Walker, 1858. Remarks. The genus was endemic to Argentina (Metcalf 1963c) until specimens were recently recorded from Paraguay (Sanborn 2011a).

Chonosia atrodorsalis Torres, 1945 Chonosia atrodorsalis Torres 1945a: 62 (type material examined).

Type locality. Amaicha, Tucumán Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species was reported from La Rioja and Tucumán Provinces (Torres 1945a). We collected the species in Salta, San Juan, and Tucumán Provinces and the first author was sent specimens from Catamarca. The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Prov. Catamarca, El Potrero, 3500 ft., 3-IX-1973, A. & E. Hulse coll., on Larrea (four males, AFSC); Salta, Payagasta, 14-I-1988, J.E. & M.S. Heath-Al Sanborn-F. Noriega coll. (one male, AFSC); Salta, Ruta 68—27.5 km No. of Cafayate, 16-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (two males, MSHC); San Juan, 0.5 km S Las Baldecitos, 7-I-1987, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC).

Chonosia crassipennis (Walker, 1858) Fidicina crassipennis Walker 1858b: 9 (type material examined). [Chonosia crassipennis] var. metequei Delétang 1919 nom. nud.: 85. syn. n.

Type locality. South America. Remarks. References to C. crassipennis are recorded from Catamarca, Córdoba, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquén, Río Negro, San Luis, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán (Delétang 1919; Torres 1945a; De Santis et al. 2007). Chonosia crassipennis var. metequei Delétang, 1919 nom. nud. is considered a local color variation and not a distinct taxon since it has not been officially described under the Code. We collected this species in Catamarca, La Rioja, Mendoza, and San Juan Provinces. The range of the species now extends into Paraguay (Sanborn 2011a). The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. San Juan, 5 km So. of San Agustin de Valle Fertil, 8-I-1987, Al Sanborn Coll. (two males, one female, MSHC, two males, AFSC); San Juan, 5 km So. of San Agustin de Valle Fertil, 8-I-1987, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, two females, MSHC); San Juan, 5 km So. of San Agustin de Valle Fertil, 8-I-1987, J.E. Heath Coll. (two males, MSHC); San Juan, 5 km So. of San Agustin de Valle Fertil, 8-I-1987, F. Noriega Coll. (four males, MSHC); San Juan, 5 km So. of San Agustin de Valle Fertil, 8-I-1987, F. Noriega coll. (one female, AFSC).

Chonosia longiopercula Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Northeast of Bazan, La Rioja, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series collected in La Rioja Province. The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Chonosia papa (Berg, 1882) rev. stat. Tettigades papa Berg 1882: 38 (type material examined).

Type locality. Mendoza, Argentina.


SANBORN & HEATH

Remarks. The species was considered a junior synonym of C. crassipennis by Distant (1906b). However, the species differs from C. crassipennis in several ways. The opercula of C. papa are larger with a medial margin smoothly arching towards the midline beyond the medial meracanthus while the opercula of C. crassipennis are more angulate on the medial margin and does not extend medially to the meracanthus; the uncus of C. papa is more stout along with a larger basal lobe of the pygofer and longer anal styles. Females are distinguished by the notch on the posterior of sternite VII which has parallel sides posteriorly with a circular anterior terminus in C. papa and expands anteriorly into a tear-drop shape in C. crassipennis. Chonosia papa also has a more southerly distribution with examples being reported from Chubut and Mendoza Provinces (Berg 1882; Breddin 1897). We collected our examples in Mendoza Province. The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Chonosia septentrionala Sanborn & Heath, sp. n. Type locality. Near Trancas, Tucumán Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species is known only from the type series. Specimens were collected in Catamarca, La Rioja, and Tucumán Provinces. The species is associated with the Chaco and Monte floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).

Chonosia trigonocelis Torres, 1945 Chonosia trigonocelis Torres 1945a: 64 (type material examined).

Type locality. Albido, Tucumán Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species was recorded from San Juan and Tucumán Provinces (Torres 1945a). We collected examples in La Rioja and San Juan Provinces. The species is associated with the Monte floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. La Rioja, Salicas, 20-I-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (two males, one female, MSHC).

Acuticephala Torres, 1958 Type species. Acuticephala alipuncta Torres, 1958 (Argentina). Remarks. The genus is known from Argentina (Torres 1958b) and Uruguay (Ruffinelli 1970).

Acuticephala alipuncta Torres, 1958 Acuticephala alipuncta Torres 1958b: 22 (type material examined).

Type locality. Entre Rios, Argentina. Remarks. The species was reported from Entre Rios, Argentina (Torres 1958b) and Uruguay (Ruffinelli 1970). We collected specimens in Chaco, Entre Rios, and Formosa Provinces. The species is associated with the Chaco and Pampas floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Chaco, Lapachita, 22-XII-1986, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll. (two males, MSHC); Chaco, Lapachita, 22-XII-1986, M.S. Heath & Al Sanborn Coll. (two males, MSHC); Chaco, Lapachita, 22-XII-1986, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, AFSC); Chaco, Lapachita, 22-XII-1986, F. Noriega Coll. (one female, MSHC); Formosa, 8 km So. of Tatané, 28-XII-1986, Al Sanborn & F. Noriega Coll. (one female, MSHC).

Mendozana Distant, 1906 Mendozana Distant 1906a: 152.



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Fadylia Delétang 1919: 93. Semaiophora Haupt 1918: 87.

Type species. Mendozana platypleura Distant, 1906. Remarks. Currently the genus is known only from Argentina (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985).

Mendozana antennaria (Jacobi, 1907) Tettigades antennaria Jacobi 1907b: 204. Semaiophora dietherti Schmidt 1926: 5.

Type locality. Santiago del Estero, Argentina. Remarks. The species is endemic to Argentina with records from Buenos Aires and Santiago del Estero Provinces (Jacobi 1907b; Torres 1945a). We collected examples in Chaco Province. The species is associated with the Chaco floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. Chaco, Rt. 11—12.5 km No. of Rt. 16, 28-XII-1986, J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Chaco, Rt. 11—12.5 km No. of Rt. 16, 28-XII-1986, F. Noriega coll. (one male, MSHC); Chaco, Rt. 11—12.5 km No. of Rt. 16, 28-XII-1986, J.E. & M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Chaco, Rt. 11—12.5 km No. of Rt. 16, 29-XII-1986, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC); Chaco, Dto. 1o de Mayo, Ruta 11, 12.5 km No. of Ruta 16, 29-XII-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega Coll. (two males, MSHC); Chaco, Rt. 11—12.5 km No. of Rt. 16, 28-XII-1986, J.E. & M.S. Heath Coll. (one male, AFSC); Chaco, Dto. 1o de Mayo, Ruta 11, 12.5 km No. of Ruta 16, 29-XII-1988, Heath-Sanborn-Noriega coll. (one male, AFSC); Prov. Chaco, Ruta 11, 12.5. km North of junction with Ruta 16, 12-I-1992, A.. Sanborn Coll. (two males, AFSC).

Mendozana platypleura Distant, 1906 Mendozana platypleura Distant 1906a: 153. Semaiophora basimaculata Haupt 1918: 88. Fadylia bruchi Delétang 1919: 93.

Type locality. Catamarca Province, Argentina. Remarks. The species was reported from Buenos Aires, Catamarca, La Rioja, and San Juan Provinces (Haupt 1918; Torres 1945a). The reference to Córdoba in Torres (1945a) is a mistake for Catamarca based on the specimen label. We collected specimens in Catamarca, La Rioja, San Juan, and San Luis Provinces. The species is associated with the Chaco and Monte floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a). New provincial records. San Luis, 8 km W Rt. 79 on Rt. 20, 7-XII-1981, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll. (eight males, MSHC).

Species removed from the list of species recorded from Argentina Zammara tympanum (Fabricius, 1803) [Tettigonia] tympanum Fabricius 1803b: 40.

Type locality. Brazil. Remarks. As stated in the analysis of Z. strepens, the references to Z. tympanum probably relate to Z. tympanum (Palisot de Beauvois, 1813) which is a junior synonym of Z. strepens. The references to locations for the species are only “Argentina” (Metcalf 1963a). Zammara tympanum has been recorded from Belize, Honduras, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Colombia, Brazil, Peru and Paraguay (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Sanborn 2010; 2011a). The records from Paraguay also appear to be Z. strepens (Sanborn 2011a). We remove the species until specimens of the true Z. tympanum can be verified from Argentina.


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Fidicina mannifera (Fabricius, 1803a) Cicada plebeja Linnaeus 1767: 707 (non Scopoli, 1763). Tettigonia mannifera Fabricius 1803a: 36. Cicada cantatrix Germar 1830: 41. Fidicina rana Walker 1850: 88. Fidicina excavata Walker 1850: 92. Fidicina divisa Walker 1858a: 16. Fidicina africana Metcalf 1955: 267.

Type locality. South America. Remarks. The previous references to Fidicina mannifera (Fabricius) from Misiones (e.g., Torres, 1946; Sanborn et al. 1995b) are now considered to be F. torresi as the type locality for F. torresi is Misiones and our specimens fit the description of F. torresi. Specimens which historically were identified as F. mannifera were split into multiple species and genera by Boulard & Martinelli (1996). Previously the species was known from the Antilles, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Surinam (Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 185; Boulard & Martinelli 1996; Sanborn 2010a; 2011a; 2011b) and had a more northerly distribution. The records from Paraguay also need confirmation as the specimens reported from Paraguay were collected across the Paraná River from the type locality and other collecting sites in Misiones for F. torresi (Sanborn 2011a). The specimen of F. mannifera reported from Tucumán (Hayward 1960) is considered a misidentification as it is significantly out of range of the taxon, the specimen probably belongs to F. affinis which has been recorded from neighboring provinces (Haupt 1918).

Proarna grisea (Fabricius, 1775) [Tettigonia] grisea Fabricius 1775: 678.

Type locality. America. Remarks. Berg (1879) stated that he had a specimen from Jujuy that corresponded well to the existing description. Delétang (1919) lists Argentina within the distribution of P. grisea but provides no specific location data. He also stated that he had not seen any specimens. The distribution for the species includes the West Indies, Guyana, Northern Peru, Ecuador and Venzuela (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2007a) so it appears the species is distributed in the northwestern portion of the continent. The reference to P. grisea by Berg (1879) probably concerns P. insignis which is similar in general appearance to P. grisea and is common in the cloud forests of the northwesten portion of Argentina. We remove the species until additional specimens collected in Argentina confirm the presence of the species in the country.

Pachypsaltria cinctomaculata (Stål, 1854) C[icada] cinctomaculata Stål 1854: 243. Carineta ciliaris Walker 1858a: 24.

Type locality. Venezuela. Remarks. The species was reported to inhabit Argentina by Torres (1945a). These same specimens became part of the type series for his later described species P. haematodes (Torres 1960). As a result, the record for P. cinctomaculata is invalid and the species is removed from the cicada fauna of Argentina. This species has the greatest range of any species in the genus Pachypsaltria with specimens being reported from Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecudaor, and Venezuela (Metcalf 1963b; Sanborn 2007a; 2010a) but no confirmed records from Argentina.



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Dorachosa explictata Distant, 1892 Dorachosa explicata Distant 1892: 64.

Type locality. Panama. Remarks. Distant (1892) listed Panama as habitat for the species. The reference to Argentina came in Metcalf (1963c) as a mistake when reading the table on page 55 of Distant’s article. Distant only makes reference to Panama for the species. A similar mistake appears to have been made in the same paper with respect to Proarna bergi inadvertently being attributed to Colombia in Metcalf’s catalog (Sanborn 2010a).

Tettigades chilensis Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843 Tettigades chilensis Amyot & Audinet-Serville 1843: 470. Cicada rubrolineata Spinola 1852: 239. Fidicina crassivena Walker 1858b: 9. Cicada eremophila Philippi 1860: 156.

Type locality. Chile. Remarks. The species has been reported from Argentina and Chile (Metcalf 1963c). It has been reported from Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, Mendoza, Santa Cruz, and Tucumán Provinces (Berg 1879; Breddin 1897; Delétang 1919; Hayward 1942; Torres 1944). Torres (1944) argued that previous references to T. chilensis in Argentina were actually references to different or undescribed species. In his revision of the genus, Torres (1958a) records the species as restricted to central Chile and not part of the Argentine fauna.

Tettigades compacta Walker, 1850 Tettigades compacta Walker 1850: 256.

Type locality. West Coast of America. Remarks. The species has been recorded from Argentina and Chile (Metcalf 1963c). However, the reference to Argentina in Metcalf (1963c) is a misinterpretation of Delétang (1923) who was not claiming that the species was found in Argentina but was making a comparison to Argentine species. Torres (1958a) had the species restricted to Chile as well.

Tettigades lizeriana Delétang, 1919 Tettigades lizeriana Delétang 1919: 88.

Type locality. Mendoza, Argentina. Remarks. The species is reported from Mendoza (Delétang 1919). Torres (1958a) did not consider the species in his revision of Tettigades as the description is limited to a statement in a dichotomous key to distinguish T. lizeriana from T. chilensis Amyot & Audinet-Serville. The description was not complete nor was it illustrated, and the specimen on which the species was to be based was never seen by the curator of the collection where it was to be deposited. The whole description of T. lizeriana concerns the base of the seventh apical cell reaching beyond the middle of the eighth. Delétang (1919) stated that he had discovered a new species whose description was to be published did not consider the statement in the key to be the complete species description. Following Article 8.2 of the Code (ICZN 1999) the statement in Delétang (1919) that the description was to be published (“a publicarse”) strongly suggests that he was not publishing the name for the permanent scientific record. Recommendation B8 of the Code (ICZN 1999) states that names should not be established in keys as was the case for T. lizeriana. Since the name does not meet the criterion of Article 8.2, it does not meet the criterion of Articles 11.1 or 12.1 which makes the name unavailable under Article 10.1. Article 10.1.1 also applies in this case as Delétang (1919) did not supply all data for the new taxon and he expressly stated that he would publish the information in the future (“a


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publicarse”). The name is not available until all relevant Articles have been met. Since there was no additional work published with the full species description, the name is unavailable. Therefore, we suggest that Tettigades lizeriana Delétang, 1919 is an invalid name because it has not met the provisions for availability under the Code.

Tettigades opaca Jacobi, 1907 Tettigades opaca Jacobi 1907a: 27. Tettigades porteri Brèthes 1920: 10.

Type locality. Chile. Remarks. The species has been reported from Argentina and Chile (Metcalf 1963c; Duffels & van der Laan 1985). The reference to Argentina in Metcalf (1963c) is a mistake. Buenos Aires is mentioned at the end of Brèthes (1920) but as the site of publication of the article and not the collection site of specimens of the new species. Torres (1958a) also describes the species as endemic to Chile.

Tettigades ulnaria Distant, 1906 Tettigades ulnaria Distant 1906d: 64.

Type locality. Chile. Remarks. The species has been reported from Argentina and Chile (Metcalf 1963c; Duffels & van der Laan 1985). Delétang (1919) reported the species in Mendoza and Río Negro Provinces in Argentina. Torres (1944) argued that Argentine references to T. ulnaria in Argentina were actually references to different or undescribed species and that the species was endemic to Chile. In his revision of the genus, Torres (1958a) has the species restricted to central Chile and not part of the Argentine fauna. The taxon is considered to have been misapplied and is not considered part of the Argentine cicada fauna.

Discussion Even though the Argentine cicada fauna has been the focus of previous study, we were able to increase the known diversity significantly. The new records and new species provided here represent a 35% increase in the previously known cicada fauna for the country. The alpha diversity of the Argentine cicada fauna was determined to be 108 species, 37 genera, eight tribes, and three subfamilies of cicadas. Fifty-eight species (54%) and 10 genera (27%) are currently endemic to Argentina. The rates of endemism for the Argentine cicada fauna are greater than Mexico (46%, Sanborn 2007b; 2010b; Sanborn et al. 2011b), French Guiana (34%, Sanborn 2011b), Colombia (10%, Sanborn 2010a), Venezuela (16%, Sanborn 2007a; 2010a), Guatelmala (7%, Sanborn 2006a; 2010b), Nicaragua (5%, Sanborn & Maes 2012), Paraguay (0%, Sanborn 2011a), El Salvador (0%, Sanborn 2001), Belize (0%, Sanborn 2006a; 2010b), Honduras (0%, Sanborn 2006a; 2010b) but less than the insular faunae of Hispaniola (92%, Ramos 1983; Sanborn 2009b), Cuba (75%, Sanborn 2009a) or the United States (69%, Sanborn & Heath 2012). The alpha diversity for Argentina is the fourth greatest in the New World behind the United States, Brazil, and Mexico (Metcalf 1963a; 1963b; 1963c; Sanborn 2007b; 2010b; Sanborn & Heath 2012). The Argenine fauna includes genera with origins in both temperate and tropical regions increasing opportunities for greater diversity as was demonstrated for the Mexican cicada fauna (Sanborn 2007b). The north-south latitudinal expanse of the country combined with the broad east-west area and altitudinal gradient also produces diverse phytogeographic communities (Cabrera 1971) available for speciation. As a result, the Argentine cicada fauna is more than five times as diverse as the neighboring Chilean cicada fauna (20 species in four genera with 17 species of Tettigades) (Metcalf 1963a; 1963c) that extends over a similar latitudinal gradient but lacks the diversity of habitats seen in an east-west transect of Argentina.



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Acknowledgements J.E. Heath and F.G. Noriega provided invaluable assistance with field collections and museum work in Argentina. Financial support for fieldwork used in this study was provided by the Fulbright Foundation (to J.E. Heath), Tinker Foundation, United States Public Health Service traineeship GMS07143, Sigma Xi Grant in Aid of Research, Special Program for the Improvement and Development of the Ecological Research (F.G. Noriega), University of Illinois Graduate College, and Barry University. A. Bachmann (MACN), J. Deckert (ZMHB), L. De Santis, A. Orgemi, and O. Bretino (MLPA), B. Gustafsson and G. Lindberg (NHRS), S. Halbert (FSCA), S. Heydon (UCDC), N. Kristensen (ZMUC), J. O’Donnell and G. Goemans (UCMS), M. Webb (BMNH), A. Willink (IMLA), and Weiping Xie (LACM) assisted with access to their respective collections. D. Rojas Lanus (Argentina), F. Penco (Argentina), D.A. de Lamo (Argentina), and D. Emery (Australia) provided specimens to AFS.

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