The Cognitive Approach to Modeling Environments (CAME'06) Kai-Florian Richter, Urs-Jakob Rüetschi (Eds.)
SFB/TR 8 Report No. 009-08/2006 Report Series of the Transregional Collaborative Research Center SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition Universität Bremen / Universität Freiburg
Contact Address: Dr. Thomas Barkowsky SFB/TR 8 Universität Bremen P.O.Box 330 440 28334 Bremen, Germany
© 2006 SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition
Tel +49-421-218-64233 Fax +49-421-218-9864233
[email protected] www.sfbtr8.uni-bremen.de
GIScience Workshop on
THE COGNITIVE APPROACH TO MODELING ENVIRONMENTS (CAME’06)
Workshop Chairs Kai-Florian Richter, Universität Bremen Urs-Jakob Rüetschi, Universität Zürich
Program Committee Pragya Agarwal, University College London Thomas Barkowsky, Universität Bremen Birgit Elias, Universität Hannover Sarah Fabrikant, Universität Zürich Alexander Klippel, University of Melbourne Sabine Timpf, Universität Zürich Georg Vrachliotis, ETH Zürich Katharine Willis, Universität Weimar
Münster, Germany 20 September 2006
2
CONTENTS SESSION 1: COGNITION OF ENVIRONMENTS More Park Space in a Denser City Alexander Ståhle .............................................................................................................. 5 Investigating the Effect of Visual Integration on Wayfinding Performance Using 3D VE Itzhak Omer & Ran Goldblatt ........................................................................................ 11 Isovists, Occlusions and the Exosomatic Visual Architecture Alasdair Turner .............................................................................................................. 17
SESSION 2: DATA AND COGNITION Ground Truthing Space Syntax Drew Dara-Abrams ........................................................................................................ 23 Conceptual Spaces for Data Descriptions Carsten Keßler................................................................................................................ 29 Getting from Cognition to Collection: Data Provision for Usable Models Clare Davies ................................................................................................................... 37
SESSION 3: REPRESENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTS Cognitive Structure, Urban Symbolic Order and Landmark Detection Ana Paula Neto de Faria & Romulo Krafta ................................................................... 41 On Modeling of Large-Scale Environments for Solving Spatio-Temporal Planning Problems Inessa Seifert .................................................................................................................. 49 Use of Affordances in Cognitive Modeling for Wayfinding Pierre-Emmanuel Michon, David Duguay, and Geoffrey Edwards............................... 57
3
4
More park space in a denser city - Measuring open space accessibility and smart growth Alexander Ståhle School of Architecture, Royal Institute of Technology Address: S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden Email:
[email protected] This paper is a short version of a longer article submitted to a major scientific journal.
Abstract This study suggests new tools for understanding and measuring how urban morphology affects green space accessibility, not only because urban structure distributes open space to people, it also creates users and stakeholders. A questionnaire from 2001 (TEMO) states that, citizens in some dense inner-city-districts experience higher green space accessibility than in some low-density “green” suburbs in Stockholm. This peculiar result was the starting point of testing old and new measures in ten different city districts, using a new GIS-application “The Place Syntax Tool” (PST). PST makes it possible to calculate the ‘topological’ open space accessibility from every place (address point) in an urban area, current or planned. A new measure, which take range, orientation (axial line distance), green space size and number of use values into account, correlated considerably better to the questionnaire (R2=0,74 p
