The Molecular Genetics of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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occurred also i n 2 patients w i t h schistosomi s i s (13.2,. 18.2nmol/L, respective counts 1200, 1240x 10 /L)6and one each with strongyloidiasis (86.4nmol/L, ...
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Medical Research Society U s i n g a radio-enzymatic assay we found, i n severe asthma, a s i g n i f i c a n t p o s i t i v e c o i - r e l a t i o n o f t h e venous plasma h i s t a m i n e c o n c e n t r a t i o n and t h e e o s i n o p h i l count (Charles TJ e t a 1 C l i n S c i 57: 39,61979). A l l 3 p a t i e n t s w i t h e o s i n o p h i l i a ( 8 1 9 , 5 2 5 , 5 3 0 ~ 10 /L) had r a i s e d plasma h i s t a m i n e l e v e l s (11.8, 20.0, 25.0nmol/L r e s p e c t i v e l y ) ; 6 of 18 o t h e r s had r a i s e d l e v e l s ( h i g h e s t 18.4nmol/L) without eosinophilia. Raised plasma h i s t a m i n e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s and e o s i n o p h i l i a occurred a l s o i n 2 p a t i e n t s w i t h s c h i s t o s o m i s i s (13.2, 18.2nmol/L, r e s p e c t i v e c o u n t s 1200, 1240x 10 /L)6and one /L) noneach w i t h s t r o n g y l o i d i a s i s (86.4nmol/L, 2457x p a r a s i t i c g i a n t u r t i c a r i a (48.2nmol/L,=-440x 10 /L) and o s t e i t i s deformans (14.5nmol/L, 735x 106/L). Normal values o c c u r r e d i n 4 p a t i e n t s w i t h o n c h o c e r c i a s i s ( 3 . 6 , 4.4, 6.4 10.8nmol/L, r e s p e c t i v e counts 3663,1200,980, 6 1700x 10 /L) w i t h z e r o values i n one each w i t h I j e r n i c i o u s anaemia and venous c a l f thrombosis ( 5 5 0 , 9 3 6 ~10 / L respe c t i v e l y ) . The mean plasma h i s t a m i n e c o n c e n t r a t i o n (18.7 nmol/L) of t h e 1 4 p a t i e n t s w i t h e o s i n o p h i l i a was s i g n i f i c a n t l y g r e a t e r t h a n t h a t (4.0nmol/L) o f 34 normal subj e c t s , ~ ~ 0 . 0 1t h;e i n d i v i d u a l v a l u e s and e o s i n o p h i l counts were n o t s i g n i f i c a n t l y c o r r e l a t e d . Raised plasma h i s t a m i n e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s i n s c h i s t o s o m i a s i s and s t r o n g y l o i d i a s i s , and normal v a l u e s i n onchoc e r c i a s i s are reported f o r t h e f i r s t time. I n schistosom i a s i s , s t r o n g y l o i d i a s i s , g i a n t u r t i c a r i a and asthma t h e data are compatible w i t h the hypothesis t h a t histamine may, i n some diseases, p a r t i c i p a t e i n e v o k i n g eosinophilia.

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Streptokinase (SK) is the mainstay 01 thrombolylic treatment in the UK though the developement of antibodies (Ab) after SK administration limits its use a second time. While Ab levels are high 2 weeks after SK treatment' it is unclear how rapidly they develop, nor is it clear whether patients can develop Abs to SK from previous streptococcal infections. The aim of this study was to measure antiSK activity in patients before and during the hospital stay after SK treatment. 40 patients (28 male, age 347lyears) given SK for a suspected acute myocardial infarction for the first time were included on admission, 01 whom 15 were followed until discharge. AntiSK activity was measured on venous blood samples drawn on Day 0, Day 3-4 and Day 7-10 by one immunological (Elisa. total IgG), and 2 functional assays (neutralisation Ab titres' and a fibrin plate clot lysis assay, which measured the area of a fibrin plate lysed by a standard amount of SK in the presence 01 the patients serum). In the fifteen patients followed through the hospital stay, antiSK activity (mearkso) lor Day 0. Day 3-4 and Day 7-10 was 7.1&6.3u, 19.3~45.1and 2 6 7 ~ 1 5 9lor the Elisa, 66.7521.7u, 3 7 5 5 4 4 2 ~and 3667~2594 for the neulralising Ab assay and 16475358mm2. 14465707mm2 and 2575323mm2 lor the fibrin plate clot lysis assay. Differences between Day 0 and Day 3-4 were no1 signilicant, the marked rise in the two Ab levels and the marked increase in the inhibition of in vitro clot lysis between Day 3-4 and Day 7-10 were significant, p