e o{vermlcnmpo.ta. N Q Anmcon. C A Edwards, S:S Lee. The Ohio State UII/1111'Sfty, 1735NeilAwmue, Columbus, OH43210 USA'. Email: armrcon.1(i!/Bdtl.osu.
HE Bepe C"
~ERENCE i
- Pests & Diseases 2002
8B-2
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Mll!lAgement orplant paraBltic nematode population. by u.e o{vermlcnmpo.ta N Q Anmcon. C A Edwards, S:S Lee
The Ohio State UII/1111'Sfty, 1735 NeilAwmue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA'
Ph)'top"tJsora~ PWarlum. and Plo8lrlodlopnoro' in tomato~ and ~abbage, Pythium.·1IUd
Rh.~octo7lio in cucumblll' and radish IIUd ymtoll/ium in sttawben:iea (Chaoul, ·«t al.. 2002).
Email: armrcon.1(i!/Bdtl.osu
A comprehenaive review concluded that various
'
E Yardlm 'YlIZlIIICfI Til rri//ll/lr.wtll.w ,'BltM Koruma Bohnnll,
filIllll of orgBIlio matter Iln:J.cndmonta OlD
otbm. suppn:81 plant p...Bltia 'nmnatode :popruatiDllJl (Addabdo, 1995). Que OXpedmentl
were 'desiped ·to IWIIIIII whcthlll" vm:mlcompom possCas propcrtllll which IlUppl1lll8 plllllt
parasitic ncmato~e population&.
VQ1l, llIrkey
ABSTRACT
MATEJUALB AND METHODS
Commercilal vennicompom. produced ftum cattle 1tUlllUre, fbad-and recycled paper wastes, were applled.at rides of 5 tlha. 10 tIha and 20 tlha. to field plots planted with tomatoes (l.iJIcoper,WCOll «sculelltllm) bell peppers (CapslCfI111 ml1l111r1 grossum), Itrawberries (Fragaria Q1Ia1JQSct) or grapes (Pitis wlI(fera). Control plots were treated with inorganio f'erti11zei'a only. and all vllrmicompost treated plotl were supplemented with inorganic fertilban, to equalize levels of availai1le 'N In all plota. Nematodes populations were estimated by 'after ex:tractIon In B aermann funnels and Ilematodoa were identified and clauified to trophio level. Populations of plant-parasitic . nemstodes were depressed slgnificantly.by tho throe vennicpmpom in all fbur field ".1;'
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to tho outer rowIi to maximize diatancoa between plants. Plastic mulch, miDi"aprinldc:rtl a:ad drip hrlption &yIdemI WClnl 00lI8In10t0d ovO!' tho ndaed bods aft.... VO
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Figure 2. Rhizoctcmia symptom suppression in radish seedlings planted in a soil less medium (MM360) substituted with vec:nicompost, inoculated with 1:2000 dil1.Itlon RhizOCtonia (mean::l: statl.dard error). S:M:M: is sterilized :MM360, VC is'vec:nicompost and SVC is sterilized vemllcompost. The disease scale is rated 1 (symptomless) to 5 (severe). Columns followed by the same letter do not differ significantly (p 0
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Rhizoct07lia symptom Suppression in radish seedlings planted in a soil less medium (MM360) substituted with vem:ticompost, inoculated with ,1:2000 dilution RlzizOctonia (mean::l: standard error). S:M:M is sterilized '.M:.M360 a:ad VC is vem:UcompQst The disease scale is rated 1 (symptomless) to 5 (severe). Colum:ns followed by the same letter do not diffflI' significantly (pS!:s and inorganic.fertilizers. All treabnents receiVed the same ov&an nutrient applica- . •.. tions.
fertiliz-'" .
pods
There was a tendency for the application of inorgamc fertilizer and con'l1eIr
tional compost to tomato and pepper plOts to decrease the numbers of ,
ic groups of soil arthropods. The appliqrtions of vemriromposts increased ,the :
biodiversity of soil arthropods. There was a clear tendency for the application
inorganic fertilizer to ~cre.:ise popuIatians of plmt parasitic nematodes, com- '
pared to treatments of ver:micampost:s or conventional compost There was ill>
coiIsistent effect of the treatments on yields of tomatoes but vermiconiposts
increased yields of peppers distinctly.'
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INFLUENCES OF VElWICOMPOSTS
ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF
FIELD~GROWN TOMATOES AND PEPPERS
N.Q. Arancon, C.A. Edwards.. P. Biennan, and J. Metzger Soil Ecology Laboratory
The 0Pia State u:oi:versiIy Columbus, Ohio 43210 USA
Vermicomposts are products of a non-thennophilic biodegradation of ~c materials by earthWOIII1s. The humus-like products have excellent phys
iochemical and biological properties that make-up good organic soil condition ers. Howevez;. vemrlcompost applications have been very limited in commercial crop production because of the lack. of extensive investigations in'a wide range of field crops and climatic conditions. Vennicomposts derived from cattle
manure, fopd waste andrecyded paper were applied into field-grown tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) and pepper (Capsicum anuum grossum). The aim of the research is to investigate its influence on the test aup's growth and yield. Vermicomposts were applied in full rate (9 tons! acre) and half rate (4.5 tons! acre) into plots measuring 5 X 18 ft. Inorganic £ertilizers were added to
each pIotto complement total Nand K requirement equivale¢to the plots applied with full rate inotgamc ferfilizers which served as oontroL All plots were drip inigated and mulched with black. polyethylene plastic. 1he field was laid out in a randomized complete block. design with £our replications.
Inorganically £ert:ilized tomato plots showed the hlghest shoot biomass yields. However;. full rates of cattle manure and recycled paper vermicomposts had the highest mad::et:able fruit yields. Non-marketable fruit yield was loWest in cow manure vermicantpost. 0veraIJ., yields in tomatoes were not Significantly different in an t:reat;m.ents. Vermicompost-applied plots in peppers showed higher :m.arlretable yields with low proportions of non-marketable fruits. Both rates of row manure and recycled paper vermicomposts and half rate of food waste vemUcompost were
significantly greater than the control microh;iaJ. biomass nitrogen in control plots in both crops was lowest in control plots and re1atively high inmost of the ver micomposts. Nematode examinations showed that plant parasites in the c:Orttrol plots were :relatively greater in number while bacterlvores and fungivores were g¢nerally loWer.. A similar set of experiments had been set-up this yeax to con fum. results. .
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