BS EN ISO 11925-2. Reaction to fire tests – Ignitability of building products
subjected to direct impingement of flame – Part 2: Single-flame source test. BS
EN ...
Protecting People, Property and the Planet
The role of LPCB approved products in fire protection in the UK
Graham Orme International Director BRE Global Ltd October 2013
Part of the BRE Trust
BRE – The Building Research Establishment • UK government agency established in 1921 • Privatised 1997
• A Charitable Trust • Not for profit • HQ just north of London
Corporate Structure Trust Company
Structure
Fire & Security products & services approvals
Fire, security and electronics testing, research, consultancy, investigation and training
Environmental standards, assessments and ratings for buildings
LPCB History • Following the 1666 great fire of London each insurer set up a Fire Office – to look after fire risk • In the 1860’s (200 years later) an association for Insurers was set up - Fire Offices’ Committee-FOC
1860’s Fire Offices’ Committee formed
1880’s FOC list of approved products
• FOC approved product list commenced 1880’s
• FOC developed installation ‘rules’ starting in 1885 with the sprinkler rules • Fire detection standards and approvals 1950’s
• FIRTO/LPCB 1980’s • BRE Global 2000 • Today LPCB continues to be a globally recognised approver of Fire & Security Products & Services
1950’s FOC approved ‘extincter’ 1980’s LPCB formed
2000 BRE Global acquires LPCB
Fire and Security Approval Schemes • Passive fire protection products and services • Fire detection and alarm systems and services • Sprinkler, spray and deluge systems and services • Fire extinguishers and hose reels • Fixed fire fighting systems and services • Security products
UK Building Regulations – The Building Regulations in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are now devolved – Purpose is to secure reasonable standards of health and safety for persons in and around buildings (and others who may be affected by buildings or matters connected with buildings) – They set functional requirements – Below the Regulations we have the Approved Documents which give guidance for compliance – Fire = Approved Document B (2 parts)
– Compliance can be achieved outside the ADs
Building Regulations Requirements – Based around Reaction to Fire and Fire Resistance – Reaction to Fire properties are related to the early stages of initiation and growth of a fire i.e. ignitability, combustibility, rate of fire spread and rate of heat release and are assessed in standardised fire tests – Fire Resistance is a measure of survivability of building elements based on load bearing capacity, integrity and insulation and is assessed in standardised fire tests
Regulatory Requirements – Reaction to Fire – The functional requirement B2 covering internal fire spread within a building through control of wall and ceiling linings states that: – “To inhibit the spread of fire within the building, the internal linings shall –
(a) adequately resist the spread of flame over their surfaces; and (b) have, if ignited, either a rate of heat release or a rate of fire growth, which is reasonable in the circumstances”
Regulatory Requirements – Fire Resistance – The functional requirement B3 covering internal fire spread in relation to the structure states that: – “The building shall be designed and constructed so that, in the event of a fire, its stability will be maintained for a reasonable period.” – This is achieved through effective sub-division using fire resistant construction and through adequate fire stopping around openings and cavities.
Reaction to fire performance – AD B (England) table 1 (vol. 1 – dwelling houses) or table 10 (vol. 2 –buildings other than dwelling houses) Location
National class
European class
Small rooms of area not more than: a. 4m2 in residential accommodation b. 30m2 in nonresidential accommodation
3
D-s3, d2
Other rooms
1
C-s3,d2
0
B-s3,d2
Circulation spaces within dwellings Other circulation spaces including the common areas of blocks of flats
European reaction to fire classification based on test methods Standard reference
Title/scope
BS EN ISO 1716
Reaction to fire tests for building products – Determination of the gross heat of combustion
BS EN ISO 1182
Reaction to fire tests for products – Non-combustibility test
BS EN 13823
Reaction to fire tests on building products – Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
BS EN ISO 11925-2
Reaction to fire tests – Ignitability of building products subjected to direct impingement of flame – Part 2: Single-flame source test
BS EN 13283
Reaction to fire tests for building products – Conditioning procedures and general rules for selection of substrates
BS EN 13501-1
Fire classification of construction products and building elements Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests
BS EN 13823 SBI test
EN 1182, EN 1716, EN 11925-2
Minimum periods of fire resistance
Fire resistance classification based on fire tests Standard reference
Title/scope
BS EN 1363-1
Fire resistance tests – Part 1: General requirements
BS EN 1363-2
Fire resistance tests – Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures
BS EN 1364-1
Fire resistance tests for non-load bearing elements – Walls
BS EN 1364-2
Fire resistance for non-load bearing elements – Part 2: Ceilings
BS EN 1365-1
Fire resistance tests for load bearing elements – Part 1: Walls
BS EN 1365-2
Fire resistance for load bearing elements – Part 2: Floors and roofs
BS EN 1365-3
Fire resistance for load bearing elements – Part 3: Beams
BS EN 1365-4
Fire resistance for load bearing elements – Part 4: Columns
BS EN 1365-5
Fire resistance for load bearing elements – Part 5: Balconies and walkways
BS EN 1365-6
Fire resistance for load bearing elements – Part 6: Stairs
BS EN 13501-2
Fire classification of construction products and building elements Part 2: Classification using data from fire resistance tests excluding ventilation systems
Standard fire tests
Harmonised EN – CE mark the product – Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP) – System 1+ (product certification inc. the issuing of a certificate of constancy of performance with determination of the product-type, continuous surveillance and audit testing by a notified product certification body) – System 1 (product certification inc. the issuing of a constancy of performance with determination of the product-type and continuous surveillance by a notified product certification body) – System 2+ (factory production control certification continuous surveillance by a notified factory production control certification body) – System 3 (determination of product type by a notified testing laboratory) – System 4 (manufacturer’s tasks only)
– Declaration of product performance – manufacturer’s responsibility in accordance with hEN or EAD
What is LPCB? • LPCB is a third party approval (or certification) body that carries out a conformity assessment process, independent of both supplier and customer organisations. We provide confirmation that products and services have met and will continue to meet the requirements of specified standards. • The LPCB approval process is governed and controlled through international standards. • LPCB is overseen by our national accreditation body. • Approval process is consistent.
What is Third Party Approval - Products? • For LPCB product schemes, approval comprises: • Initial type testing and evaluation of product (sampled by LPCB) • Approval of the manufacturer’s quality management system to ISO 9001 • Assessment of the manufacturer’s factory production control system (FPC) • Approval awarded if tests/systems are satisfactory • Periodic audit testing of the product from either the factory or marketplace • Surveillance of ISO 9001 and FPC systems • Labelling or marking as appropriate. • Listing of the approved product in the Red Book.
What is Third Party Approval - Installers? • For LPCB installer schemes, approval comprises: • Technical assessment of the installation contractor’s capability • Approval of the contractor’s quality management system to ISO 9001 or assessment against the requirements of the relevant Loss Prevention Standard where ISO 9001 is not appropriate. • Approval awarded if assessment/systems are satisfactory • Regular surveillance inspections of on-going installations • Surveillance of the quality management system • Certificates of Conformity are issued to demonstrate compliance for each installation • Listing of the approved installer in the Red Book.
Standards
Building Codes/Regulations
Installation/System Codes Product Standards
Loss Prevention Standards used for Approval – Loss Prevention Standards (LPS) developed in collaboration with industry, clients, insurers, regulators and other stakeholders – LPCB drafted – Consensus documents – Incorporate National, European or International standards
Scope of LPSs •
Loss prevention in terms of property protection and business interruption – go beyond minimum (life safety) regulatory compliance
•
Risks not adequately addressed by existing BS/EN/ISO standards
•
Or where there is no recognised standard
•
Innovative products
Benefits of Approval • Benefits apply to manufacturers, end users, insurers, clients, specifiers, contractors, regulators:
• • • • •
For specifiers/end users/regulators etc: Risk reduction Avoidance of costly mistakes Time – correct application Traceability of product
• For manufacturers/installers: • Added value of the product or service • Reduced liability
Why LPCB Approval? • Many LPCB schemes are underpinned by independent research carried out by BRE Global • LPCB staff have usually participated in the committee and have expert knowledge of the standards, testing and evaluation of the products • Hence we are recognised by regulators, major clients and insurers worldwide as technically strong • This results in a robust approval • Listing in the Red Book
Sandwich panels and built up cladding systems – There were a number of fires in food processing factories and large warehouses in the UK in the 1990s – Insurers paid out on losses – A number of fire fighters were killed – Buildings complied with the requirements in the building regulations! – LPCB worked with insurers (and other interested stakeholders) to develop a Loss Prevention Standard for testing and classifying these systems – LPS 1181 for sandwich panels and built up cladding systems was developed – Adoption by insurers was rapid – LPS 1181 has de facto regulated the use of sandwich panels in the UK
External cladding systems BR 135 3rd edition revised and published 2013 (BRE Trust funded) BS 8414 LPS 1581 and LPS 1582
Cavity barriers – jointly funded by BRE Trust and NHBC with Industry partnering for supply of materials
Thank you for listening Questions ? Contact Graham Orme
LPCB E:
[email protected] T: +44 7901 006219
