Tumor angiogenesis and tumor hypoxia as diagnostic indices for differentiation of benign versus malignant breast masses Quing Zhu*, Scott H. Kurtzman+, Edward Cronin**, Mark Kane+, Minming Huang*, Chen Xu*, NanGuang Chen*, Daqing Piao*, Poornima Hegde+, Susan Tannenbaum+, Bipin Jagjivan+, Kristen Zarfos+ *University of Connecticut, +University of Connecticut Health Center, **Hartford Hospital Correspondence: Quing Zhu,
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Abstract In this report, clinical examples of using combined ultrasound and optical diffused wave technique to image tumor total hemoglobin concentration and tumor hypoxia are given. These examples demonstrate that the sensitivity and specificity of using tumor hemoglobin level as diagnostic index are much higher than that of tumor hypoxia.
Introduction: Optical tomography with ultrasound localization has shown its potential value in distinguishing benign from smaller malignant tumors [1]. Initial clinical results have demonstrated that early stage invasive carcinomas present two-hold higher total hemoglobin concentration than the benign lesions of 6 categories [2]. Both maximum and average of total hemoglobin level were statistically significantly higher in the malignant group than the benign group (P
