Two new species and combinations of Stipa L. (Graminae) from ...

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approach to the taxonomy of St$a in the wcsl of the Mediterranean region. A study of abundant material from north west Africa in the course of a review.
Two new species and combinations of Stipa L. (Graminae)from northwest Africa FRANCISCO M. LTAZQUEZ

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S@n 6nrDafn subsp. brrr~~piln( C o r 5 . k 1)ui-ic.u) 1 , \ 7 a z c l ~ ~ eKrz Dr\.rsa. stat.

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nov. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sStip ,q+tm S L I ~ X ~ mnmrrtltza . (Pau Kr 1''cJIlt QLW) F.11. \ ' ~ Z ( ~ I I C Z& stat. nov. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stipa meridionalis 1'.R1. VBzquc./ & l ) t w ~ s i ,sp. nov. . . . Stipa magrebensis FAI. \'6zquc/ & I)c.\.esi. sp. nov. . . . .~rkno\ilcdgcmrn~s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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'Lo2 20 & 200 208 200

The genus Jtzpa L. (crihe Stipeup) ( ~ i i i p ~ i \ citlier cs (. 100 (Frcitag, 1985,; Bnr k\\01 th & Everctt, 1987) or c. 300 spccies ( I'r\ cle\~,1989); this diccrepaiicy ciiiph,iSizc\ thr taxonomic problems in this genus. In northern Africa, Stzpa i\ repicscritcd 11) about 25 y~ccics (hlairr. 1053, hlartinovsk~, 1980; Scholz, 1989, 190 1); \omc arc al\o prewnt in Rlcditcri a i i c m

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areas in southern or southeastern Europe, while others arc represcnted in thcsc areas only by some endemic iiifraspecific taxa. Taxononiic knowledge in these areas is based mainly on the revicw of the gciius by Maire (1953) and studies by Scholz (1989, 1991). O u r recent study (Viizqucz 8r Devcsa, 1996) also offered a ~ C M ’ approach to the taxonomy of St$a in the wcsl of the Mediterranean region. A study of abundant material from north west Africa in the course of a review

for the C?ieckli,vt of Thscular Plants ofNortliern i2,lorocco (B. ValdCs, ed.) brought to light new taxa and revealed the iiced for coinbinatioiis as proposed below.

St$a barbata subsp. breuil,ila (Coss. 8r Durieu) P’.hl. VAzqucz 8r Devesa, stat. nov.

Basionym. St$a harbata var. brev$ila Coss. & Duricu, Expl, Sc. .i[q. 2:76 (1 867) I d loc. “In apricis ad lacum salsum Chott-el-Chergui !”

Lectogpe. P-COSSON (Vazquez 8r Ilcvcsa, loc. [it.) ,Specimens selected. ALGERIA. Cliott-rl-Chergui, 29.v. 1812, E. Cbsson (P-COSSON (lecto&be)). MOROCCO: KSAR-ES-SOUK. Col dc ‘I’izi, n’Talrhemt, I4.vi. 1988, J . Molero, A.M. Romo & A. Susanna (hlA 337928). MEKNES. l f o y c n Atlas, Timhadit, 15.vi.1988, J . Molero, A.M. Ronio & A. S‘uJanna (MA 53791 3). Itzer, 3.vi. 1985, C: Bland&, J . Ferncindez Cusas, J . klolrro, J..\l. i2Iontsermt & A. Romo (AlA 340534). This taxon is included in sect. Burhntn(>Jungc, Bull. Jurd. Bat. Pk/rr.sb. 10:125 (1910), which contains perennial rcpreseiitatiLw charactcrized by lemmas \vith awns plumose throughout their length, with hairs more than 1 mm long. 13istributed in north-west Africa, subsp. breu$ilci is distinguishable from suhsp. barhnta by its shorter awns, measuring (5-)7-1 1 (- 12.5)cm long, with hairs 1-2 mm loiig, whereas in subsp. barbata the awns measure (1 0 ) 12- 16(-20) cm and tiear longer hairs measuring 1.5-3 mm. Stipa barbata is widely distributed throughout the hlediterrancan basin from the Iberian Peninsula to ‘l‘urkry, and is closely related to S. arcrhic.~Trin. & Rupr. (from Anatolia in the Middlc East to nortli-west India), S. ehrenbe~gianaTrin. & Rupr. (from Anatolia to south-wcst Iran) and S. iraqunisi.c Martinovskq, a species endemic in Iraq. ‘lhcse are the oiily known taxa to date in sect. Bmhtue.

St@a ggantea subsp. maroccanti (Pau & Font Quer) FAT. Vitzc1ut-L & De\.csa, stat. nov. (Fiyuie I ) Barzonym. St$a ggantea var. itiaumana Pau & Font Qucr, (1928).

I~PIL\.Imrmnuni 1927, no 23

Lectogype. BC 67570!, rzglil qeLzmen a1 .- DR FONT QUER I‘I’ER AIAROCCANUM 1927/23 MACROCH1,OA GIGANTEA (Ihk)Hackl./ Cat. rais./ pap. 16 (1880)./ VAR. MAROCCANA Pau et F.Q./ Hah. in collibus arenosis 1, Bu-Meziat/ dict (Atlante rhi-/phaeo), 1750 ni alt.; I6 Junii/ Descr.: A typo glumij minoribus differt. (all prznted). a2.- HERBARIUM INSTITUTI BOTANIC1 RACINONENSIS BC: (przntecl)/ 67570 (hand-wrzttrn).

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montem (hand-telritten)/Tazzeka, in fruticosis, solo calcareo, alt. ca. 1500 m (handwritten)/Marocco brinted) centralis (hardwritten)/ 2 1 Maius (hand-written)1930. (printed)/ leg. Andreanszky (printed).

Sbecimens selected. MOROCCO. ATLASRIFAIN.Beni Seddat, 1800 m, 6.vii. 1932, €? Sennen & P Mauricio (BC 144330). TAZA. Bu-Meziat, 16.vi. 1927, 1750 ni, P Font Quer (BC 67570 (leeto&@)). Djebel Berkane, 25.v. 1994, 1600 in, M.J. Diez, iZ1.d. iZlnteos, E. Moreno, A. Taleb & B. Imldis (SEV). Tazzeka, montibus Chiker, 2 1 .v. 1930, 1500 m, G. Andreunszky (BU 165655). St$a gigantea Link, Bot. (Schrader) 2:313 (1799) is the only recognized species to date in sect. Giganteae (Martinovskji) F.M. Vazquez & Devesa, Acta Bot. Malacitana 21:164 (1996) which comprises perennial plants characterized by bidentate lemmas, bifid paleas, anthers with an apical tuft of hairs and posterior lodicules larger than the anterior lodicules (Vazqucz & Devesa, 1996). Within this species, in addition to thc two recently recognized subspecies in the flora of the Iberian Peninsula (qiganteu and dovanae; Vazquez & Devesa, 1996), a third, strictly Moroccan subspecies can be recognized: subsp. maroccana. 'I'his subspecies was initially described by Pau and Font Quer as a variety, based on material from BuMeziat in the Targuist region. The three subspecies differ in ecological preference and distribution. Subspecies gigantea (Iberian Peninsula and north-west Africa) grows from sea level to elevations of 2100 m in acid or basic soils, subspecies doyanae has been found only in sandy coastal areas in south-west Spain and forest of Mamora (Morocco), and subspecies maroccana has been found only in the Moroccan Atlas Mountains at elevations above 1500 m. The three taxa can be distinguished with the help of the key below: 1. Hairs of anthers 0.45-0.9 mm. Awn (6-)7-12(-14) cm .......... subsp. gigantea 1'. Hairs of anthers 0.2-0.45 mm. Awn 4-8.5(-10) cm ............ ........ 2. 2. Palea larger than Icmma. Panicle with (70-) 1 10-1 70(-230) spikelets. Culms usuallytaller than 150 cm ........................................... subsp. donyanae 2'. Palea not exceeding the Icmma. Panicle with (15-)25- 67(-85) spikelets. Culms subsp. maroccana (45-p-95 (- 135) cm ...............................................

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Stipa meridionalis FAl. Vazquez & Devesa, sp. nov. (Figure 2) Proxima speciei Stipa offncri Breitr., a qua differt ligulis certc scabridis, ncc glabris, atque lemmatibus 10- 1 2 3 - 14)mm longis, dorso percursis lineis pilosis 3 nec 7, ut in ceteris speciebus eiusdcm sectionis Leiostipae Dumort. Culms up to 75cm, erect, glabrous, with violet nodes. Lcaves with glabrous sheath; ligule 5 8 mm, acute, scabrid; blades convolute, upper surfacc scabrid, beneath glabrous, those of the culm lcaves up t o 20 cm long, those of thc vegetative shoots up to 55 cm x 0.3-1.1 mm. Panicle up 10 27 cm, lax, lanceolate to ovoid, with scabrid branches. Glunies unequal, glabrous, with 3 scabrid ncmcs; the upper (1 2-) 17-35 mm, the lower (1 4-) 18-40 mm. Lemma 10- 12.5- 14)mm, with 3 dorsal lines of short hairs; callus 1.5-2.9 mm; awn (8-) 10-1 7 cm. Palea 9-1 2(-13) mm, glabrous or pubescent. Anterior lodicules 1.5-3.2 mm, the posterior one up to 2 mni. Caryopsis 6-8.5 mm. Cleistogamous. Flowering May to June.

Hulugpe. BC 8 1 1 174a, nngh yjeczmen. 1 .- 1NS'l'ITUTUR.I RO'l'ANICLJhl RARCINONENSE @rznted)/ Stipa (hnnd-u'ntti.n)/HAKITAT @r?ntrd) Djclxl Azrou Akc hdr, 2000 m, 34'47" 3"50'W (hnnd--zulntt~~~)/LECrI'I brztzted Font i Qtirr I 1-06-1 029, 811174 (hnnd-ulntten)IMPRENTA hlUNICIPA1, @rznton). n2.- HERKARIUhl INSTITUTUhl BOTANIC1 BARCINONENSIS R C @1,7nte4/8I 1 17421 (/md-n~rz/lur).

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Specimens selected. MOROCCO: TAZA. ' h i - O u z l i , Djebel Azrou Akchnar, 26.v. 1994, 1400-1500 m, M.3. Diez, M.A. Mateos, E. Moreno, A. Taleh 8: U. I/aldPs (SEV 3548/ 94). Djebel Azrou, Akchar, 1 1 .vi. 1929, 2000 m, I? Font Qier (BC 8 1 1 174a (holobpe) and b). TAZZEKA. 2 1 km from Taza on minor road nr junction of road to Merhraoua, 4.vii.1993, 1290 m, S.L. Jurv, Af. Ait LaJkih 8: L.S. +ringate (SEV, S.L. Jury 11688). This specics is included-in sect. Lriostipa Dumort., Obs. Gram. Bdg. 134 (1823) which also includes perennial plants whose lcmmas end is an entire apex and bear several longitudinal rows of hairs. The lemmas bear bigeniculate awiis consisting of hairs no shorter than 1 mm. This group is well represented in different countries in the Mediterranean region, the Middle East and Asia. In northern Africa (Scholz, 1991; Mairc, lor. cit.) the group is also represented by S. meridionalb, S. letourneuxii 'I'rabut, S. gussonei Moraldo, S. rlausn l'rahut, S.iranira Freitag, S. laga.rr.ae Roemcr & Schultes, S.junrea L. (sub. S. relakovkyi Martinovsky), S. pellita (Trin. & Rupr.) Tzvelev, S. tunetana H. Scholz, S. Jmtanesii Pad., and S. ojkeri Brcistr., many of which arc endemic to the western half of the hlediterrancan region. 'l'he lemmas of all known represeritativcs in sect. Leiostz$a bear seven rows of hairs, with the exception of S. rneridionali~which invariably displays only three rows. This character is extremely important in the genus, arid makes the taxoii easily distinguishable from the other iiiembers of the section, particularly S. offneri, its closest relative. Further differences between the two taxa are noted in the ligule, arid the size of the Icmma and awns (Table 1).

Stipa magrebensis F.M. Vazquez & Dcvcsa, sp. nov. (F ~ ~ I 3) UF Proxima speciei Stipa capcnsi Thunh., a qua differt aristis lemniatum caducis callisque (1.5-)24(4.5) mni longis. Culms up to 35 cm, erect, with violet nodes. Sheaths glabrous or pubescent, Lvith ciliate margins; liLgule0.3-0.7(-1) mni, acute, scabrid; blades con\.olute, upper surface pubescent, beneath glabrous, those of thc culin Icaves up to 12 ciii long, those of the vegetative shoots up to 27 cm x 0.5-1 nim. Panicle up to 20 cm, lanceolate, contracted, very dcnse, with scabrid branches. Glumes unequal, glabrous, with 1-3 scabrid nerves; thc upper 14-20(- 24) mm, the lower (14-)17-22(-25) mm. Lemma (2.3-)3-5.5(6.5) min, very pubescent; callus (1.5-)2-4( 4.5) mm; awn 5-1 3(-17) cni, with scabrid angles, falling. Palea (0.8-)1.3-2.5(-2.8) mm, glabrous. Anterior lodicules 0.8-2 mm, the posterior one up to 2 mm. Caryopsis 2.5-5mm. Cleistogamous. Flowering April to June.

Holotyp. BC 131 3G70a, single specimcn 1 .- HERBARIURI INS'1'ITUTI~Rl ROTANICI BARCINONENSIS BC (I,IIII/P()/ 8 1 3670a (/rtlnr/-rc~,z//pn). '12.- ITER R l i l KOCCANUhI A N N 0 1985 ILILTKII /'I'EhIPORL PERFEC'l'Ull .I(/ BLANCH& J. FERNANDEZ (:ASAS, J. ILIOLEKO, JAI. RlON I'SISRRJll' Sr .I. R O h l O /Stipa /OUARZA%ATE: p r . opl)itliilum Tifoultout, ?O"SG'N, /t;'59'\I', ad 1240m, in cliLosis siccis ad vinm, /%.57, 31 1' 1085./N=8./ Incursio ad

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1;. h.1. VAZQUEZ AVD J. A. DE\'ESA

TMLE2. Some distinguishing characteristics between Stipn cu,!wmzJ S. magrebensis sp. nov. jSlz,!ici

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S. magrebensis sp. nov.

Awn Lemma piibrsrtm-c Callus (mm) Callus/ Lcmma

Pcrsistent IAX

( I -)I ..i-3.5(-4)