Wheat fertilization opportunity (Triticum aestivum L ...

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Nac. 5 and Ave. Constitución, Luján (postcode 6700), Buenos Aires, Argentina. ... Luján State University, Agronomy graduate Private researcher, Buenos Aires,.
Wheat fertilization opportunity (Triticum aestivum L.) with localized irrigation Rossi, F. A.1; Barneto, S. J.1; Chimenti, F.2; Defilipis, C.1; Salinas, A.3; Borioni, L.2; Jimenez, A1, De Luca R.4 e-mail: [email protected] 1-

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Luján State University, Technology Department, Basic Agronomy Division. Ruta Nac. 5 and Ave. Constitución, Luján (postcode 6700), Buenos Aires, Argentina. Luján State University, Agronomy undergraduate. INTA EEA Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina. Luján State University, Agronomy graduate Private researcher, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

In Argentina, fertilization is conditioned by the canopy structure of extensive crop dryland farming as well as soil moisture profile and the disposable machinery which helps carrying out this labor. As a consequence, there is a reduction in the moment of application of agrochemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides up to the vegetative phase. These crops usually work under trickle or gravitational irrigation. Although it is hardly implemented by producers, sprinkler irrigation by means of the machinery which is currently available in the market extends the time period for the application of fertilizers. Localized irrigation technology such as drip irrigation assists to the fertilization opportunity on other phenological stages and in an easy way thus decreasing the amount of agrochemicals which are used with other irrigation methods. The aim of this paper was to shed light on the fertilization opportunity of wheat yield (Triticum aestivum L.), by using localized irrigation in Luján, Buenos Aires. In order to reach this aim, there was a comparison between the yield with traditional fertilization and other methods where fertilizers were divided. This also included the pod filling stage. The short term marketable variety of vegetable material was planted on August 6th 2014. The full cycle of the crop took 125 days. The sowing treatments were dryland farming fertilization, fertilizer irrigation, division of fertilizers including the poaceae stage, division fertilizer irrigation and pod filling and division fertilizer irrigation, poaceae and pod filling. Fertilization was made after contrasting the demand of the crop and the availability of the nutritional supplement of the soil which resulted only in the nitrogen supplement. Yield was assessed together with the components to each treatment and the efficiency of water applied both for irrigation and rainfall as regards to the dry weight of the grain. There

were no significant differences statistically (Tukey test, p-value < 0,05) except for the dry weight of 1000 grains, taking into account the dryland farming fertilization and division fertilizer irrigation and pod filling 42,70 g and 37,36 g respectively. Dry weigh was obtained through drying heater at 60°C until a contant weight. The obtained mid levels were: crop weigh of 1000 grains, 41,29 g, dry weight of 1000 grains, 39,74 g, crop yield, 4007,88 kg.ha-1 dry weight yield 3665,75 kg. ha-1. Mid efficiency in the production of matter towards the applied was during the cycle was 7,99 g. mm-1.ha-1. The percentage of protein for each treatment is being assessed at present. Upon the result conclusions will be drawn. Key words: extensive crops, nitrogened fetirrigation, water use efficiency, yield components, protein percentage.