Wireless Mesh Sensoring Network Based Security ...

2nd National Graduate Conference 18th & 19th February 2014

Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Malaysia

Wireless Mesh Sensoring Network Based Security Monitoring System Aqeel Mahmood Jawad

Goh Chin Hock

Mohannad J Mnati

Universiti Tenaga Nasional Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia [email protected]

Universiti Tenaga Nasional Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia [email protected]

Foundation of Technical Education Institute of Technology Dept. of Electronic Technique Iraq [email protected]

Abstract: As an extension of wireless sensor networks, wireless mesh networks newly were advanced as a key solution to provide high-quality multimedia services and applications, such as voice, data, and video, over wireless personal area networks, wireless local area networks, and wireless metropolitan area networks. Wireless mesh sensor networks typically comprise of a cluster of smart radio nodes which transfer data between each other directly in a hop, or indirectly through two or more hops via adjacent nodes. These nodes contain one or more sensors. Wireless mesh sensor networks supply a solution in monitoring and controlling the physical world around us and present far reaching potential applications. This paper presents a new design, simulation and prototype realization of one as potential application, namely the use of a wireless mesh sensor network to monitor the events and activities in a building community environment. In this network, transmit-only sensor nodes are work in order to get a low cost, easy to deploy and low power solution. A small-scaled version of the suggested network is deployed in a controlled environment, allowing for practical testing and verification of the final design. The simulation results show that the system presented in this paper is feasible to implement and present results consistent with traditional a quality monitoring systems.

and medical systems, public safety and security surveillance systems, intelligent transportation systems, emergency and disaster networking, and so on [1]. Wireless mesh sensor networks (WMSNs) are a collection of intelligent wireless nodes equipped with one or more sensors.These nodes work together in order to facilitate collaborative measurements. They form interconnecting mesh networks which provide data paths which can route data from source nodes to destination nodes [2]. WMSNs provide a solution in monitoring and controlling the physical world around us. Networks already exist between many houses in a housing estate. At present this is mainly through the internet protocol TCP/IP, which in most cases is an indirect link provided by Internet Service Providers (ISPs). Wireless links are also becoming more prevalent, with Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) based on the IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) standards [3]. Many of these WLANs have a gateway to the internet provided by wireless broadband service suppliers. A WMN is a group of self-organized and self-configured mesh clients and routers interconnected via wireless links. Mesh clients can be various user devices with wireless network interface cards, such as PCs, laptops, PDAs, and mobile phones. Based on the license-free 2.4 GHz frequency band, three non-overlapping wireless channels are available in a WMN. Feasibility of multi-channel interconnection generates great research interest in WMN network design, including efficient medium access control and routing protocols plus dynamic channel allocation. On each mesh router, one of the three channels is assigned for access network communication, while the other two channels are assigned for the backbone network interconnection. Adjacent access networks must be set to operate on separated channels to avoid interference with each other. On the other hand, to avoid expensive add-on solutions, pre-active security design should be investigated to eliminate existing and emerging security vulnerabilities and enhance security monitoring system [4].The

Keywords –Wireless; Sensoring; Network; Monitoring

I.

INTRODUCTION

In recent years, wireless mesh networks (WMNs), together with related novel applications and services, received much attention and were actively researched. New applications and services include digital home, broadband, and wireless home Internet access, community and neighborhood networking, enterprise networking, metropolitan area networks, building automation, health

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emanating field of wireless sensor networks combines sensing, computation, and communication into a single tiny device. Through developed mesh networking protocols, these devices form a sea of connectivity that extends the reach of cyberspace out into the physical world. As water flows to fill all room of a submerged ship, the mesh networking connectivity will seek out and exploit any possible communication path by hopping data from node to node in search of its destination. While the ability of any single device are minimal, the composition of hundreds of devices presents radical new technological possibilities. The power of wireless sensor networks lies in the capacity to deploy large numbers of tiny nodes that assemble and configure themselves. appliance scenarios for these devices range from real-time tracking, to monitoring of environmental conditions, to ubiquitous computing environments, to in situ monitoring of the health of structures or equipment. While often mentioned as wireless sensor networks, they can also control actuators that extend control from cyberspace into the physical world. Current wireless systems alone scratch the surface of possibilities emerging from the integration of low-power communication, sensing, energy storage, and computation.Wireless sensor network device designed to be the close to size of a quarter. Future devices will continue to be smaller, less expensive and longer lasting. Broadly, when people consider wireless devices they think of items such as cell phones, personal digital assistants, or laptops with 802.11 [5]. These items prices hundreds of dollars, target specialized applications, and rely on the pre-deployment of extensive infrastructure support. In difference, wireless sensor networks use small, low-cost embedded devices for a wide range of applications and do not rely on any pre-existing infrastructure. The vision is that these devise will cost less that $1 by 2005 [6]. different traditional wireless devices, wireless sensor nodes do not need to communicate directly with the nearest high-power control tower or base station, but only with their local peers. in lieu of, of relying on a pre-deployed infrastructure, each alone sensor or actuator becomes part of the overall infrastructure. Peer-to-peer networking protocols supply a mesh-like interconnect to shuttle data between the thousands of tiny embedded devices in a multi-hop fashion. The stretchable mesh architectures envisioned dynamically adapt to support introduction of new nodes or expand to cover a larger geographic region. as well as, the system be able to automatically adapt to compensate for node failures. There is wide research in the development of new algorithms for data aggregation [7], ad hoc routing [8-10], and distributed signal processing in the context of wireless sensor networks [11, 12]. As the algorithms and protocols for wireless sensor network are advanced, they must be supported by a low-power, efficient and flexible hardware platform. Monitoring system, the equipment adopted for detection is the heart of the work. The monitor system devices are installed in different places. Sometimes it is not possible to install equipment in some

areas for many reasons such as lack of access to power or unable to connect to signal wiring. In addition, tools used for measurements are very expensive. To solve this problem , a wireless sensor network can be implemented to help in data communications. The benefits of using a wireless network are: using less energy, no need for hardwiring, and high transmission distance. In this paper focuses on developing the system architecture required to meet the needs of wireless mesh sensoring network based security monitoring system. This paper proposes and presents the design and development of a new building estate network based on licence exempt, low power wireless technology, not in competition with Zigbee (XBee )/IEEE 802.15.4 standard. This system is both low-cost and subservient to a building community. also, the benefits may also extend to the service providers of the building community. The final design is prototyped and deployed in a small-scale controlled environment for the purposes of testing and verification. In this case, the environment selected is that of the Communication Engineering building. The results obtained confirm the goodness and performance of the proposed WMSN.

II.

ZIGBEE STANDARD

ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 [13,14] is the only standardsbased wireless technology designed to address the unique needs of low-cost, low-power wireless sensor and control networks in just about any market. Since ZigBee can be used almost anywhere, is easy to implement and needs little power to operate, the opportunity for growth into new markets, as well as innovation in existing markets, is limitless. XBee [14] is a device used to send and receive data wirelessly and can build up a ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 network reference standard. XBee functions can be divided by network topology in different ways including the Coordinator, Router and End Device. SUMMARY OF WIRELESS MESH NETWORK

SENSORING

A. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS The last system design is based around a wireless sensor network. Such networks must be low power, contain a sensor or sensor interface and transmit small amounts of data. They should also be low cost, easy to deploy and reliable. Additional requirements for the proposed system contain [4]:  Radiolocation: The system should be able to identify the location of any wireless sensor node, within a single property or a single location in a building estate.  Single Destination point for data: All sensors send their data to one central point, the base station.  Ease of maintenance: Maintaining the system should be achieved centrally, i.e. the base station 2



must be capable of determining if maintenance is required.  Scalability: The system should cater for a range of building estate sizes, without having a detrimental effect on the system’s performance.  Extend the RF range beyond that of a single radio device: In order to transfer data over varying distances and objects, wireless nodes should be able to relay data to a destination.  Easy access to sensor data: The base station will store all sensor data. Access to this data will be via SMS or Web Access. B.

radio range, thus allowing for more flexibility in sensor deployment. Unlike typical mesh sensor networks, where the sensor is part of the mesh node and thus have inherent bi-directional radio communication, these wireless sensor node devices have transmit-only capability for data. The directional lines in Figure 1 represent the transmit radio links between the wireless sensor nodes and wireless mesh nodes, using microcontroller unit (MCU) and camera for security monitoring system for photography. Front

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

The suggested building community network comprises both wireless infrastructural mesh nodes and wireless sensor nodes. Mesh nodes are strategically placed to give full zoned covering of the target area (i.e. the building estate). They act as wireless routers in the system relaying sensor node data to the base station, where the data is then processed. The mesh node include two radio interfaces. One is used for inter-mesh communications using the 868Mhz band while the other is a devoted receiver for the sensor node operating at 433Mhz. The sensor node is a battery powered single channel wireless device. The major function of this device is to read sensor inputs and transmit the data to any/all mesh nodes within radio range. This device contains a 433Mhz transmit-only radio. The number of sensor nodes in each mesh node zone will tend to be equally distributed caused by the uniform physical layout of building estates in general. nevertheless, some of the sensor nodes within the network will be mobile. These nodes will be free to move between mesh zones and are intended to be used for radiolocation goal. Additional mesh nodes may be added or removed on an ad-hoc basis. These additional nodes can be used to assist in greater accurate radiolocation and for blind-spot coverage. The key components in the proposed WMSN are the mesh nodes and sensor nodes. The design and implementation of each of these components are now regard as in turn, along with the protocols for dealing with the flow of data through the nodes.

III.

West

East 1 4

2 3

Rear Figure 1: Model Sensor Network Topology

IV.

SIMULATION, SYSTEM & DEPLOYMENT VERIFICATION

the simulation is done by Proteus 8 Professional software this simulation divided to many cases according to the movement of the person: A.

Case (1):

In this case, the person standing in front of the entrance of the building , in this situation camera 1 and camera 2 on sensor 1 and front sensor on ,Figure 2 explain this case , in Figure 3 show the voltage of of two camera through the work of photography.

SYSTEM TOPOLOGY

Figure 1 below to describe a typical network topology of a wireless mesh sensor network deployment, arranged in a partial mesh shape. It should be noted that the inter-connecting lines are representing wireless radio paths. As most wireless sensor networks the sensor is integrated directly into the wireless mesh node, or associated with a particular node through the use of an electric tether. The shape of the system offered in this paper is some different. The system consists of both wireless mesh nodes and wireless sensor nodes (see Figure 1). The sensor nodes are intelligent wireless devices capable of sending data to any/all mesh nodes in

Figure 2 Case 1: when camera 1 and camera 2 on sensor 1 and front sensor on. 3



Figure 6 XBee voltage in case2.

Figure 3 The voltage of of two camera through the work of photography in case1.

B. Case (2): In this case camera 1 and camera 3 on, send signal XBee and front sensor R on . Figure 4 explain this case, in Figure 5 show the voltage of of two camera through the work of photography, in Figure 6 show the XBee voltage , Figure 7 explain the voltage of motor when tracking the movement.

Figure 7 The voltage of motor when tracking the movement in case2.

C. Case (3): When rear camera 3 (R) on ,send signal XBee , rotate camera 3 , right sensor 1 on and right camera 3 on, explain this case in Figure 8, in Figure 9 show the voltage of rear camera 3 through the work of photography , also in Figure 10 show the voltage of right camera 3 through the work and in Figure 11 apparent the voltage of right camera 3 motor during tracking the movement.

Figure 4 Case 2: when camera 1 and camera 3 on, send signal XBee and front sensor R on.

Figure 5 The voltage of of two camera through the work of photography in case2 .

Figure 8 Case 3: when rear camera 3 on ,send signal XBee , rotate right camera 3, sensor1 on and right camera 3 on.

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Figure 14 XBee voltage in this case and Figure 15 clarify the voltage of SMS message by GSM.

Figure 12: Case 4 when rear camera 3 (R) on ,send signal XBee right ,sensor 2 on also send SMS message by GSM

Figure 9 The voltage of rear camera 3 through the work of photography in case 3

Figure13 The voltage of rear camera 3 (R) through the work of photography in case 4 .

Figure 10 The voltage of right camera 3 through the work of photography in case 3

Figure 14 XBee voltage in case 4.

Figure 11 The voltage of camera 3motor when tracking the movement in case 3

D. Case 4: In this case rear camera 3 (R) on , send signal XBee ,right sensor 2 on also send SMS message by GSM. in Figure 12 show this case , Figure 13 explain the voltage of rear camera 3 (R) through the work of photography, 5



[9] [10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

Figure 15 Explain the voltage of SMS message by GSM in case 4

V.

CONCLUSIONS

As a promising scheme for next generation networks, the wireless mesh network is superior in flexibility and for introducing new revenue. However, the security issues on each layer of the backbone and access networks are still problematic for massive deployment. Simultaneous research on network performance and device behavior monitoring in this rapidly developing network will realize both security and network design. In this article, we focuses on developing and simplfy the algorthim of wireless mesh sensoring network based security monitoring system, The system uses microcontroller and Xbee Wireless module base on the Zigbee (XBee )/IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The developed system prposed is very flexible, accurate and low cost when comparing with another system in same filed.

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